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Feed Forward Control Philosophy For Temperature

Feedforward control uses measurements of disturbances to cancel out their effects before they impact the process variable. It reacts more quickly than feedback control to disturbances without waiting for a deviation in the process variable. Feedback control relies on measuring deviations in the process variable from the setpoint. For temperature control of a heat exchanger, a feedforward controller could use incoming temperature measurements to preemptively adjust steam flow, while feedback control reacts after detecting a change in outlet temperature. Feedforward control is also useful for level and flow control by measuring and summing multiple inlet flows and using that as the setpoint for an outlet flow controller.

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Elnur Əhmədzadə
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132 views12 pages

Feed Forward Control Philosophy For Temperature

Feedforward control uses measurements of disturbances to cancel out their effects before they impact the process variable. It reacts more quickly than feedback control to disturbances without waiting for a deviation in the process variable. Feedback control relies on measuring deviations in the process variable from the setpoint. For temperature control of a heat exchanger, a feedforward controller could use incoming temperature measurements to preemptively adjust steam flow, while feedback control reacts after detecting a change in outlet temperature. Feedforward control is also useful for level and flow control by measuring and summing multiple inlet flows and using that as the setpoint for an outlet flow controller.

Uploaded by

Elnur Əhmədzadə
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Feed forward control

philosophy for temperature,


level and flow
Instructor : M. Ruslan
Student : A. Elnur
Group : 612.19E
• Feedforward control can be used very
successfully to improve a control loop’s
response to disturbances. Feedforward
Feed forward control reacts the moment a disturbance
occurs, without having to wait for a
control deviation in process variable. If any process
control loop is subject to large, measurable
disturbances, it can benefit greatly from
feedforward control.
• Feedback control is typically done with PID (proportional +
Feedback integral + derivative) controllers. The process variable of interest
is measured and the controller’s output is calculated based on the
Control process variable and its set point. Although external disturbances
often affect the process variable, they are not used directly for
control. Instead, if a disturbance affects the process variable, the
control action is based on the process variable and not the
disturbance.
Feedback Control

•As an example, the outlet


temperature of a heat
exchanger can be measured
and used for feedback
control. The feedback
controller will manipulate
the steam flow to the heat
exchanger and keep the
outlet temperature as close
to set point as possible.
• Disturbance signals represent unwanted inputs which
affect the control-system's output, and result in an
Disturbance increase of the system error. It is the job of the control-
system engineer to properly design the control system to
partially eliminate the affects of disturbances on the output
and system error.
Feedforward control reducing effects of a disturbance
Feedforward Control

• In contrast to feedback control, feedforward control acts the


moment a disturbance occurs, without having to wait for a
deviation in process variable. This enables a feedforward
controller to quickly and directly cancel out the effect of a
disturbance. To do this, a feedforward controller produces its
control action based on a measurement of the disturbance.
Implementing
Feedforward Control

• Many PID controllers have an


external connection for adding
an input from a feedforward
controller. Otherwise the output
of the feedforward controller
can be externally added to the
output of the feedback
controller. Review your
controller documentation and
take special care with scaling
the feedforward signal. Many
PID controllers expect the
feedforward signal to be scaled
between -100% and +100%.
• Recall that changes in inflow temperature are the main
Feed-Forward for source of temperature fluctuations in the tank. To reject
temperature such disturbances, an alternative to feedback control is
the feedforward architecture shown below:
Feed –forward for level and flow

•  If we measure and sum these three flow rates, then use the
total incoming flow signal as a setpoint for the discharge
flow controller, the outlet flow should (ideally) match the
inlet flow, resulting in a constant liquid level. Being a
purely feedforward control system, there is no level
transmitter (LT) anymore, just flow transmitters measuring
the three loads
• If all flow transmitter calibrations are perfect, the summing
of flow rates flawless, and the flow controller’s tuning
robust, this level control system should control liquid level
in the vessel by proactive effort (“thinking ahead”) rather
than reactive effort (“after the fact”). Any change in the
flow rate of ingredients A, B, and/or C is quickly matched
by an equal adjustment to the discharge flow rate. So long
as total volumetric flow out of the vessel is held equal to
total volumetric flow into the vessel, the liquid level inside
the vessel cannot change.
The End

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