Properties of
REAL NUMBERS
Commutative Property
Commutative Property of Addition
The order of the addends does not affect the sum.
a+b=b+a
Examples:
4 + (-5) = -5 + 4 -5 + (-7) = -7 + (-5)
-1 = -1 -12 = -12
Commutative Property of
Multiplication
The order of the factors does not affect the product.
(a)(b) = (b)(a)
Examples:
(4)(-5) = (-5)(4) (-5 )(-7) = (-7) (-5)
-20 = -20 -35 = -35
Is subtraction of
Is division of
integers also
integers also
commutative?
commutative?
Associative Property of Addition
The grouping of the addends does not affect the sum.
(a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
Example:
( 7 + (-5) = 4 + (-2)
2 = 2
Associative Property of Multiplication
The grouping of the factors does not affect the product.
(ab) c = a (bc)
Example:
[(4)(3)] (-5) = (4)[(3)(-5)]
12 (-5) = 4 (-15)
-60 = -60
Is subtraction of
Is division of
integers also
integers also
Associative?
Associative?
Distributive Property
If a, b, and c are integers, Example:
then 2 [3 + (⎼ 4)] = 2 (3) + 2(⎼ 4)
= 6 + (⎼ 8)
a ( b + c) = ab + ac =⎼2
This property is the Distributive Property over
Multiplication
Identity Property
Identity Property of Identity Property of
Addition Multiplication
Zero is called the One is called the
identity element for identity element for
addition multiplication
Identity Property
Identity Property of Identity Property of
Addition Multiplication
8+0=8 (6) (1) = 6
0 + (-12) = -12 (1) (-25) = -25
Inverse Property
Inverse Property Inverse Property
of Addition of Multiplication
The sum of opposites The product of reciprocals
is always zero. is always equal to one. Two
numbers are reciprocals if
their product is equal to one.
Inverse Property
Inverse Property of Inverse Property of
Addition Multiplication
8 + (-8) = 0
12 + (-12) = 0
Checkpoint #2
Match the given description in column A to the property of integers in column B.
Things to REMEMBER
To add integers with like signs, add their absolute
values and prefix the common sign.
To add integers with unlike signs, subtract their
absolute values and prefix the sign of the number
with the greater absolute value.
To subtract integers, add the opposite of the
subtrahend to the minuend.
Things to REMEMBER
• The product of two integers with like signs is
positive.
• The product of two integers with unlike signs is
negative.
• The product of two integers with an even number
of negative factors is positive.
• The product of two integers with an odd number of
negative factors is negative.
Things to REMEMBER
• The quotient of two integers with like signs is
positive.
• The quotient of two integers with unlike signs
is negative.
• Commutative Property: a + b = b + a and ab =
ba
• Associative Property:
• (a + b) + c = a + (b + c) and (ab)c = a (bc)
Things to REMEMBER
1. (4 + 3) + (-5) = 4 + (3 + (-5))
2.
1
2 1
2
3.
1 1
0
2 2
4.
2 x y 2 y x
5.
(1) 1 0
6.
x y yx
7.
(1) 1 1 (1)
8.
9.
a0 0
10.
15 0 15
11.
6 1 6
12. 5 + (2 + 8) = (5 +
2) + 8
Unit 1 - Lesson 5
Operations on Integers
Objectives
• define integers;
• add/subtract integers
1.ADDITION OF INTEGERS
When the signs are the same,
ADD and keep the sign.
(-2) + (-4) = -6
1.ADDITION OF INTEGERS
Examples:
1.8 + 5 =
2.-3 + (-5) =
3.-12 + (-13) =
4.20 + (-5) =
1.ADDITION OF INTEGERS
When the signs are different,
SUBTRACT and use the sign of the larger
number.
(-2) + 4 = 2
2 + (-4) = -2
1.ADDITION OF INTEGERS
1.Examples:
1.- 10 +12 = 2
2.20 + (-5) = 15
3.10 + (-12) = -2
4. -20 + 15 = -5
-1 + 3 = ?
1.-4
2.-2
3.2
4.4
Answer Now
-6 + (-3) = ?
1.-9
2.-3
3.3
4.9
Answer Now
ACTIVITY
a. 17 + (-7)
b. (-3) + (-23)
c. 14 + (-5)
d. 30 + (-20)
e. (-21) + 17
SUBTRACTION OF INTEGERS
To subtract integers, add the opposite
of the subtrahend to the minuend.
MULTIPLICATION OF INTEGERS
The product of two integers with like signs is
positive
The product of two integers with unlike signs is
negative
The product of integers with an even number of
negative factors is positive
The product of integers with an odd number of
negative factors is negative
MULTIPLICATION OF INTEGERS
DIVISION OF INTEGERS
The quotient of two The quotient of two
integers with like integers with unlike
signs is positive signs is negative
DIVISION OF INTEGERS
Checkpoint #1
Perform the indicated operations.
1.) ⎼ 4 + 5 =
2.) ⎼ 5 + (⎼ 5) =
3.) ⎼ 10 + (⎼ 3) =
4.) 15 + (⎼ 2) =
5.) ⎼ 12 + 15 =
6.) ⎼ 3 – (⎼ 12) =
7.) 4 – (⎼ 6) =
8.) 8 – 15 =
9.) ⎼ 5 – 5 =
10.) ⎼ 4 – (⎼ 4) =
The integer was introduced in the year 1563 when
Arbermouth Holst was busy with his bunnies and
elephants’ experiment. He kept count of the
number of bunnies in the cage, and after six
months, he found the number of bunnies
increased. Then he thought of inventing a number
system of adding and multiplication. He spent 15
years developing this number system.
LETS REPRESENT THE GIVEN:
1. A GAIN OF 45 M
2. 15 DEGREE BELOW ZERO
3. A PROFIT OF P 50
4. A LOSS OF 5 lb
5. P 2000 DEPOSIT IN A BANK
6. THE TEMPERATURE IN BAGUIO
DROPPED TO 10 DEGREE CELCIUS.
LETS REPRESENT THE GIVEN:
7. AN EAGLE CAN FLY 10000 FT ABOVE SEA
LEVEL
8. THE BASKETBALL TEAM LOSES 5 POINT
9. AN EMPLOYEE RECEIVED p 587 SALARY
INCREMENT
10. MARK HAS TO PAY A PENALTY OF P 140
LETS APPLY
A SUBMARINE IS 65 m BELOW
SEA LEVEL. IT RISES 26 m AND
THEN DIVES 15 m. HOW FAR IS
THE SUBMARINE BELOW SEA
LEVEL?
LETS APPLY
A FROG IN A WELL IS 12m
BELOW THE GROUND LEVEL. IF IT
JUMPS 5 m AND THEN FALLS
BACK 3m, HOW FAR IS THE FROG
FROM THE GROUND LEVEL?
LETS APPLY
FIND THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
A MOUNTAIN THAT HAS AN
ALTITUDE OF 3486 ft AND A
VALLEY THAT IS 139 ft BELOW
SEA LEVEL.
LETS APPLY
IF PHYTAGORAS , THE GREEK
MATHEMATICIAN WAS BORN IN
582 BCE AND DIED ON HIS
BIRTHDAY IN 497 BCE, HOW OLD
WAS HE WHEN HE DIED?
LETS APPLY
HANS HAS A BALANCE OF P
20,210.00 IN HIS CHECKING
ACCOUNT. IF HE WRITES A CHECK
FOR P 30,300, WHAT WOULD HIS
NEW CHECKING BALANCE BE?
LETS APPLY
ANA OWES P 1000 AT HER FAVORITE
CLOTHING BOUTIQUE, SO THE
BALANCE IN HER ACCOUNT IS -P
1000 IF SHE GOES SHOPPING AND
TRIPLES THE AMOUNT SHE OWES,
WHAT WILL BE THE PRESENT
BALANCE IN HER ACCOUNT?
LETS APPLY
ARA’S PARENTS GAVE HER MONTHLY
ALLOWANCE IN THE AMOUNT OF P 6300. THIS
AMOUNT SHOULD ALSO COVER THE MONTHLY
RENTAL OF HER APARTMENT WHICH COST P
5500. BEFORE PAYING HER RENT, SHE SAW A
POUCH WHOSE PRICE WAS P 790 AND BOUGHT
IT AS A GIFT TO HER FRIEND AS A BDAY GIFT.
WILL HER MONEY STILL BE ENOUGH TO PAY HER
RENT?
LETS APPLY
IN THE CITY MARKET, EIGHT KG OF
MEAT AND 5 KG OF CHICKEN COST P
2350. IF ONE KG OF MEAT IS WORTH
p 200, HOW MUCH IS EACH KG OF
CHIECKEN?
LETS APPLY
THERE ARE 185 STUDENTS, 45
PARENTS AND 30 TEACHERS WHO
SIGNED UP FOR THE SCHOOLS
ANNUAL EDUCATIONAL TOUR. IF A
BUS CAN ACCOMODATE 65 SEATS,
HOW MANY BUSES DO THEY NEED?
LETS APPLY
