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Basic Definitions

Fuzzy set theory allows for partial membership in a set rather than crisp membership. A fuzzy set is characterized by a membership function that assigns a value between 0 and 1 to each element, indicating its grade of membership in the set. Membership functions can be subjective measures rather than probability functions. Fuzzy sets are useful for representing concepts that have unclear boundaries like tallness or middle age. They provide a more flexible representation of sets than classical binary sets.

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169 views15 pages

Basic Definitions

Fuzzy set theory allows for partial membership in a set rather than crisp membership. A fuzzy set is characterized by a membership function that assigns a value between 0 and 1 to each element, indicating its grade of membership in the set. Membership functions can be subjective measures rather than probability functions. Fuzzy sets are useful for representing concepts that have unclear boundaries like tallness or middle age. They provide a more flexible representation of sets than classical binary sets.

Uploaded by

Herald Rufus
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fuzzy Set Theory

Dr.N.Herald Anantha Rufus, AP/ECE


Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R &
D Institute of Science and Technology
Neuro-Fuzzy and Soft Computing: Fuzzy Sets

Fuzzy Sets
Sets with fuzzy boundaries

A = Set of tall people

Crisp set A Fuzzy set A


1.0 1.0
.9
.5 Membership
function

5’10’’ Heights 5’10’’ 6’2’’ Heights

2
Neuro-Fuzzy and Soft Computing: Fuzzy Sets

Membership Functions (MFs)


Characteristics of MFs:
• Subjective measures
• Not probability functions

“tall” in Asia
Membership

.8
.5 “tall” in the US

“tall” in NBA
.1
5’10’’ Height

3
Neuro-Fuzzy and Soft Computing: Fuzzy Sets

Fuzzy Sets
Formal definition:
A fuzzy set A in X is expressed as a set of ordered
pairs:

A  {( x ,  A ( x ))| x  X }

Membership Universe or
Fuzzy set
function universe of discourse
(MF)

A fuzzy set is totally characterized by a


membership function (MF).

4
Neuro-Fuzzy and Soft Computing: Fuzzy Sets

Fuzzy Sets
A fuzzy set is totally characterized by a
membership function (MF).

 a membership function for a fuzzy set A


on the universe of discourse X is defined as µA:X → [0,1],
where each element of X is mapped to a
value between 0 and 1.
This value, called membership value or degree of 
membership,
quantifies the grade of membership 
of the element in X to the fuzzy set A.
5
Neuro-Fuzzy and Soft Computing: Fuzzy Sets

Fuzzy Sets with Discrete Universes


Fuzzy set C = “desirable city to live in”
X = {SF, Boston, LA} (discrete and nonordered)
C = {(SF, 0.9), (Boston, 0.8), (LA, 0.6)}
Fuzzy set A = “sensible number of children”
X = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} (discrete universe)
A = {(0, .1), (1, .3), (2, .7), (3, 1), (4, .6), (5, .2), (6, .1)}

6
Neuro-Fuzzy and Soft Computing: Fuzzy Sets

Fuzzy Sets with Cont. Universes


Fuzzy set B = “about 50 years old”
X = Set of positive real numbers (continuous)
B = {(x, mB(x)) | x in X}

1
 B(x)  2
 x  50 
1  
 10 

7
BASIC DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY

• Let X be a space of objects and z be a generic


element of A. A classical set A, is
defined as a collection of elements or objects
such that each z can either belong or not belong
to the set A. By defining a characteristic function
for each element z in A, we can represent a
classical set A by a set of ordered pairs (z, 0) or (z,
1), which indicates respectively.

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