Reproduction in Plants
Types of Reproduction
Vegetative propagation
Advantage of Propagation
Budding
Fragmentation
Modes of Reproduction in Plants
• All living organisms have a characteristic that they can produce
their own kind. This production of the offspring from the parents is
called Reproduction.
• Modes of Reproduction in Plants
• Plants have two kinds of parts:
• Vegetative Parts - These are the parts of the plant that plays a
major role in the life cycle of a plant such as preparation of food,
transportation of food, water and nutrients etc. For Example,
roots, stems and leaves.
• Reproductive Parts - These are the parts of a plant that play a
major role in the reproduction process in plants, For Example,
flowers, fruits
Reproduction in plants can be categorized into two types:
• Asexual Reproduction – The new plants are
produced without using the seeds. In this
process, generally, the leaves, stems and roots
participate in reproduction.
• Sexual Reproduction – The new plants are
produced with the help of the seeds of a
plant. In this process, the flowers of the plants
participate in reproduction.
Parts of Plant
• Shoot – A young plant is often
termed as a shoot. Generally,
a shoot is regarded as a part
of the plant which has stems,
leaves and flowers.
• Node – It is a part of the stem
or branch of a plant from
where the leaf arises.
• Vegetative Buds – Sometimes
buds are present in the leaves
that are capable of developing
into shoots. These are
called Vegetative Buds.
Different types of Asexual Reproduction:
1. Vegetative Propagation
As the name suggests this type of reproduction
takes place with the help of the vegetative parts
of the plant. Only one parent can produce the
identical offspring in vegetative propagation.
Natural means of • Vegetative Propagation by Roots
Vegetative Propagation: • Plants that have tuberous roots,
that is, roots which are used as a
storage organ in plants participate
in vegetative propagation.
• In order to grow new plants, these
tuberous roots are sown in the soil.
• There are buds present on the
fruits that grow above the ground
and a new plant is formed.
• Example: Sweet potato and dahlia
Vegetative
Propagation by Stem Stem Tubers: Just like
tuberous roots, some plants
have tuberous stems. These
stem tubers store the
nutrients and bear nodes.
These notes bear buds that
form the new plants.
Example: Potato
Vegetative Propagation by Stem
• Runners: Some plants
grow along the ground
and contain modified
stems called Runners.
These runners contain
buds that can produce
roots and stems.
Example: Strawberries
Vegetative Propagation by Leaves
• Some plants have
leaves that contain
buds that can
develop into a
new plant.
Example:
Bryophyllum
Artificial means of
Vegetative Propagation
Cutting - It is a
method in which
a cutting from a
plant is taken and
planted. This
cutting is a part of
the stem or the
branch of the
plant. Example:
Roses
Grafting
Sometimes two plants are
joined together so that
both of them can provide
the desired characteristics
to the new plant.
One plant remains rooted in
the ground, which is called
the Stock, and provides
the essential nutrients and
water while the other
plants’ stem is attached to
it is called Scion . In this
way, a new plant develops.
Example: Apples
Advantages of Vegetative Propagation
• The plants that are produced with vegetative
propagation grow faster than those that are
produced with sexual reproduction.
• The plants that reproduce with vegetative
reproduction have fruits and flowers ahead of
time.
• The plants that are produced have exactly the
same characteristics as that of their parents.
2. Budding
• Yeast is an organism that contains a single cell. It is a fungi not
a plant.
• It can propagate every few hours if the proper amount of
nutrients are available to it.
• As the yeast finds favourable conditions, a small bulb-like
projection produces from the yeast called Bud.
• The bud grows gradually and then gets detached from the
parent yeast.
• This new cell then grows measures and produces more cells.
• Sometimes a chain of buds is formed which leads to the
production of a large number of yeasts altogether.
Budding in Yeast
3. Fragmentation
• Algae like Spirogyra generally reproduce by
the process of fragmentation in which they
divide themselves into multiple parts.
• As soon as the algae find enough water and
nutrients, it fragments and grows into new
individuals.
• This process continues and algae multiply
quickly in a short period of time.
Fragmentation in Algae
Test your Knowledge
1. Name few vegetative part of plants.
2. The new plants are produced without using the
seeds through…………………………
3. List two methods of asexual reproduction.
4. What are the advantages of vegetative
propagation?
5. What is fragmentation?
6. Give Examples of plants that can be propagated
through: a. Leaf b. Root c. Stem
