The document discusses the differences between bacteria and viruses. It states that the learning objective is to analyze the differences between bacteria and viruses, and explain the pros and cons of both. It lists key words related to bacteria, viruses, cells, and their functions. It also outlines three points that will be covered: defining what a cell is, explaining the differences between bacterial and viral cells, and analyzing the importance of bacteria and viruses in everyday life.
The document discusses the differences between bacteria and viruses. It states that the learning objective is to analyze the differences between bacteria and viruses, and explain the pros and cons of both. It lists key words related to bacteria, viruses, cells, and their functions. It also outlines three points that will be covered: defining what a cell is, explaining the differences between bacterial and viral cells, and analyzing the importance of bacteria and viruses in everyday life.
The document discusses the differences between bacteria and viruses. It states that the learning objective is to analyze the differences between bacteria and viruses, and explain the pros and cons of both. It lists key words related to bacteria, viruses, cells, and their functions. It also outlines three points that will be covered: defining what a cell is, explaining the differences between bacterial and viral cells, and analyzing the importance of bacteria and viruses in everyday life.
The document discusses the differences between bacteria and viruses. It states that the learning objective is to analyze the differences between bacteria and viruses, and explain the pros and cons of both. It lists key words related to bacteria, viruses, cells, and their functions. It also outlines three points that will be covered: defining what a cell is, explaining the differences between bacterial and viral cells, and analyzing the importance of bacteria and viruses in everyday life.
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How are bacteria and viruses different
Learning Objective: to analyse the difference between
bacteria and viruses and explain the pros and cons of both.
State what a cell is.
Explain the difference between bacterial and viral cells.
Analyse the importance of bacteria and viruses in our everyday life.
Key words Bacteria Virus Cell Host Function Biodiversity cv
Are they all
cells? The cell (from Latin cella, meaning "small room") is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all known organisms. A cell is the smallest unit of life. Cells are often called the "building blocks of life". The study of cells is called cell biology, cellular biology, or cytology. How are bacteria and viruses different Learning Objective: to analyse the difference between bacteria and viruses and explain the pros and cons of both.
State what a cell is.
Explain the difference between bacterial and viral cells.
Analyse the importance of bacteria and viruses in our everyday life.
Key words Bacteria Virus Cell Host Function Biodiversity ribosomes
Why do plants have cell walls and we don’t? Why do plants have chloroplasts and we don’t? Why do plants have a vacuole and we don’t? How are bacteria and viruses Objective- State what a cell is. Cells different Tick the boxes for plant and animal cells. Extension- write a sentence describing what each part of cell does. Part of cell Animal cell Plant cells Ext: What does it do ? Nucleus Cell membrane Cytoplasm Cell wall Chloroplast Mitochondria Ribosomes Vacuole Cell structure Function.
Nucleus Contains genetic material, including DNA, which
controls the cell's activities. It is permeable to some substances but not to others Cell membrane and so controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
A jelly-like material that contains dissolved nutrients
Cytoplasm and salts and structures called organelles. It is where many of the chemical reactions happen.
Cell wall Provides structure and support to the cell to the cell.
Work to convert light energy of the Sun into sugars that can Chloroplasts be used by cells. Photosynthesis and it all depends on the little green chlorophyll molecules in each chloroplast.
Mitochondria Provide the cell with energy.
Ribosome Create new proteins in the cell.
Vacuole Filled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid. Feature Eukaryotic cell (plant, protist, Prokaryotic cell (bacterial cell) animal and fungal cell) Size Most are 5 μm – 100 μm Most are 0.2 μm – 2.0 μm Outer layers of cell Cell membrane. Surrounded by Cell membrane. Surrounded by cell wall in plants and fungi. cell wall. Cytoplasm. Cell organelles Cytoplasm. Ribosomes present. Cell contents include mitochondria, There are no mitochondria or chloroplasts in plants and chloroplasts. ribosomes. DNA in a nucleus. Plasmids are DNA is a single molecule, found Genetic material found in a few simple eukaryotic free in the cytoplasm. Additional DNA is found on one organisms. or more rings called plasmids. Type of cell division Mitosis Binary fission
That plant and animal cells are eukaryotic cells, which make up eukaryotic organisms, and that bacterial cells are prokaryotic cells, which are much smaller than eukaryotic cells. Key words:
Membranes Light Prokaryotic Electron
Bacterial cells
Bacteria are different from animal and plant cells. They are all single-celled. The cells are all ____________ . This means they do not have a nucleus or any other structures which are surrounded by ___________. Larger bacterial cells may be visible using a _______ microscope, however an _________ microscope would be needed to see the details of the cell organelles. Covid-19 is the name we use for the disease but it is not actually correct. The real name is Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2”, or SARS-CoV-2. Their reason for the name is because the virus is genetically related to the one that caused the SARS outbreak in 2003.
However WHO have said they will not use the term SARS (or SARS-CoV-2) when communicating with the public because it could have “unintended consequences in terms of creating unnecessary fear for some populations, especially in Asia which was worst affected by the SARS outbreak in 2003.” As is often the case in the scientific world, coronavirus’ name is Latin. In the ancient language, corona means crown. How are bacteria and viruses different Learning Objective: to analyse the difference between bacteria and viruses and explain the pros and cons of both.
State what a cell is.
Explain the difference between bacterial and viral cells.
Analyse the importance of bacteria and viruses in our everyday life.
Key words Bacteria Virus Cell Host Function Biodiversity Kill the bad ones We don’t want to kill them all Killing the bad ones NO! Viruses are mostly known for their aggressive and infectious nature.
It's true, most viruses are bad for us – causing diseases ranging from a mild cold to serious conditions like severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).
But they're not all bad. Some viruses can actually kill bacteria, while others can fight against more dangerous viruses. So like protective bacteria (probiotics), we have several protective viruses in our body.
Viral infections at a young age are important to ensure the proper
development of our immune systems. How are bacteria and viruses different Learning Objective: to analyse the difference between bacteria and viruses and explain the pros and cons of both.
State what a cell is.
Explain the difference between bacterial and viral cells.
Analyse the importance of bacteria and viruses in our everyday life.
Key words Bacteria Virus Cell Host Function Biodiversity Pathogen
A pathogen is a microorganism that causes a disease.
There are four main types of pathogen:
Pathogen Example in animals Example in plants
Viruses HIV potentially leading to AIDS Tobacco mosaic virus Bacteria Salmonella Agrobacterium Fungi Athlete's foot Rose black spot Protists Malaria Downy mildew What's the difference? Virus Fungi Bacteria Protozoa (vectors) Bacteria Virus Fungi Protista
Size Small 1/100th the size Smallest 1/100th the Visible usually single Larger than bacteria. of body cells size of bacteria celled.
Prokaryote or Prokaryote Prokaryote Eukaryote Eukaryote
eukaryote
Example Salmonella HIV potentially leading Athlete's foot Malaria
to AIDS We have two types of disease: communicable vs. Non- communicable diseases
• Communicable diseases are infectious diseases caused by pathogens.
• Non-communicable diseases are not infectious.
Cancer Covid-19 Heart AIDS disease TB Anaemia Flu Diabetes Lung disease How are they spread? 1. Through Contaminated F _ _ d
2. Passed by another Ani_ _ l
3. Through dirty W_ _ er
4. Through the A _ r
5. By direct physical Conta_ _
1. Through Contaminated Food
2. Passed by another Animal
3. Through dirty Water
4. Through the Air
5. By direct physical Contact
Pathogens get past our natural defences and enter our body
DIVIDE
Pathogens start to divide rapidly
DIVIDE DIVIDE
But why do more pathogens
in our body result in us being more sick? Pathogens release toxins into our body which make the body feel unwell. More pathogens More toxins More unwell What can we do to stop antibiotic resistance spreading? List the diseases against which you have been immunised ? Measles, mumps, rubella, COVID, Flu? DNA RNA Proteins DNA would be RNA would be an Protein would be the your phone. app on your phone. activity in the app. The body then makes lots of the spikes which stimulates Giving RNA vaccines is essentially like an immune response and lets giving an app to your phone. You give the body fight the virus. your body an app in the form of RNA, which makes proteins. The proteins are the spikes that are found on Corona virus. How do vaccines work? Herd immunity
• If most people in a population have a vaccination, then even if a small
number of people become infected the disease is not likely to spread. This is called herd immunity. • The reverse is also true. If few people have a vaccine and a small number become infected the disease will spread much more quickly.
Vaccination creates herd immunity. However, letting a disease spread and
letting people recover doesn’t. Because allowing a virus to duplicate gives rise to a risk that it may mutate and become stronger and more resistant.
