2021 Practical 1: Final with EC &
curve
9
Number of Students
8
Average: 72%
7
Range: 55 – 87%
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
90+ 80-89 70-79 60-69 50-59 40-49 30-39 20-29
Score (%)
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM & SPIROMETRY
Lab 6
LAB 6 ACTIVITIES
• Identify parts of the respiratory system
• Respiratory tree, thoracic organs, and larynx models
• Fresh lung (if available)
• Examine histology of the:
• Trachea
• Lung
• Examine the operation of the lung model
• Biopac L012-Pulmonary Function I
• Measure lung volumes and capacities
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM STRUCTURE
1. Conduction zone:
pathway for pulmonary
ventilation
2. Respiratory zone:
membrane for gas
exchange external
respiration
• Clinically, two parts:
• Upper respiratory tract
• Lower respiratory tract
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM STRUCTURE
Histology reflects the different
functions of the different
parts of the system
Position in respiratory
pathway determines cell
type
• non-keratinized stratified
squamous
• pseudostratified ciliated
columnar
• cuboidal ciliated
• simple squamous / Type I
Alveolar cells
PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM
mucosa
Lamina Propria
Submucosa
Hyaline Cartilage
seudostratified epithelium
= lamina propria
ucous glands
mooth muscle
artilage
GROSS SECTION THROUGH LUNG
Smoker’s Lungs Non-smoker
SMALL BRONCHIOLE
LUNG TISSUE SLIDE
Respiratory
Bronchiole
Alveolar
Duct
Alveoli
Alveolar
Sac
CAPILLARIES IN ALVEOLAR WALL
SPIROMETRY
SPIROMETRY –
RESPIRATORY VOLUMES
AND CAPACITIES
Total Lung Capacity = Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) + Tidal Volume (TV) + Expiratory
Reserve Volume (ERV) + Residual Volume (RV)
Vital Capacity = Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) + Tidal Volume (TV) + Expiratory Reserve
Volume (ERV)
Inspiratory Capacity = Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) + Tidal Volume (TV)
Functional Residual Capacity = Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) + Residual Volume (RV)
SPIROMETRY:
CALIBRATION
Inlet Inlet
Insert the
calibration
syringe/filter Follow pop up window instructions
assembly into the Wait for 8 seconds of no air flow,
Then do your 5 syringe cycles.
side of the airflow
transducer
labeled "Inlet."
Experimental Treatments- Different from Biopac!!!!
and don’t forget the nose clip!!!
1. 4 normal breaths (4 inhales/4 exhales)
2. Inhale as deeply as possible
3. Exhale to normal depth
4. 3 normal breaths
5. Exhale as much as possible at end of
3rd exhalation
6. 3 normal breaths
7. Inhale as much as possible, then exhale as fast and completely as possible (you
will use this data segment in activity 3)
8. 3 normal breaths
9. Click Stop- look at your recording and redo if necessary
10. If it’s good, select done and analyze your data.
BIOPAC SPIROGRAM EXAMPLE DATA
If you get a negative value, just put the absolute value.
This part is in addition to
what Biopac Lesson 12-Lung
1 prompts you to do!
1 regular exhale
1 strongest
inhale
1 strongest 3 regular 1 strongest exhale
3 regular inhale breaths
breaths
3 regular
breaths
1 strongest exhale
BIOPAC: DATA ANALYSIS
Ch 2 P-P Measures Tidal Volume
Record in Table 1 on page Lab 6-17
BIOPAC: DATA ANALYSIS
P-P Measures Inspiratory Capacity
Record in Table 1 on page Lab 6-17
BIOPAC: DATA ANALYSIS
Delta Measures Inspiratory Reserve Volume
Record in Table 1 on page Lab 6-17
Use similar methods to determine:
Expiratory Reserve Volume
Vital Capacity
BIOPAC: DATA ANALYSIS (ACTIVITY 5)
Forced Expiratory Volume is the % of your forced vital capacity you can expel in
1,2, or 3 seconds.
RESET MEASUREMENT BOXES!!!!!
BOX 1- DELTA T, BOX 2 P-P, ALL OTHER BOXES- NONE
USE I-beam to bracket one second of data starting at peak of last maximal
inhalation. P-P will give you FEV1 then highlight the 1st 2 seconds of data starting
at peak for FEV2 and then the 1st 3 seconds for FEV3
Record in Table 1 on page Lab 6-17
BIOPAC: DATA ANALYSIS
To measure FVC highlight the recording from just before last maximal inhalation to
just after peak of the last maximal exhalation- use P-P value.
Record in Table 1 on page Lab 6-19
SUMMARY OF CLASS DATA
Record your data in Excel at the computer located at the front podium
Your Instructor will make the complete data set available for you to use
while completing the homework assignment
HOMEWORK
Complete and turn in the questions on pages 6-17 to 6-20
Don’t forget to print the entire spirogram (landscape format) you recorded to
include in your lab report.
Use vertical brackets ( [ ] ) to identify and label the tidal, inspiratory reserve,
expiratory reserve and residual volumes; and total lung, vital, expiratory and
inspiratory capacities on your spirogram .
Lab 6-19, Question 4. Remember to completely label your graphs!
Complete Assignment 6 on MasteringAandP.
THE END
Lab 6
Biopac Spirometry
Residual volume
SPIROMETRY
