INTRODUCTION

TO
CRIMINOLOGY

FREDERICK RODRIGUEZ
1. Absence of a complaining victim in the
typology of crime is classified as public order
crime or?

A. Crimes against person

B. Victimless crime
C. Physical crime
D. Public scandal
 
 INTRODUCTION TO CRIME
AND
THEORIES OF CRIME CAUSATION

Fredrick Rodriguez
2. A crime that is committed in the shortest
possible time such as libel.

A. Acquisitive crime
B. Extinctive crime
C. Seasonal crime
D. Instant Crime
 
3. Are those who commit crime due to less physical
stamina and less self control

A. Criminoloid 1. Born Criminal- with atavistic stigmata

B. Psuedo Criminals 2. Insane Criminals (epileptic/Pseudo Criminals)

C. Criminal by Passion • those who commit crime due to abnormalities or
D. Born criminals psychological disorders.
• They should be exempted from criminal liability.
  • those who are not criminals by birth;
• they become criminals as a result of some changes in
their brains
Theory of Atavism
Criminals are throwback to
Atavism- recurrence in an organism of a trait or the earlier stage of
character typical of an ancestral form and usually due to
evolutionary process
genetic combination.

-derived from the Latin “atavus.”

-An atavus is a great-great-great-grandfather or, more

generally, an ancestor.

-Atavistic Stigmata/atavistic Anomaly/Lombrosian stigmata

Cesare Lombroso is the founder of
CRIMINAL ANTHROPOLOGY
4. A state of normlessness as proposed by Durkheim that
describes France during its trying times.
Robert Merton (application of Anomie in Criminology)
A. Strain Theory
B. Anomie
C. Labeling Theory
D. Chicago Area Project
Labelling
5. It is the study of human society, its origin,
structure, functions and direction.

A. psychology
B. criminology
C. sociology
Anthropology-- Study of humanity
D. anthropology
  • archaeology,
• linguistic anthropology,
• physical anthropology
• sociocultural anthropology
Physical/biological anthropology

• Biological/physical constitution
• Behavioral aspect

• What is the most prominent

distinguishing feature of
female and male skeleton?

Pelvis
6. Science concerned with improving the quality
of human off springs.
Genetics is a branch of biology concerned with the
study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in
A. Genetics organisms.
B. Eugenics FRANCIS GALTON
C. Criminology
D. Heredity
  Passing of genetic traits
from parents to offspring
 Application of Genetic in Criminology
Robert Dugdale Henry H Goddard

Ada Juke Martin Kallikak

Mother of all Criminals

Criminality is INHERITED
7. The following are characteristics
of criminology, except:
study of crimes must be in relation with the existing criminal law
within a territory or country.
A. Nationalistic
B. Flexible
C. Dynamic Criminology changes as a social condition changes.

D. Applied Science Scientific method

social science
8. The principle that events including criminal
behavior that has sufficient causes.

A. positivism
B. determinism
C. atavism
D. narcissism
 
9. The primary advocate of the Positivist School in
Criminology.
Founder of POSITIVISM
A. August Comte
B. Cesare Lombroso
August Comte
C. Edwin Sutherland
D. Cesare Beccaria Coined the word “SOCIOLOGY”
 
Father of SOCIOLOGY
Mother of Criminology

Meda Chesney-Lind
10. This type of physique has relatively predominant
muscles, bones and motor organs of the body.

A. Viscerotonic
B. Mesomorphic
C. Endomorphic
D. Ectomorphic
 
 William Sheldon
(Somatotype)

Mesomorphs Endomorphs
Ectomorphs
• hard and - have soft,
• Thin
- round, and
• fragile of form muscularly built, - plump physiques and
• introverted, • assertive, - tend to relaxed,
• sensitive, and • extroverted, and - easygoing, and
• subject to worrying. • action seekers; - extroverted.
 William Sheldon
TEMPERAMENT
(Somatotype)

Mesomorph Endomorph
Ectomorphs
(Somatotonic/romotonic) (Viscerotonic)
(Cerebrotonic)
• assertive, • tend to relaxed,
• introverted, • extroverted, and
• easygoing, and
• sensitive, and • action seekers;
• extroverted.
• subject to
worrying
SOMATOLOGY Who are the Criminologist
prominent in this study?
 Thisrefers to the study of the body
build of a person
• William Sheldon
 inrelation to his temperament and
personality and the type of offense he is • Ernest Kretschmer
most prone to commit.

 Itbecame popular in the 1sy half of the

20th century.
 Ernest Kretschmer
ENDOMORPH Pyknic type
MESOMORPH Athletic
ECTOMORPH Asthenic
DYSPLASTIC OR MIXED TYPE
- Those who are less clear evident having any
predominant type. Their offenses are against
decency and morality.
11. Who is a person who kills three or more
persons in three or more separate events?

A. Serial Killer
B. Spree Killer
C. Mass Murderer
D. Homicidal
 
 A.1. Mass Murder and serial killing

Serial killer Mass murderers

operates over a long period of time and kill many victims in a single
can be distinguished from violent outburst.

spree killer
is a person (or more than one person) who commits two or more murders without a
cooling-off period; the lack of a cooling-off period marks the difference between a spree
killer and a serial killer.
 Committed his crime between 1974 and 1978

 American serial killer known for his charisma and

good looks.

 Bundy officially confessed to 30 homicides, but had

confessed to killing 35–36 women in the past, and
some estimates run upwards of 100 or more.

 He was executed by electric chair in 1989.

Beltway Snipers (October 2-24, 2002)
SPREE KILLERS
What should be charged?

Infanticide
Parricide
Murder
Homicide
12. Which of the following is not true about the
principles of Positivism?

a. stated that criminality is inherited

b. criminal behavior is caused by the internal factors

crime is deterred by
c. imposition of deterrence the threat of
punishment.
d. understanding criminality through the study of human behavior
•probability of arrest,
•the probability of conviction, and
•the severity of punishment.
 Principle of Classical theory
•Punishment must fit the crime

•Punishment must fit the criminal

offenders should be punished
regardless of *the condition during
the commission of the crime,
13. On the basis of etiology, this refers to a person who
violates criminal law because of the impulse of the
moment: fit of passion or anger or spell of extreme
jealousy (Crime of Passion).

a. Chronic Criminal deliberated thinking

b. Acute Criminal Persons whose actions arise from the intra-psychic conflict
c. Neurotic Criminal between the social and anti-social components of his
personality.
d. Normal Criminal
  Persons whose psychic organization resembles that of a normal individual
except that he identifies himself with criminal prototype.
 1. On the basis of etiology:
a) Acute criminals

b) Chronic criminals
b.1) Neurotic Criminals
b.2) Normal Criminals
 Divisions of Criminology
What is etiology?
etiology of crime sociology of law penology
scientific analysis of the causation -investigation of the nature of law study of the control of crimes and
of crime and the behavior of and its administration the rehabilitation of offenders
criminal
14. A doctrine which criminals were seen as
distinct types of humans who could be
distinguished from non-criminals by certain
physical traits.

a. theory of biological inferiority

b. theory of natural selection
c. theory of differential association
d. theory of evolution
 
15. If you study the primary reason for crime
commission, then you specifically deals with
the application of…

a. victimology
b. sociology of law
c. criminology
d. criminal etiology Causation of crime
 
16. John took the shoulder bag of a woman
and run away. What crime according to result
did John Committed?
Acquires something
a. Acquisitive
b. Extinctive destructive
c. Simple
d. Complex
 
 According to plurality
a)Simple crime – single act constituting only one offense

b)Complex crime – single act constituting two or more grave felonies or

an is a necessary means for committing the other.
compound crime COMPLEX CRIME PROPER
(delito compuesto) (delito complejo)

When a single act constitutes two or one offense is a necessary

more grave or less grave felonies means to commit the other
17. Considered to be the criminal law of the
Philippines prior to the Spanish Colonization
promulgated on 1433.

a. Mosaic Code
b. Roman Law
c. Code of Kalantiao
d. Code of Maragtas
  1250 A.D.
(oldest)
18. The set of crimes that are considered by the police as
so serious in nature and which occur with sufficient
frequency and regularity such that they can serve as an
index to the crime situation are called…

a. uniformed crimes • murder,

b. index crimes • homicide,
• physical injury,
c. non-index crimes • rape
d. habitual crimes
  • robbery
• theft
19.Among the following classical thoughts of criminology is not
correct.
a. the classical school of Criminology also argued that nature has placed mankind
under the governance of two sovereign masters, Pain and pleasure.

b. the classical school of Criminology argues that criminals were primitive creatures,
incapable of living normally in society.

c. the classical school of criminology is an advocated of punishment as a deterrent to

crime.

d. The classical school of Criminology is spearheaded by Bentham and Beccaria.

 
20. What school of thought in Criminology challenges the
proposition that man has absolute freewill to choose between
good and evil and states that it is not absolute as presumed to
be because freewill can be diminished by pathology, mental
disorders and other condition that may instigate personal
responsibility?

a. positivism
b. hedonistic calculus
c. neoclassical School of criminology
d. Radical Criminology
21. Guilty by act means…

a. rea mens
b. actus reus
c. actus numbus
d. giltus reus
 
22. Some of the defining features of the
classical school in criminology include the
following except…

a. people are guided by free will

b. behavior is guided by hedonism
c. punishment should fit the criminal not the offense
d. bad people are nothing more that the result of bad
laws
 
23. Crime prevention through limiting social shaming reaction in
others and replace moral indignation with tolerance. Some
rehabilitation emphasis in helping offenders rehabilitation from
the kind of brand perceived of them. Such idea is link with
applying…

a. labeling theories
b. Radical theories
c. feminism
d. classism
 
24. After forcibly had sexual intercourse with Maria, Pedro
stabbed her 72 times with an 8 inches knife but the acts of
stabbing was not premeditated nor with deliberate thinking but
rather a product of his passion to kill. Pedro in this case is a…
impulse of the moment, fit of passion or anger.
a. acute criminal
b. chronic criminal
c. professional criminal
d. insane criminal
 
25. Which school of thought in criminology states that
character, not freewill nor determinism is the source of
criminality.

a. classical school
b. neo-classical school
c. positivist school
d. Latino School
26. Peter robbed the watch of Maria but due to Maria’s
refusal, Peter stab Maria to death. What crime according
to plurality is committed by Peter?

a. Complex crime
b. simple crime
c. Instant Crime
d. Situational Crime
 
27. A phenomenon that refers to the handling down of
delinquent behaviors as socially learned and transferred
from one generation to the next place mostly among
disorganized urban areas.

a. cultural transmission
b. crime
c. social phenomenon
d. delinquent behavior
 
28.This theory reflects the way people react to given situation
based on the social influences they acquired form other people
that practically determine their behaviors. This theory likewise
serves as the learning process of delinquent behaviors and
considered as one of the most important theory in crime
causation.

a. social disorganization theory

b. social structure theory
c. cultural conflict theory
d. differential association theory
29. Physiognomy as a factor in crime causation refers to the…

a. Study of the body built of a person in relation to his personality

behavior and the type of offense he or she is most prone to commit.

b. study the external formation of the skull and brain formation.

c. study of the facial features of man and its relation to human behavior.

d. study of human mind. Phrenology

  • GIAMBATTISTA DELA PORTA (Cranioscopy)
• JOHANN KASPAR LAVATER • FRANZ GALL

• JOHANN KASPAR SPURZHEIM

30. A societal stage marked by normlessness in which disintegration and
chaos have replaced social cohesion.

a. social disorganization

b. anomie

c. strain theory

d. conflict

e. social bond theory

 
 
 attachment

B.A.C.I.
belief criminality commitment

involvement
31. This defense in a criminal case is based on the claim that
the act was the result, not of any intent on the part of the
accused but threats of loss of life, limb or a loved one.
 
a. defense of instigation
b. defense of alibi
c. defense of consent
d. defense of duress
 
32. Which of the statement best suits on
the phrase “ ignorance of the law excuses
no one?”
a. Mr. Cardo a crazy person shouting that the mall is on fire.
b. Mr. Cardo kills another person just to save himself from danger.
c. Mr. Cardo did not renew his driver’s license while driving a vehicle.
d. Mr. Cardo violated an offense because he was not informed  
33. Mr. Manny, son of a serial killer, on a drinking spree
celebration killed Mr. Lodi because the latter provoked Mr.
Manny telling that he went swimming that is why he was
absent in the class, according to the types of criminal set by
Lombroso. What type of criminal is Mr. Manny?
person who commits
a. Criminaloid occasional
crime due to less
b. atavistic
physical stamina/self –
c. insane criminal
d. Atavism
control.
 
34. What school of thought adopted a social ecology approach to
studying cities, and postulated that urban neighborhoods with high
levels of poverty often experience breakdown in the social structure
and institution such as family and schools arose in the early
twentieth century, through the work of Robert Ezra Park, Ernest
Burgess?

a. Chicago school of thought

b. classical school
c. positive school
d. Chicago school
 
35. Centuries ago, criminal behavior was believed to be the result of evil spirits and
demons. Guilt and innocence establish by variety of procedures that presumably
called forth the supernatural allies of the accused. The accused were innocent if they
could survive the supernatural allies of the accused. The accused were innocent if
they could survive an ordeal, they were guilty if they died at the stake or if omens
were associated with them. In the 18th century, this spiritual determination begun to
give way to…

a. the belief that man is a demon and evil

b. the belief that man is evolved from the animal ape

c. the belief that there is no such thing as bad spirits.

d. the belief that humans are rational creatures with freewill, who seek happiness.
 
36. Some criminology theorist have linked physical
characterisitics with personality. Among these theories is
William Sheldon’s Somatotyping theory. He is classified body
physique into three categories as the endomorphic, the
mesomorphic and the ectomorphic body. Of the following
statements, which appropriately describes the mesomorphic.

a. the fat and soft body type.

b. the muscular and hard physique
c. the attractive and beautiful shaped.
d. the *thin and fragile with withdrawn behavior
 
37. The principle which states that man, by nature,
always tries to maximize pleasure and avoid pain.

A. Utopia
B. Hedonism
C. Socialism
D. Atavism
38. This school of criminology was established based on philosophy of
utilitarianism. It was particularly founded by Cesare Beccaria. This was
known as the classical school. What is that treatise on the legal
reform that became the pillar of the school?

a. Classical School
b. Positivist School
c. Essay on Crimes
d. Essay on Crimes and punishment
 
39. All of the following are the description of a criminal man
according to Lombroso, except one.

a. symmetry of the face

b. excessive length of arms
c. abnormal dentition
d. defects of the Thorax
 
40. Cesare Lombroso was considered as the father of Modern
Criminology and the father of the Italian School of
Criminology. Which of the following is not part of his works?

a. identifying the three types of criminal

b. he took a scientific approach in the study of crime
c. he was the one who wrote “ The Criminal Mind”
d. none of these Criminal Man

(L’UOMO DELINQUENTE)
41. A doctrine which criminals were seen as distinct types of
humans who could be distinguished from non criminals by
certain physical traits.

a. theory of biological inferiority

b. theory of natural selection
c. theory of differential association
d. theory of evolution
 
42. Any crime committed by an individual from a lower social
class as opposed to white-collar crime which is associated
with crime committed by individuals of a higher social class.

a. Blue-collar crime
b. political crime
c. public order crime
d state crime
 
43. Crime in one instance may be caused by one or
more factor, while in other instances it is caused by
another set of factors.

a. Biological factor
b. eclectic theory
c. Multiple factor theory
d. Single or unitary causes
 
44. In a situation when an offender comes to possession of
something out of the commission of the crime, what type of
crime he has committed?

a. Extinctive crime
b. static crime
c. acquisitive crime
d. episoidal crime
 
45. The Differential Association Theory provides a good illustration of
a social learning approach perspective in Criminology Criminal
Behavior according to this theory is…

a. a result of an emotional disturbance

b. an inmate quality of goodness or badness
c. learned and not inherited
d. an excess of wisdom
 
46. Labeling theory purports that criminal behavior may be
caused by adverse reactions of the society towards a
reformed offender. Now, among the following which is the
best solution to the problem at hand.

a. Strict enforcement of the law and increase imprisonment

b. application of diversion, deinstitutionalization, and the like
c. vocational training in jails and prisons for rehabilitation
d. religious activities must be conducted in jails and prisons
 
47. The approach that is using the perspective of heredity in
explaining the cause of crime.

a. psychiatric approach

b. psychological approach

c. biological approach

d. geographical approach
 
48. This theory states that obedience to the norms of
lower-class culture places people in conflict with
norms of the dominant culture.

a. theory of anomie
b. strain theory
c. differential association theory
d. culture conflict theory
49. Juan belongs to a poor family and commits crimes due to
financial inadequacy. This scenario applies to what theory?

a. Culture deviant theory

b. life course theory
c. strain theory
d. none of these
 
50. This idea believes that becoming criminal is a discovering
occurrence in which potential felons master techniques that
enables them to counterbalance conventional values and drift
back and forth between illegitimate and conventional
behavior.

a. differential reinforcement theory

b. neutralization theory
c. containment theory
d. differential association theory
 
51. What type of killer runs on certain group of person as their
end that they believe to unworthy people and also for
excitement?

a. lust killer
Sexual satisfaction
b. mission oriented
c. thrill killer Sheer excitement
d. serial killer
52. What kind of crime victim does these people who have
experience the harm intensely through media publicity as
their source of information?

a. specific crime victim

b. tertiary crime victims
c. primary crime victim
d. secondary crime victim
 
53. Anton Guerrero has been bullied all through his
early years because he is an introvert person, but smart
and intelligent wherein Anton, excels in his academic
grades and skinny. This is the manifestation of…

a. mesomorphic
b. endomorphic
c. dysplastic
d. ectomorphic
54. The one who disproved the idea of Cesare
Lombroso about born criminals by his study of
English convict was…

a. Enrico Feri
b. Edwin Sutherland Book
c. Earnest Hooton Physical inferiority

d. Charles Goring “CRIME AND MAN”

 
Justice Ignacio Borbon Villamor
(February 1, 1863 – May 23, 1933)
was a Filipino lawyer, Associate Justice of Supreme
Court from Abra, Philippines and the first Filipino
president of the University of the Philippines

One of the earliest scientific work in the Philippine

Criminology was “Criminality in the Philippines:
1903-1908.”
55. During the prehistoric times, there was no formal
criminal justice system, and crimes where punished
based on…

a. formal laws
b. conscience
c. customs
d. the Bible
 
56. The new field of criminology that deals with the
analysis of crimes involving a variety of
environmental concerns with link to criminal
activities. Which one of these?

a. comparative criminology
b. white collar criminology
c. perspective on Green Criminology
d. Corporate criminology
57. What perspective on crime causation that holds that
criminality is the result of conscious choice? It predicts that
individuals will choose to commit crime when the benefits of
doing so outweigh the costs of disobeying the law.

a. Radical theory
b. Rational Choice theory
c. Endangered species theory
d. Freewill
58. If the motive of criminal act is based upon stress,
hassles and interpersonal relations, then the most
applicable theory would be…

a. Differential Association Theory

b. Theological Theory
c. Anomie theory
d. Strain Theory
 
 
59.One of the earliest scientific work in the Philippine
Criminology was “Criminality in the Philippines: 1903-
1908.”

a. Vladimir Villasenor
b. Ramon Blanco
c. Ignacio Villamor
d. Daniel Polkmar
 
60. The prediction, prevention, and therapeutic
intervention which include psychoanalysis, group
therapy, counselling, family therapy, drug treatment, and
reconditioning falls under the concept of…

a. Socio-cultural theories
b. biological theories
c. psychiatric theories
d. psychological theories
61. Acculturation and assimilation along with community
empowerment which include helping immigrants and
isolated subcultures feel like part of mainstream society
falls under the criminological theories involving.

a. Disorganization and ecology

b. Psychological approaches
c. Differential association
d. Anomie or normlessness
 
62. The movement in the history of criminology
encompassing rationalism, naturalism, and humanitarianism
which rejects the idea that all are spiritual or divine.

a. enlightenment
17th and 18th centuries
b. medieval
c. renaissance
d. barbaric
 
 
 
63. It refers to all types of internal forces which may
prevent a person from committing a crime.

a. contact with reality

b. internal inhibition GIANELL’S INDEX OF CRIMINALITY
c. need frustration
d. situational crime potential
 
64. According to Hans Eyesenck, in his study about the behavioral
character and incidence to crime, the typical extravert is one who is…

a. oversized, heavy and firm,

b. undersized, short and untidy
c. reserved, quiet and cautious
d. sociable, impulsive, optimistic and has high needs for excitement.
65. It tells us the offender behaves as she/he does
in response to pathological personality of some
kind.

a. biogenic
b. psychogenic
c. pathogenic
d. sociogenic
 
66. Lombroso referred to these criminals as alcoholics,
kleptomaniacs, nymphomaniacs, and child molesters. Although
insane criminals bore some stigmata , they were not "born criminals";
rather they become criminal as a result of an alteration of the brain,
which completely upsets their moral nature.

A. Criminaloid
B. Insane Criminal
C. Atavistic
D. Hedonistic Calculus
 
67. It is the study of the formation of the
skull in relation to the behavior of the
criminal.

A. Phrenology
B. Criminology
C. Criminology
D. Entomology
 
68. The basis of criminal liability is human freewill
and the purpose of the penalty is retribution.

A. Classical theory
B. Eclectics Theory
C. Multiple factor theory
D. Positivist theory
 
69. What theory considers crime as a natural
social phenomenon?

A. Somatotyping Theory
C. Anomie Theory
B. Differential Association Theory
D. Psychoanalytical Theory
 
70. This book contains all of the Stigmata of a potential
criminal written by Lombroso on his medical studies in the
inmate of the different prison.

a. the Criminal Mind

b. atavistic
c. Atavism
d. The Criminal Man
 
71. Which is not true about Criminology?

a. considered as an applied science

b. it is stable and it varies from one time and place to another

c. study of crime as a social phenomenon

d. none of these
 
72. Ex post facto law is one of the constitutional rights
of every Filipino people which means that a person
should not be put into jeopardy where there is no
effective law forbidding the particular act, except.

a. the subject was not arrested

b. the law is in favor to the offender
c. retroactive effect
d. all of these
 
•habitual delinquent or

•the law provides otherwise provides.

 HABITUAL DELINQUENCY
When a person, within a period of ten (10) years from the date of his
last release or last conviction of the crimes of serious or less serious
physical injuries, robbery, theft, estafa, or falsification, is found guilty of
any of the said crimes a third time of oftener.
SL-RTEF
1. Serious physical injury
2. Less serious physical injury
3. Robbery
4. Theft 2010 ---------------------------------------------------2020
5. Estafa
6. falsification
73. The primary aim of studying
criminology is…
a. to prevent the crime problem
b. to understand crimes and criminals
c. to be a source of philosophy in life
d. all of these
 
74. Before the development of scientific theory, this
theory involved believing that criminal behavior is
caused by the possession of evil spirits.

a. Demonological theory
b. Divine theory
c. classical theory
d. neo-classical theory
 
75. Criminology changes as social condition changes. This
means the progress of criminology is concordant with the
advancement of other sciences that has been applied to it. It
connotes that criminology is…

a. dynamic
b. excellent
c. progressive
d. none of these
 
76. He founded criminal anthropology. He suggested that
physiological trait is indicative of criminal tendencies such as
measurement of cheek bones, hairline, cleft palate. He firmly
believed that there is a born criminal.

a. Gabriel Tarde Theory of Imitation

b. Sigmund Freud
c. Cesare Lombroso
d. Jeremy Bentham
 
77. Mr. Johan, a former boxer, had a heated argument with
Mr. Bobby as the latter accused him of having an affair with
his wife Leila. Due to his anger, Mr. Johan boxed the face of
Mr. Bobby leading to his death. To what classification of
criminal does Mr. Johan belong?

a. Acute criminal
b. chronic criminal
c. ordinary criminal
d. professional criminal
78. Allen stab at the back, killing the latter instantly, it
was committed at Fuentes Street, Pasay and Anton left
for Cavite to escape captivity for his felonious act.
What type of crime did he commit?

a. Extinctive crime
b. static crime
c. acquisitive crime
d. continuing crime
 
79. Which is the study of human society, that
deals for its origin, structure, functions and
directions?

a. sociology
b. physiology
c. physiognomy
d. phrenology
80. The study of criminality in relation to physical constitution
of men refers to …

a. Criminal etiology
b. Criminal ecology
c. criminal physical anthropology
d. criminal epidemiology
 
81. What is this theory puts the focus on the
process of naming behaviors and the people that
perform them?

a. functionalist
b. rational choice theory
c. anomie
d. labelling
 
82. Classical theory upholds what doctrine?

a. doctrine of positivism
b. classical doctrine
c. doctrine of determinism
d. none of these
 
83. What is this statement that confirms crime
correlates to society that affects almost all people?
Increasing rate
a. crime is progressive
b. crime is expensive money
c. crime is destructive Lost of lives
d. crime is pervasive
 
CRIME IS REFLECTIVE- crime rate or incidence in a given locality is reflective of the
effectiveness of the social defenses employed by the people primarily of the police system
84. Science concerned with improving the quality of
human offspring.

a. genetics
b. criminology
c. eugenics
d. heredity
 
85. Scientific approach based upon mental processes and
characteristics

a. psychogenic determinism
b. biological determinism
c. emotional determinism
d. criminological determinism
 
86. The principle which states that man, by nature,
always tries to maximize pleasure and avoid pain.

a. utopia
b. socialism
c. hedonism
d. atavism
 
 
87. The author of “Origin of Species” and “Descent of
Man.”

a. Lombroso
b. Beccaria
c. Darwin
d. Garofalo
 
 
88. He is the primary advocate of the Theory of
Differential Association.

a. Lombroso
b. Beccaria
c. Sutherland
d. Garofalo
89. The basic unit of society.

a. community
b. government
c. family
d. church
90. The theory of crime causation which states that
offenders should be punished regardless of *the
condition during the commission of the crime, thus,
emphasized more on the injurious effect of the criminal
act than upon the offender refers to…

a. Classical theory
b. Positivist theory
c. neo-classical theory
d. differential association theory
 
91. The theory which argued that children and lunatics do
not have the sufficient capacity to ponder upon
consequences of their acts, thus, they should not be
regarded as criminal was…
 
a. Classical theory
b. Neo-classical theory
c. Positivist theory
d. Anomie theory
 
 
92. This doctrine states that man is essentially a moral
creature with absolute freedom and intellect to choose
between good and evil.

a. free will
b. hedonism
c. determinism
d. atavism
93. The theory stating that criminal behavior is not
inherited but learned through the process of association
and communication refers to…

a. Anomie theory
b. strain theory
c. somatotyping
d. Differential association theory
 
 
 
94. Scientific study of crimes and criminals is
started by the…

a. Classical school of criminology

b. neo-classical school of criminology
c. positivist school of criminology
d. independent school of criminology
 
95. This refers to the acquisition of criminal behavior from
one generation to another in which children have no
choice but to adopt the criminal behavior of their parents.

a. social disorganization theory

b. cultural conflict theory
c. cultural transmission
d. social learning theory
 
96. According to Albert Bandura, behaviors are
transmitted through examples. Children learn how to
behave by fashioning their behavior after that of others.
We call this theory as…

a. experience learning
b. social learning
c. observational learning
d. Mock learning
 
 
97. The following are causes of criminality
according to psychological determinism, except…

a. Poor moral development

b. emotional immaturity
c. defective conscience
d. abnormal chromosomes
  biological
 
98. This theory focuses on the development of high crime areas
associated with the disintegration of conventional values caused
by rapid industrialization, increase immigration, and
urbanization.

a. cultural deviance theory

b. differential association theory
c. culture conflict theory
d. social disorganization theory
 
99. He said that crime is a normal part of a society just like life
and death.

a. Cesare Bonesana
b. Emil Durkheim
c. Cesare Lombroso
d. Giambtista Dela Porta
100. In classical criminology it was explained that man’s
intelligence and rationally controls human behavior and that
before they commit any crime they try to determine the
amount of pain they will suffer, which represents
the_______ for the crime they have committed.

a. rewards
b. advantage
c. punishment
d. behavior