UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO

“BENGUET”
Janille Baisac
Allyssa Mae Revive Bagtasos
 BENGUET
• Long before the coming of the Spanish colonizers to the Phillipines,
the people of Benguet walked and lived on the land, mountain and
valleys of the Southern Cordillera mountain range down to the sea
coasts of Ilocos Sur, Pangasinan, and La Union to as far as the
ancient trading enters of Ituy in the Northern plain of Luzon.
• Benguet is most known for being the home of Baguio City, a
popular tourist destination known as the Philippines Summer
Capital. The name Benguet was first pronounced in La Trinidad, is
where vegetables and strawberries are produced.
• They believe in spirits, including those of ancestors, and have
complex rituals to propitiate them.

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• Benguet Province occupies the
southern tip of the Cordillera Mountain
Range in the northern part of the Luzon
Island. It has a Mountainous terrain of
peaks, ridges, and canyons; and a
temperate and generally pleasant
climate. Its capital is La Trinidad.

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• In 1908, Benguet became one the provinces absorved by the newly-
created Mountain Province.
• Mount Pulog, the second highest mountain on Luzon Island is
located within Kabayan. This is a very popular location for "sunrise"
viewing.
• Kabayan is also famous for centuries-old mummies. Regardless of
where you are in Benguet, this highly mountainous region will
ensure you always have sensational scenery to enjoy.
• The highland province is known as the Salad Bowl of the
Philippines.

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 HOW BENGUET GOT IT’S NAME
• With the western accent of the colonizer “benget”
was mispronounced as “benguet”. In time, it
eventually become a general reference to the
territories of the Iggorotes people by the Ibaloi,
Kankanaey, Kalangoya, and other minor tribes.

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• Northern
Blossomed
Flower the
famous flower
of Benguet or
also known as
Cabbage
Roses.

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 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO

“TAREKTEK DANCE”
Tribe: Benguet
 History of Tarektek
• This is a dance classified under Mountain-Igorot
Dances. It originated from Benguet where
woodpeckers known as tarektek inhabited Mt. Data.
These wild and colorful birds gave rise to tarektek
dance.
• Tarektek is a dance from the Cordillera region that
originated in Benguet. It is a mimetic courtship dance in
which the mating dance of woodpeckers is imitated,
with a colorful blanket used as a prop.
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• Two tarektek woodpeckers
vie for the attention of three
females. One Male
woodpecker rhythmically
bang on a brass gong to
represent a good voice, while
the other swish about a
colorful blanket representing
beautiful plumage.
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Significant Event
September 1, 2005 marks the 96th
anniversary of Baguio, the Philippines’
summer capital, when it was established
as a Chartered City in 1909. Baguio City’s
original name was “Kafagway“, a name
given to it by the Ibaloi settlers which
means “wide open space“.  The name
“Baguio“, given to it by the American
colonizers, was adapted from “Bag-iw“,
a moss plant that grew abundantly
along the shores of what is now
Burnham Park.
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• Benguet State University Foundation Day- which take
place every august 24, this event commemorate the
founding of the university.
• Benguet Foundation Day- take place every November
23, this event commemorate the founding of the
Benguet Province
• Tribal gatherings and ceremonies- to honor the
spirits of the ancestors

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 Attire During the Tarektek dance, performers
wear traditional indigenous attire made
from woven fabric. The attire is usually
composed of a loose shirt and pants,
both made of colorful woven fabric with
intricate patterns. Some performers may
also wear a traditional headdress made
of feathers, beads, and other decorative
elements.

In addition to the
traditional attire,
performers may also
wear accessories such
“Wanes” (Men) as bracelets,
necklaces, and
earrings made of
“Lufid” (Women)
traditional materials
such as shells, beads,
and animal bones.

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Musical Instrument

GANGSA ( Small Gong)

The gangsa is a type of flat metal gong that is struck with a wooden mallet. It
is a traditional instrument used in many indigenous dances in the Philippines,
including the Tarektek dance. 13
 Video Link
https://youtu.be/wwXP5cRy6aA

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 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO

“BENDIAN DANCE”
Tribe: Benguet
 History of Bendian
• The Bendian dance is a traditional dance of the Igorot people of the
Cordillera region in the Philippines. The dance is often performed
during important celebrations and ceremonies, such as weddings,
funerals, and community gatherings. The dance is believed to have
originated as a way to celebrate a successful harvest and to honor the
spirits of the ancestors.
• The Bendian dance is typically performed in a circular formation, with
dancers moving in a clockwise direction. The dancers wear traditional
Igorot attire, which includes colorful woven fabrics and headdresses
made of feathers, beads, and other decorative elements.

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 Significant Events

Panagbenga Festival - Panagbenga is an annual flower festival

celebrated every February which takes place in Baguio City,
Philippines. The term “Panagbenga” comes from a Kankanaey
term meaning “season of blooming”. This festival reflects the
history, traditions and values of Baguio and the Cordilleras.
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 AVIDAY FESTIVAL
• Adivay is an Agri-Tourism
festival focused on
rediscovering the rich
history, culture, arts, trades
and industries of Benguet.
• It is held every year to
continue discovering the
ingenuity of the Benguet
people.

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Attire KAMBAL - long sleeved jacket of
abel Iloko ( Ilokani wave ) with
broad stripes of blood red, bottle
green, blue, black and white
accented with strips of checkered
cloth.
Aken (Divet) - knee-length wrap
around the skirt of the same
material as the jacket.
DONAS - cloth belt to secure the
skirt on the waist Headband of abel
Iloko.
AKON - coin necklace or seed
bead necklace tabing- gold
earrings anas- bracelet.
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Musical Instruments

GANGSA ( Small Gong)

The gangsa is a type of flat metal gong that is struck with a wooden mallet. It
is a traditional instrument used in many indigenous dances in the Philippines,
including the Tarektek dance. 20
 Musical Instruments

SULIBAO
A solibao is a conical tenor drum played by the Bontoc and Ibaloi people of the Philippines.
It is played with the palms of both hands. It usually appears as part of an ensemble along
with the kimbal, pinsak, kalsa and palas. Sulibao is made from a hollowed out log covered
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with deer skin.
 Musical Instruments

TAKIK
The musical instruments used to accompany takik are the solibao (Igorot drum), two or three gongs
and two pieces of iron. The sunob is a ganza or a gong that produces a mellow and sweet sound. It
is played by hitting the front part of the gong which is held by a string.
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 Musical Instruments

BUNGKAKA
A bungkaka, also known as the bamboo buzzer is a percussion instrument (idiophone)
made out of bamboo common in numerous indigenous tribes around the Philippines such
as the Ifugao, Kalinga, and Ibaloi. 23
 Basic Movements

PINESBIKAN KINITANGAN

SALAWASAW

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 Basic Movements

KINIKIYAN INUDIYAN

INISHONGAN

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Basic Movements

PINADJOSAN INNABAYA

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 Video Link
https://youtu.be/iNYM7I1HMWU

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UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO

“CANAO DANCE”
Tribe: Benguet
 History of Canao
• Canao is a sacred ritual of the Kankanaey people,
done during feasts or celebrations in the
highlands of the Cordillera. It represents the Igorot
essence of thanksgiving, as everyone gathers in an
ancient dance.
• According to Igorot Quarterly, cañao or kanyao is
simply a “festival” or ceremony or liturgy among the
mountain people of Northern Luzon.
• Cañao or Kanyaw is a festival or a ceremony of the
indigenous mountain people of Northern Luzon. It is a
socio-religious ritual where chickens, pigs and/or
carabaos are butchered as a sacrifice and feasted on.
This is usually a thanksgiving to their god (Kabunyan).
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 Significant Events

Kanyaw Festivals or Rituals.

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 Attire
•The Bahag’s main reason is to
cover up the man’s private
parts.
•Tattoos are frequently in the
upper body. The amount of
tattoos shows the sign of the
male’s authority in the village.
•Also, a tattoo symbolizes how
many enemies he has slain
with his spear or bolo. Some
Igorot costumes comprise a
head gear decorated with
feathers, and some arm
bands.
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• Female Igorot costume
consists of a large rectangular
woven clothing about three to
five feet wide, and three to
four feet long. It is plainly worn
like a skirt and protected
around the waist. In the olden
times, there was also no upper
clothing for women.
• The native beads usually
embellish the woman’s upper
body that the weight and
amount of beads signify the
status of the woman.

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Attire
• Being nude is pure and
innocent and not an indecent
exposure but as the modern
era has come to influence
the new generation, earth
colored blouses are now
worn.

• The native beads usually

embellish the woman’s
upper body that the weight
and amount of beads signify
the status of the woman.
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 Musical Instruments

GANGSA (Small Gong)

The gangsa is a type of flat metal gong that is struck with a wooden
mallet. It is a traditional instrument used in many indigenous dances
in the Philippines, including the Tarektek dance.
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 Musical Instruments

SULIBAO
A solibao is a conical tenor drum played by the Bontoc and Ibaloi people of the
Philippines. It is played with the palms of both hands. It usually appears as part of
an ensemble along with the kimbal, pinsak, kalsa and palas. Sulibao is made from
a hollowed out log covered with deer skin.

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 Video Link
• https://youtu.be/Vy6ZkE6t4s4

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UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO

“TAYAW DANCE”
Tribe: Benguet
 History of Tayaw
• The Tayaw where a pair of dancers: The
Mandejaw or Male Dancer and the
Meneshung or Female Dancer perform the
Tayaw Dance. During the Tayaw, Rice Wine
(Tapey) is offered to the dancers and those
playing the instruments. At the same time
while the music is played, An offering to the
spirits is made where a prayer (Datok) in
the form of a wish is said aloud to the
dancers.

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 History of Tayaw
• The Ibaloi tayaw is performed with a manedjaw
(male dancer) and the meneshung (female dancer);
the manedjaw has blankets on each shoulder while
he dances around the circle followed by the players
of the gongs and palas. The woman dancer follows
the manedjaw behind as they go around several
times in a hop-and-skip tempo while their arms are
stretched out. The woman though may change
position with her two arms raised.
The chant owag done by shouting O-owag,
hoh,hoh is performed to honor the male dancer
who is a well-known leader of the community or
whose ancestors had performed canaos.
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 History of Tayaw
• Is an expression of feast, joy or celebration. It is never
performed during wake period. A man and a woman dance
a different parts to the rhythm of the gong. The man
dances with blankets dropped over his shoulder.
• A traditional dance of the Tuwali tribe in Nueva Vizcaya,
is about unity and the power to face threats against a
community.
• Tayaw is one of the arts performed by the Ibaloi tribe. The
Ibaloi dwell in the southeastern 2-third of Benguet. Mainly
the municipalities of Kabayan, Sablan, Bokod, La Trinidad,
Tublay, Itogon, and Southern part of Kapangan and Atok.
Tayaw is a dance to express bliss usually during feasts like
"canao". A grand festival characterized by offering animals,
or any joyous celebrations such as weddings in their
community.
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 Attire

• Male (manedjaw) - two blankets dropped over each of his

shoulders.
• Woman (meneshung) - swaying the sarong while wrapped
with the blanket, dance with respective parts on the beat of
gongs and palas. Insert Running Title 41
 Musical Instruments

GANGSA ( Small Gong)

The gangsa is a type of flat metal gong that is struck with a wooden
mallet. It is a traditional instrument used in many indigenous dances
in the Philippines, including the Tarektek dance.

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Basic Movements

• Hop and Skip

• Feet upward Movements and
• Downward Stretch of Hand
Movements

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 Video Link
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PrXtCcNma0Y

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UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO

“CHUMNU DANCE”
Tribe: Benguet
 History of Chumnu
• A female dance performed during celebrations of tribal victory
and bountiful harvest.
• It was originated from the outpost municipality of Benguet.

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 REFERENCES
• http://cordilleravillagecrier.blogspot.com/2016/01/the-benguet-ibaloi-tayaw-dance.html?
m=1
• https://agshan.wordpress.com/2016/05/20/canao-the-igorot-way-of-strengthening-co
mmunity-spirit-and-unity-3/?fbclid=IwAR3cniE8D4GRltq_FzApRNTTFvaBnGQUGA_dvc
M4NBp2YvhG1afznR3-av8#:~:text=As%20I%20was,hierarchy%20and%20generosity
.
• https://youtu.be/iNYM7I1HMWU
• https://youtu.be/wwXP5cRy6aA
• http://isnatako.blogspot.com/2012/08/how-to-dance-bendian.html?m=1
• https://www.icbe.eu/articles/216-canao-glancing-into-an-ancient-filipino-tradition
• https://florentflora.wordpress.com/2005/08/17/kafagway/

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UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO

THANK YOU!