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(Arduino) Pranav Computer Branch - B

An Arduino is an open-source electronic prototyping platform that uses easy to use hardware and software. The Arduino IDE allows users to write programs called sketches in C-like code to upload to Arduino boards. Sketches contain setup and loop functions, with loop running continuously. Digital and analog pins can be configured as inputs or outputs to read from and write to components. The Arduino contains an analog to digital converter to translate analog sensor values to digital values the microcontroller understands.

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26 views14 pages

(Arduino) Pranav Computer Branch - B

An Arduino is an open-source electronic prototyping platform that uses easy to use hardware and software. The Arduino IDE allows users to write programs called sketches in C-like code to upload to Arduino boards. Sketches contain setup and loop functions, with loop running continuously. Digital and analog pins can be configured as inputs or outputs to read from and write to components. The Arduino contains an analog to digital converter to translate analog sensor values to digital values the microcontroller understands.

Uploaded by

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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Arduino :

Introduction &
Programming
STUDENT NAME : VAYS PRANAV RAJENDRABHAI
BRANCH : COMPUTER – B
ENROLLMENT NO : 219860307113
What is an Arduino ?

 Open Source electronic prototyping platform based on flexible easy to use


hardware and software.
Uses of Arduino

 Arduino IDE is a special software running on your system that allows you to write
sketches (synonym for program in Arduino language) for different Arduino
boards. The Arduino programming language is based on a very simple hardware
programming language called processing, which is similar to the C language.
After the sketch is written in the Arduino IDE, it should be uploaded on the
Arduino board for execution.
Advantages

 Simplified and user friendly language


 No additional programmer/burner hardware is required for programming board
 Portable
 Less power consumption
 Arduino runs on most of OS unlike others most microcontroller systems are
limited to windows
Getting started with Programming
Bare minimum code

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
}
Bare minimum code

 setup : It is called only when the Arduino is powered on or reset. It is used to


initialize variables and pin modes

 loop : The loop functions runs continuously till the device is powered off. The
main logic of the code goes here. Similar to while (1) for micro-controller
programming.
PinMode

 A pin on arduino can be set as input or output by using pinMode function.

 pinMode(13, OUTPUT); // sets pin 13 as output pin

 pinMode(13, INPUT); // sets pin 13 as input pin


Reading/writing digital values

 digitalWrite(13, LOW); // Makes the output voltage on pin 13 , 0V

 digitalWrite(13, HIGH); // Makes the output voltage on pin 13 , 5V

 int buttonState = digitalRead(2); // reads the value of pin 2 in buttonState


Analog to Digital Coversion

 What is analog ?
 It is continuous range of voltage values (not just 0 or 5V)

 Why convert to digital ?


 Because our microcontroller only understands digital.
ADC in Arduino Uno
ADC in Arduino

 The Arduino Uno board contains 6 pins for ADC

 10-bit analog to digital converter

 This means that it will map input voltages between 0 and 5 volts into integer
values between 0 and 1023
Reading/Writing Analog Values

 analogRead(A0); // is used to read the analog value from the pin A0

 analogWrite(2,128);
ADC Example

 // These constants won't change.  They're used to give names to the pins used:
const int analogInPin = A0;  // Analog input pin that the potentiometer is attached to
const int analogOutPin = 9; // Analog output pin that the LED is attached to

int sensorValue = 0;        // value read from the pot


int outputValue = 0;        // value output to the PWM (analog out)

void setup() {
  // initialize serial communications at 9600 bps:
  Serial.begin(9600); 
}

void loop() {
  // read the analog in value:
  sensorValue = analogRead(analogInPin);            
  // map it to the range of the analog out:
  outputValue = map(sensorValue, 0, 1023, 0, 255);  
  // change the analog out value:
  analogWrite(analogOutPin, outputValue);           

  // print the results to the serial monitor:


  Serial.print("sensor = " );                       
  Serial.print(sensorValue);      
  Serial.print("\t output = ");      
  Serial.println(outputValue);   

  // wait 2 milliseconds before the next loop


  // for the analog-to-digital converter to settle
  // after the last reading:
  delay(2);                     
}

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