This document summarizes key laws and policies in the Philippines that promote gender equality and women's rights, such as the 1987 Constitution, Local Government Code of 1991, Labor Code, and Anti-Sexual Harassment Law. It also outlines national programs like the Philippine Plan for Gender Responsive Development and Framework Plan for Women, as well as women's history of gaining the right to vote and involvement in civil society organizations.
This document summarizes key laws and policies in the Philippines that promote gender equality and women's rights, such as the 1987 Constitution, Local Government Code of 1991, Labor Code, and Anti-Sexual Harassment Law. It also outlines national programs like the Philippine Plan for Gender Responsive Development and Framework Plan for Women, as well as women's history of gaining the right to vote and involvement in civil society organizations.
This document summarizes key laws and policies in the Philippines that promote gender equality and women's rights, such as the 1987 Constitution, Local Government Code of 1991, Labor Code, and Anti-Sexual Harassment Law. It also outlines national programs like the Philippine Plan for Gender Responsive Development and Framework Plan for Women, as well as women's history of gaining the right to vote and involvement in civil society organizations.
This document summarizes key laws and policies in the Philippines that promote gender equality and women's rights, such as the 1987 Constitution, Local Government Code of 1991, Labor Code, and Anti-Sexual Harassment Law. It also outlines national programs like the Philippine Plan for Gender Responsive Development and Framework Plan for Women, as well as women's history of gaining the right to vote and involvement in civil society organizations.
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Women and The Law
Chapter 17 Introduction
• The 1987 Constitution
- The fundamental law of the country upon which all the laws are anchored. - Gender Equality is a key element of this Charter and as enshrined in Article II Section 14 of the 1987 Constitution,” the State recognizes the role of women in nation-building and shall ensure the fundamental equality before the law of women and men.” - Article 13 Section 14 specifically mentioned that the “State shall protect working women by providing safe and healthful working conditions that will enhance their welfare and enable them to realize their full potential in the service of the nation. Various Laws Promoting Gender Equality
• Local Government Code of 1991 – provides for the election of sectoral
representation, including women, in local legislative councils. • Party List Law – Provides for the creation of women-oriented or women- based parties to compete under the party-list system. Women is one of the nine sectors identified in the law. • Labor Code – Covers issues, such as night work prohibition, specifies that employers must provide special facilities for women, prohibition of discrimination against women in respect to terms and conditions of employment, and prohibition of discrimination by reason of marriage of a woman worker. • Women in Nation Building Law – Republic Act 7192 is an act promoting the integration of women as full and equal partners of men in development and nation-building. The law provides that a substantial portion of government resources be utilized to support programs ad activities for women. • 1988 Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law – Gave Filipino women the right to own land that previously reverted to sons and other male family members. • Republic Act 7688 (1994) – An act giving representation to women in social security commission. • Anti-Sexual Harassment Law. RA 7877(1995) – An act declaring sexual harassment to be unlawful in the employment, education or training environment. • Republic Act 7822 (1995) – An act providing assistance to women engaging in micro and cottage business enterprises. • Republic Act 8355 (1997) – An act expanding the definition of the crime of rape, reclassifying the same as a crime against persons.
- These laws not only promote gender equality, but also give protection to women’s rights and enhances women empowerment.
- The laws listed above should always be remembered since these are the very basic laws on women’s rights and women empowerment. National Programs
• Philippine Plan for Gender Responsive Development (1995-2025)
- The National Plan for Women that consolidates the action commitments of the Philippines during the Beijing World Conference on Women. • Gender And Development Budget (GAD) - Integral to the national plan, it is aimed at “institutionalizing gender concerns in the mainstream development process and agenda not just peripheral programs and projects of the government” • Framework Plan for Women (FPW) - This is part of the Philippine Plan for Women developed to focus on three thrusts, namely: promoting women’s economic empowerment; advance and protect women human rights; and promote gender responsive governance. - This plan identifies the concrete gender issues that will be addressed, pinpoint targets and indicators, name programs, formulates the implementation plan, and set-up tools for monitoring and evaluation. Women’s Right to Participate
• Women’s right to vote was granted in 1937. The constitution of 1935 stipulated that the right of suffrage would be extended to women, only if 300,000 women voted in its favor during the national plebiscite. • Women who brought to the fore the activism of such women: - Concepcion Felix de Calderon - Rosa Sevilla de Alvero - Trinidad Almeda - Constancia Poblete - Femenina de la Paz - Pura Villanueva Kalaw - Paz Mendoza Guazon - Pilar Hidalgo Lim - Josefa Llanes Escoda Women’s Involvement in Civil Society
• It could be through organizing along gender-specific issues and formation of
all-women groups within broad coalitions as power-enhancing mechanisms. • Groups such as the PILIPINA feminist movement, the militant GABRIELA women’s group, the Ugnayan ng Kababaihan sa Pulitika, the KILOS KABARO (Act Sisters Coalition) and SIBOL Legislative Network have trail blazed women advocacies both in policies and in legislations. • There also exist a so-called “Philippine NGO Beijing Score Board” which evolved from the National Steering Committee of NGO’s for the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women. Summary
Laws on Filipino women are aplenty, from the
fundamental law of the land up to existing legislations. It can be projected that more such legislation shall arise in the future. These laws are essential as they can be springboards of various national programs, women involvement, participation, and inclusion – all towards the highest goal of empowering women.
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