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Utilization of Assessment Data

This document discusses various statistical concepts related to assessment data including: - Descriptive statistics which deals with collecting, describing, and analyzing quantitative data. - Measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode) which describe typical values in a data set. - Measures of dispersion (range, interquartile range, standard deviation) which describe how spread out values are in a data set. - Properties and appropriate uses of different measures of central tendency and dispersion.

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IJ Villocino
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149 views34 pages

Utilization of Assessment Data

This document discusses various statistical concepts related to assessment data including: - Descriptive statistics which deals with collecting, describing, and analyzing quantitative data. - Measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode) which describe typical values in a data set. - Measures of dispersion (range, interquartile range, standard deviation) which describe how spread out values are in a data set. - Properties and appropriate uses of different measures of central tendency and dispersion.

Uploaded by

IJ Villocino
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Utilization of

Assessment Data
Review

• Statistics is the branch in science that deals


with the collection, presentation, analysis, and
interpretation of quantitative data.
Review

• Branches of Statistics
• Descriptive Statistics deals with collecting, describing and analyzing
a set of data
• Inferential Statistics is concerned with the analysis of a subset of data
leading to predictions or inferences about the entire set of data
Measure of Central Tendency

• Used to describe group performance


• Determines the average performance of a group of scores
• Provides a convenient way of describing a set of scores with
a single number that describes the performance of the group.
Mean refers to the arithmetic average
Mean Properties

• Used when the data are in interval or in ratio level of


measurement
• Used when the frequency distribution is regular,
symmetrical, or normal
• Measures stability
• Easily affected by extreme scores
Mean Properties
• May not be an actual score in a distribution
• Very easy to compute
• The sum of each score’s distance from the mean is 0
• Used to compute other measures such as standard
deviation, coefficient of variation
Median refers to the centermost scores in the distribution
are arranged according to the magnitude
Median Properties

• Used when the data are ordinal level of measurement


• Used when the frequency distribution is irregular or
skewed
• Used when the middlemost score is desired
Median Properties

• Used when there are extreme scores


• Not affected by the extreme scores because it is a
positional measure
• May not be an actual observation in the data set
Mode refers to the score/s that occurs frequently in the
score distribution

Types of Mode:
• Unimodal
• Bimodal
• Trimodal
• multimodal
Mode Properties
• Used when the data are in nominal level of measurement
• Used when quick answer is needed
• Used when the score distribution is normal
• Can be used for quantitative as well as qualitative data
• May not be unique, not affected by extreme score, may not exist
at times
Measures of Dispersion or Variation

• Measure of variation is a single value that is used to


describe the spread of the scores in a distribution
Range is difference between the highest and the lowest
score.

Interpretation
• If the range is large, the scores are more dispersed
Range Properties

• Used when the score distribution is normal


• Used when data are in interval or ratio level of measurement
• Used when quick answer is needed
• Rough estimation of variation or dispersion
Range Properties

• Easily affected by extreme scores


• Quick and easy to understand
• Only scores are needed to compute the value of the range
• Very easy to compute
Interquartile Range (IQR) refers to the distance
between the third and first quartile
Interpretation
• The larger the value of IQR, the more dispersed the
scores are from the median value, or the smaller the
value of IQR, the more clustered the scores are from the
median value
IQR Properties

• Used when data are in ordinal level of measurement


• Used when the frequency distribution is irregular or
skewed
• Reduces the influence of the extreme score
IQR Properties

• Considers only the middle 50% of the scores in the


distribution
• Note easy to calculate as compared to the range
• The point of dispersion of the scores is the median
value
Quartile Deviation (QD) refers to the average deviation of the third and first quartile from
the value of the median

Interpretation
• The larger the value of QD, the more dispersed the scores are
from the median value, or the smaller the value of QD, the
more clustered the scores are from the median value.
QD Properties
• Used when the data are ordinal level of measurement
• Used when the score distribution is irregular or skewed
• Reduces the influence of the extreme scores considers only the
middle 50% of the distribution
• Not easy to calculate as compared to the range
• The point of dispersion of the scores is the median value
Standard deviation (s) refers to the average distance
that deviates from the mean value

Interpretation
• If the value of standard deviation is large, on the average, the
scores in the distribution will be far from the mean. Therefore
the scores are spread out around the mean value. The
distribution is also known as heterogenous.
Standard deviation (s) refers to the average distance
that deviates from the mean value

Interpretation
• If the value of standard deviation is small, on the
average, the scores in the distribution will be close to
the mean. Hence, the scores in the dispersed or the
scores in the distribution are homogenous.
Standard Deviation Properties

• Used when the data are in interval or ratio level of


measurement
• Used when the frequency distribution is regular,
symmetrical, or normal
Standard Deviation Properties

• The most commonly used measure of variation or dispersion


• The most commonly used measure of variation or dispersion
• Shows variation of the individual scores about the mean
Coefficient of Variation

• Shows the variation relative to the mean. It is used to compare


two or more group distribution of scores
Example
Review Questions

• Which measure/s of central tendency does number 25 represent


in the score distribution: 25, 12, 20, 25, 17, 25, 30, 30, 27?
Review Questions

• Which measure of central tendency is most


appropriate when the data is interval or ratio?
Review Questions

• What will happen to the mean if all values in the


distribution increase by 5?
Review Questions

• The admission officer of a certain school conducted an entrance test to 5 groups of


students. In the data below, which of the following is the overall average of the students
who took the test?

Group Number of Average


Takers
A 10 90
B 15 85
C 20 92
D 25 95
E 30 88
Review Questions
• Study this group of tests which was administered with the following results:

Subject Mean Standard Matt’s score


Deviation
Mathematics 93 2.5 95
English 96 3 95
PE 96 2.75 98

• In which group ae score most dispersed? Least dispersed?


• In which subject did Matt performed best?
Review Questions
Review Questions

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