The
Renaissance
Architecture
Group 5 – Nari, Prachi,
Giovan, Lc-a, Huma, B. Puia
What is Renaissance
Architecture?
• Renaissance Architecture is the European
Architecture of the period between early
14th and early 16th centuries, i.e. between
1500 – 1700 AD.
• Renaissance Architecture demonstrates a
conscious revival of ancient Greek and
Roman thought and material culture.
• Renaissance Architecture followed Gothic
Architecture and was succeeded by
Boroque Architecture.
History Of
Renaissance
Architecture
• Italy of the 15th century, and the city of Florence in particular, was home
to the Renaissance. It is in Florence that the new architectural style had
its beginning.
• Italians architects had always preferred forms that were clearly
defined and structural members that expressed their purpose.
• Unlike the Gothic that grew out of the Romanesque Architecture,
Renaissance Architecture was consciously brought to being by particular
architects who sought to revive the order of a past "Golden Age".
Historians often used the folowing
designations:
Phases of Renaissance (ca. 1400-1500) also known as the
Renaissanc Quattrocento and sometimes Early Renaissance
e High Renaissance (ca. 1500-1525)
Architectur
e Mannerism (ca. 1520-1600)
Early Renaissance or
Quattrocento
• The Study of Classical Antiquity led in particular to the
adoption of Classical Detail and Ornamentation.
• Space was organised by proportional logic, its form and
rhythm subject to geometry, rather than being created by
intuition as in Medieval Buildings.
• Filippo Brunelleschi (1377-1446) was one of the
foremost architects and engineers of the Italian Renaissance.
• Leon Battista Alberti (1404-1472) was an Italian humanist
author, artist, architect, poet, priest, linguist, philosopher
and cryptographer; he epitomised the Renaissance Man
Basilica Di San Lorenzo
Florence Cathedral
Basilica of St. Andrea
Façade of Santa Maria Novella
High
Renaissance
• The concepts derived from
classical antiquity were developed
and used with greater confidence.
• The most representative architect
is Donato Bramante (1444-1514),
who expanded the applicability of
classical to contemporary
buildings.
• Bramante introduced Renaissanc
e to Milan and the High
Renaissance style to Rome.
Raphael
• 1483-1520
• Italian Painter and Architect of
High Renaissance
• He was considered the supreme
high architect of the High
Renaissance Period
• Often referred to as Father of
High Renaissance Architecture
San Pietro, Montorio
Polazzo Pandolfini, Florence
The architects experimented with using
architectural forms to emphasize solid and
spatial relationships.
The Renaissance ideal of harmony gave way
Manneris to freer and more imaginative Rhythm.
m
Michelangelo used the giant order in his
architecture, a large pilaster that
stretches from the bottom to the top of a
façade.
Michelangelo
Buonarroti
• 1475-1564
• Italian Renaissance sculptor, painter, architect
and poet.
• Generally considered one of the greatest
artist ever.
• In Florence, Michelangelo became acquainte
d with Classical antiquity, which will
have enormous influence on his work.
Gardens of Bomarzo
Capitoline Hill
St. Peter's Basilica
Characteristics of Renaissance
Architecture
• Renaissance Style places emphasis on symmetry, proportion,
geometry, and the regularity of parts as they are demonstrated in
the architecture of classical antiquity and in particular ancient Roman
architecture.
• Orderly arrangements of columns, pilasters and lintels, as well as the
use of semi-circular arches, hemispherical domes, niches replaced
the more complex proportional systems and irregular profile of
medieval buildings.
Plans Facade
• The plans of Renaissance buildings have • Facades are symmetrical around their
a square, symmetrical appearance in vertical axis. Church facades are generally
which proportions are usually based on surmounted by a pediment and organised
a module. Within a church, the module by a system of pilasters, arches and
is often the width of an aisle. entablatures. The columns and windows
show a progression towards the centre.
• St. Peter's Basilica Plan
• San Giorgio Maggiore
Columns and Pilasters Arches
• Romans and Greek Orders are used. The • Arches are semi-circular or (in the
orders can either be structural, supporting Mannerist style) segmental. Arches
an arcade or architrave, or purely are often used in arcades, supported
decorative, set against a wall in the form
pilasters. on piers or columns with capitals.
• During the Renaissance, architects aimed to • There may be a section of entablature
use columns, pilasters, and entablatures as between the capital and the springing
an integrated system. of the arch.
Vaults Domes
• Vaults do not have ribs. • The dome is used frequently both
• They are semicircular or segmental and as a very large structural feature
on a square plan, unlike the Gothic that is visible from the exterior, and
vault which is frequently rectangular. also as a means of roofing smaller
• The barrel vault is returned to spaces where they are only visible
architectural vocabulary as at St. internally.
Andrea in Mantua • Florence Cathedral
Ceilings Doors
• Roofs are fitted with flat or • Doors usually have square lintels.
coffered ceilings. They are not left • They may be set within an arch or surmounted
by a triangular or segmental pediment.
open as in Medieval Architecture. • Openings that do not have doors are usually
• They are frequently painted or arched and frequently have a large or
decorative keystone.
decorated.
Windows Walls
• Windows may be paired and set • External walls are generally
within a semi-circular arch. constructed of bricks, rendered, or
faced with stone in highly finished
• They may have square ashlar masonry, laid in straight
lintels and triangular or courses.
segmental pediments, which are • The corners of buildings are often
often used alternately. emphasized by rusticated quoins.
• In the Mannerist period, the Basements and ground floors are
Palladian Arch was employed, often rusticated.
using a motif of a high semi- • Internal walls are smoothly plastered
circular topped opening flanked and surfaced with lime wash. For
with two lower square-topped more formal spaces, internal walls
openings. are decorated with frescoes.
Palladian Arch Ashlar Masonry
Details
• Courses, mouldings, and all decorative
details are carved with great precision.
• The different orders each
required different set of details.
• Mouldings stand out around doors and
windows rather than being recessed, as in
Gothic Architecture.
• Sculptured figures may be set in niches or
placed on plinths.
Thank You
•Group-5
•Nari (21/ARCH/019)
•Prachi (22/ARCH/018)
•Giovan (22/ARCH/006)
•B. Puia (22/ARCH/025)
•LC-a (22/ARCH/009)
•Huma (22/ARCH/028)
