Project-Based Learning 2021

SCIENCE
FORM 2

Prepared by : Khor Sue Qing, Tay Syuen Yi, Alisha Maisarah

Binti Aldi, Julia Elisha Binti Abdul Suhaimi, Yooteshwar A/L
Krishnan (Group 2)
Class : 2 Amanah
Facilitator : Puan Jeyanthi A/P Annamalai
Theme : Obesity

Content Standard : 3.2 Importance of a Balanced Diet

Learning Standard : 3.2.1 Causes of Obesity

3.2.2 Factors that influence calorific requiremen
3.3.3 Food pyramid
3.3.4 Explain what is a healthy lifestyle
3.3.5 Treatment for Obesity
 Introduction

Obesity is a medical disease which body

has accumulated with overabundance of fat
and causes negative effects on body
health. Obesity puts us at greater risk for
Type 2 diabetes, heart diseases, high blood
pressure, stroke and types of cancer.
Treatment will take a very long time for
making lifestyle changes, while medicine
and surgery will used sometimes.
 BMI (Body Mass Index)

BMI is a measurement For most adults, a BMI of:

method of overweight and
obesity that is suitable for 18.5 to 24.9 means you're a healthy weight
all ages of adults and both 25 to 29.9 means you're overweight
sexes 30 to 39.9 means you're obese
40 or above means you're severely obese

Generally, men with a waist size of 94cm or more and women with a waist size
of 80cm or more are more likely to develop obesity-related health problems.
 Causes of Obesity

Calories Genetic

Poor Diet Lack of Physical Activities

Effects of Obesity
TREATMENT 1: DIET
-Avoid fad diets that recommend unsafe practices, such as fasting (going without food for
long periods of time) or cutting out entire food groups. These practices do not work, it
will make you feel ill, and they are not sustainable because they do not teach you long-
term healthy eating habits.

A responsible diet programme should:

-educate yourself about issues such as portion size
-make healthy eating as a habit
-do not over restrictive in terms of the type of foods you can eat
-sustainable weight loss rather than short-term rapid weight loss
TREATMENT 2: EXERCISE
Maintaining a healthy weight requires physical activity to burn energy. As well as
helping you maintain a healthy weight, physical activity also has wider health
benefits

Recommendation from The Chief Medical Officers:

Adults should do a minimum of 150 minutes moderate-intensity activity a week .
Something is better than nothing, and doing just 10 minutes of exercise at a time is
beneficial.

Moderate-intensity activity is any activity that increases your heart and breathing
rate, such as: brisk walking, cycling ,recreational swimming,dancing.
During vigorous activity, breathing is very hard, your heart beats rapidly and you
may be unable to hold a conversation. Examples: running, most competitive
sports,circuit training
TREATMENT 3: MEDICAL (ORLISTAT)
● The only anti-obesity medicine that has proved to be safe and effective
is Orlistat.
● You can only use orlistat if a doctor or pharmacist thinks it's the right
medicine for you.
● Orlistat works by preventing around a third of the fat from the food you
eat being absorbed. The undigested fat isn't absorbed into your body
and is passed out with your poo. This will help you avoid gaining weight,
but will not necessarily cause you to lose weight.
● Common side effects of Orlistat are fatty or oily poop ,needing the toilet
urgently, pooping more frequently,an oily discharge from your rectum ,
stomach pain, headaches, upper respiratory tract infections (such as a
cold)
TREATMENT 3: MEDICAL (ORLISTAT)

ORLISTAT
TREATMENT 4: SURGERY(WEIGHT LOSS SURGERY)
Types of Weight Loss Surgery Risks of Weight Loss Surgery

● gastric band – a band is placed around ● being left with excess folds of skin
your stomach, so you do not need to eat ● not getting enough vitamins and minerals
as much to feel full from your diet
● gastric bypass – the top part of your ● gallstones (small, hard stones that form in
stomach is joined to the small intestine, the gallbladder)
so you feel fuller sooner and do not ● a blood clot in the leg (deep vein thrombosis)
absorb as many calories from food or lungs (pulmonary embolism)
● sleeve gastrectomy – some of your ● the gastric band slipping out of place, food
stomach is removed, so you cannot eat leaking from the join between the stomach
as much as you could before and you'll and small intestine, or the gut becoming
feel full sooner blocked or narrowed
TREATMENT 4: SURGERY(WEIGHT LOSS SURGERY)

GASTRIC BAND
TREATMENT 4: SURGERY(WEIGHT LOSS SURGERY)

GASTRIC BYPASS
TREATMENT 4: SURGERY(WEIGHT LOSS SURGERY)

SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY
DATA ANALYSIS
Question 1 : How many times
do you skip breakfast per
week?
The chart above shows how many times students

from 3Amanah , 3Berdikari , 4ScAlfa, 4ScGamma

and 5ScAlfa skip breakfast per week. Most of the

students doesn’t skip breakfast and are keeping a

good eating habit. There are 8 students who skip

breakfast 1-2 times per week while 5 students skip

breakfast 3-4 times a week. 3 students skip

breakfast 5-7 times a week which means they are

not keeping a good eating habit.

Question 2: How many meals
you eat a day ?
The chart above is about how many meals
taken in a day by students from 3Amanah ,
3Berdikari, 4ScAlfa , 4ScGamma and 5ScAlfa in
Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Seri Bintang
Utara . Most of them are eating 3 meals a day .
This means these 26 students are keeping a good
eating habit . There are 4 students eat 4 meals a
day . These 4 students might have a habit of eating
supper . Fortunately , no students eat 5 and more
than 5 meals . This means most of them are taking
care of their health condition .
 Question [Link] do you get
lunch on a typical school day?
The chart above is about the sources of lunch that students

prefer on a typical school day from 3Amanah, 3Berdikari, 4ScAlfa,

4ScGamma and 5ScAlfa in Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Seri

Bintang Utara. Most of them are getting 3 sources of lunch in a day. It

shows that 24 students (80%) having their food by going home during

lunch time. There are 80 % of students are getting healthy and proper

food from their houses. Secondly, there are 3 students (10%) are eating

their lunch at school cafeteria. This means the 10 % of students

bringing money to school to buy some foods. Next, there are 3

students (10%) don’t eat their lunch on a typical school day. Therefore

the 10 % of students are not taking care of their health. Unfortunately,

the students of SMK Seri Bintang Utara are not eating lunch at

restaurants in a town
 Question 4 : What type of food
does your diet consist most of?
The chart above shows the types of food that consist

most of in the diets of students from 3Amanah, 3Berdikari,

4ScAlfa, 4ScGamma and 5ScAlfa. Most of the students’ diet

consist of rice, meat, vegetables and fruits which means they

are keeping a healthy diet. 9 of the students’ diet consist of

rice and meat/vegetables. None of their diet consists of

meat/vegetables/fruit only while one of the students’ diet

consists of instant noodles/any noodles.

Question 5 : How many glasses
of water do you consume in a
day?
The chart above is about how many glasses of water

consumed by students in a day from 3Amanah, 3Berdikari,

4ScAlfa, 4ScGamma and 5ScAlfa in Sekolah Menengah

Kebangsaan Seri Bintang Utara. According to the bar chart ,

the highest amount of glasses of water consumed are

between 6 to 4 glasses. There are 16 students who consume

that amount of water in a day. The least amount of water

consume are between 1 to 3 glasses. There is only 1 student

who consumes that amount of water in a day. There are 2

students consume 4 to 3 glasses of water in a day while 11

students consume 8 or more glasses of water in a day.

 Question 6: How often do you do
exercise?
The chart shows the result of survey in how often do

students from 3Amanah , 3Berdikari, 4ScAlfa , 4ScGamma

and 5ScAlfa in Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Seri Bintang

Utara do exercise. From the pie chart it is clear that most of

the students do exercise once a week. There are 12 students

that do exercise three times a week which is the highest

amount of doing exercise according to the pie chart. There

are 1 student that does exercise once a month, and 2

students who never do exercise

 Question 7 : How many hours
do you sleep on an average night?
The chart above is about how many hours do students

from 3Amanah , 3Berdikari, 4ScAlfa , 4ScGamma and

5ScAlfa in Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Seri Bintang

Utara sleep on an average night . The highest amount of

hours sleep on an average night are between 8-9 hours .

There are 16 students who sleep that amount of hours per

night . There are 11 students who sleep less than 7 hours on

an average night . There are 2 students sleep 9-11 hours per

night while only 1 student sleep more than 11 hours .

 Question 8: What would you do
to keep your heart healthy?
The chart above is about what will students from

3Amanah, 3Berdikari, 4ScAlfa, 4ScGamma and 5ScAlfa

in Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Seri Bintang Utara do

to keep their heart healthy. All the student chooses to

exercise occasionally for their healthy heart. The are 29

students who choose to eat according to the food

pyramid and none of them choose to play online games.

 Question 9. Do you have any of
the following health problems?
The chart above shows the health problems that students

facing in their lifestyle in a day from 3Amanah, 3Berdikari,

4ScAlfa, 4ScGamma and 5ScAlfa in Sekolah Menengah

Kebangsaan Seri Bintang Utara. According to the bar chart

below, 30 students (100%) are not having any health issues

such as diabetes, obesity, blood pressure. Therefore, students

of SMK Seri Bintang Utara are living a good lifestyle without any

other chronic diseases and health issues. Apparently, the

students of the school are doing regular exercise everyday and

eating healthy good food according to the food pyramid.

 Question 10. Do any your family
members have a history of obesity?

The chart above is about students of 3Amanah, 3Berdikari,

4ScAlfa, 4ScGamma, and 5ScAlfa in Sekolah Menengah

Kebangsaan Seri Bintang Utara family history of obesity. Majority of

the students have family history of obesity. There are 27 students

who do not have family history of obesity but 3 students have family

history of obesity.

Options Students

Yes 3

No 27
Question 11. Are you satisfied with
your lifestyle?

Based on the pie chart above, most students

from 3Amanah, 3Berdikari, 4ScAlfa, 4ScGamma

and 5ScAlfa in Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan

Seri Bintang Utara are satisfied with their current

lifestyle. A number of 24 students are satisfied with

their lifestyle while a number of 6 students are not

satisfied with their lifestyle.

.
Question 12. If your answer for the previous question was
“Not satisfied” then how do you plan to change your
lifestyle? If your answer was “Satisfied” then leave a (-) in
the space below.

The bar chart above shows how students

from 3Amanah, 3Berdikari, 4ScAlfa,

4ScGamma and 5ScAlfa in Sekolah Menengah

Kebangsaan Seri Bintang Utara plan on

changing their lifestyle. 5 students plan on

changing their lifestyle by exercising more and

one person plan to sleep more to change their

lifestyle.
THANK YOU !