The document discusses modal verbs and their uses. It focuses on modal verbs of obligation like must, have to, and should. It explains that must is used to express strong obligation, have to is used for obligation, and should is used for weaker or recommended obligations. It also discusses other modal verbs like may, can, could that express ideas like permission, ability, and possibility. Examples are provided to illustrate the proper uses of these important modal verbs.
The document discusses modal verbs and their uses. It focuses on modal verbs of obligation like must, have to, and should. It explains that must is used to express strong obligation, have to is used for obligation, and should is used for weaker or recommended obligations. It also discusses other modal verbs like may, can, could that express ideas like permission, ability, and possibility. Examples are provided to illustrate the proper uses of these important modal verbs.
The document discusses modal verbs and their uses. It focuses on modal verbs of obligation like must, have to, and should. It explains that must is used to express strong obligation, have to is used for obligation, and should is used for weaker or recommended obligations. It also discusses other modal verbs like may, can, could that express ideas like permission, ability, and possibility. Examples are provided to illustrate the proper uses of these important modal verbs.
The document discusses modal verbs and their uses. It focuses on modal verbs of obligation like must, have to, and should. It explains that must is used to express strong obligation, have to is used for obligation, and should is used for weaker or recommended obligations. It also discusses other modal verbs like may, can, could that express ideas like permission, ability, and possibility. Examples are provided to illustrate the proper uses of these important modal verbs.
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UNIT 7C LEARN A
LANGUAGE IN MONTH: GRAMMAR: THE MODAL VERB MUST AND ITS EQUIVALENTS (HAVE TO). TRAINING GRAMMAR EXERCISES. WHAT ARE MODAL VERBS?
• Modals (also called modal verbs, modal auxiliary verbs, modal auxiliaries) are special verbs which behave irregularly in English. • They are different from normal verbs like "work, play, visit..." They give additional information about the function of the main verb that follows it. They have a great variety of communicative functions. CHARACTERISTICS OF MODAL VERBS
• They never change their form. You can't add "s", "ed", "ing"... • They are always followed by an infinitive without "to" (e.i. the bare infinitive.) • They are used to indicate modality allow speakers to express certainty, possibility, willingness, obligation, necessity, ability MODAL VERBS OF OBLIGATION
The main verbs of obligation are:
MUST HAVE TO SHOULD + You must stop here. (obligation) + I have to stop here. (obligation) -They mustn’t smoke. (prohibition) - He doesn’t have to work on Saturdays. (no obligation) + You should do more exercise. (weak {débil} obligation) - She shouldn’t work so hard. (weak prohibition) MUST
Remember these things about must:
1. use the infinitive WITHOUT “to” after must I must to take the car to the mechanic.
2. There is no 3rd person “s” with must
He/she musts leave now.
3. There is no past of must – use had to...
Yesterday I must had to finish the report.
4. The negative form is a prohibition
You mustn’t take photographs here. HAVE TO Remember these things about HAVE TO: 1. Use the infinitive after have to We have to wear long trousers.
2. The negative means there is no obligation
We don’t have to pay to enter. (it’s not necessary)
3. There is a 3rd person form
He has to work on Saturdays.
4. You can refer to the past or the future by changing the verb tense. Yesterday, we had to walk, the car didn’t start. = the past Tomorrow, we will have to walk, the car isn’t working. = the future SHOULD
Remember these things about should:
Should is used for weak (debil) obligation. It is used to say something is a good idea or a bad idea e.g. I should do more exercise. (good idea) He shouldn’t smoke so much. (bad idea) We shouldn’t be late. (bad idea) Should we turn left or right?
It is similar to must. There is no to after should and there is no 3rd person.
OTHER VERBS THAT YOU CAN USE
• Allowed to – this means to permit. It is often used with the verb to be and is considered quite formal. • Members of the public are not allowed in here.
• Can – Used mainly for ability but also for permission and prohibition. • You can smoke in here. You can’t touch anything CAN – COULD –BE ABLE TO
We use these modals to express:
• General ability/ disability • possibility / impossibility • opportunity • Permission • request CAN COULD
In the past, can changes to could.
He could speak only Hebrew when
he was a kid. He couldn’t speak to his neighbor who speaks only English. (General ability)
Practice time-can/could MAY
• I may choose to wear the red dress to the party.
=I have two dresses. There is a chance that I will choose to wear the red dress and not the blue one.
• Today, he may come on time.
=Although usually he comes late, There is a possibility that today he will come on time. MAY
• May I come to visit you at 5 o’clock?
=I want to come to you but I’m not sure that you want me to come/that you will be at home/that you will let me enter .
• You may take only one candy.
=Although there are more candies, I permit you to take only one of them! • If you want to be a champion you should practice every day. =You don’t have to practice but then, you will not get better.
• When you make a cheese cake, you should first check that you have cheese. -or else, it will not be a cheese cake MUST - MUSTN’T
Must – very strong advice/ obligation
Mustn't – things you're not allowed to do. • She is sick. She has high fever. She must take a pill. = very strong advice/ obligation
