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Chapter 3: "One Past But Many Histories": Controversies and Conflicting Views in Philippine History"

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catherine dechosa

The document discusses several controversial topics in Philippine history: 1) The site of the first mass in the Philippines, which took place on March 31, 1521 led by Father Pedro de Valderrama near the shores of an island, marking the beginning of Roman Catholicism. 2) The retraction of Jose Rizal, the national hero of the Philippines, whose retraction document surfaced after his execution and is still debated in terms of its authenticity. 3) The Cry of Pugad Lawin, also known as the Cry of Balintawak, which began the Philippine Revolution against Spanish rule in August 1896 when members of the secret Katipunan society led by Andres

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Chapter 3: "One Past But Many Histories": Controversies and Conflicting Views in Philippine History"

Uploaded by

catherine dechosa
42 views10 pages
The document discusses several controversial topics in Philippine history: 1) The site of the first mass in the Philippines, which took place on March 31, 1521 led by Father Pedro de Valderrama near the shores of an island, marking the beginning of Roman Catholicism. 2) The retraction of Jose Rizal, the national hero of the Philippines, whose retraction document surfaced after his execution and is still debated in terms of its authenticity. 3) The Cry of Pugad Lawin, also known as the Cry of Balintawak, which began the Philippine Revolution against Spanish rule in August 1896 when members of the secret Katipunan society led by Andres

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The document discusses several controversial topics in Philippine history: 1) The site of the first mass in the Philippines, which took place on March 31, 1521 led by Father Pedro de Valderrama near the shores of an island, marking the beginning of Roman Catholicism. 2) The retraction of Jose Rizal, the national hero of the Philippines, whose retraction document surfaced after his execution and is still debated in terms of its authenticity. 3) The Cry of Pugad Lawin, also known as the Cry of Balintawak, which began the Philippine Revolution against Spanish rule in August 1896 when members of the secret Katipunan society led by Andres

Copyright:

© All Rights Reserved
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42 views10 pages

Chapter 3: "One Past But Many Histories": Controversies and Conflicting Views in Philippine History"

Uploaded by

catherine dechosa
The document discusses several controversial topics in Philippine history: 1) The site of the first mass in the Philippines, which took place on March 31, 1521 led by Father Pedro de Valderrama near the shores of an island, marking the beginning of Roman Catholicism. 2) The retraction of Jose Rizal, the national hero of the Philippines, whose retraction document surfaced after his execution and is still debated in terms of its authenticity. 3) The Cry of Pugad Lawin, also known as the Cry of Balintawak, which began the Philippine Revolution against Spanish rule in August 1896 when members of the secret Katipunan society led by Andres

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CHAPTER 3: “ONE PAST

BUT MANY HISTORIES”:


CONTROVERSIES AND
CONFLICTING VIEWS IN
Click to add text
PHILIPPINE HISTORY”
a. The Site of the First Mass in
the Philippines 

b. Cavite Mutiny 

c. Retraction of Jose Rizal

d. Cry of  Pugadlawin
A. THE SITE OF THE
FIRST MASS IN THE
PHILIPPINES
   The First Mass in the
→mutinies, desertions, and battles with scurvy,
Philippines1521In Suluan, south of
Samar, a small boat with around nine Magellan with his half-starved crew dropped
men approached the stangers that had anchor at Suluan, after which they moved on to
wandered into their waters. Used to
Limasawa where the ruler of Butuan, Rajah
having traders come to their shores, the
people gave fish, a jar of palm wine Kolambu, received them. On Easter Sunday, 31
(alak), bananas, and coconuts in March 1521, Fr. Pedro de Valederrama celebrated
exchange for the strangers’ red caps, the first mass in the Philippines.The intensive
mirrors, combs, bells, and other such
items.These strangers were mostly Christianization process of the island would start
Europeans who came under the Spanish only with the coming of the Legazpi expedition
flag. Their leader, Ferdinand Magellan, in 1565, which brought the first missionaries, the
a Portuguese seaman, had appeared in
the Spanish court in 1518 with a Agustinians. Missionaries from the other orders
strange proposal; to reach the wealth would follow: Franciscans (1578), Jesuits (1581),
and spices of the east by sailing Dominicans (1587), and the Agustinian
west.King Charles took to the project
Recollects (1606).
with lively interest and after a year’s
preparations, 19 months at sea, series
What is the main idea of the first
mass in the Philippines On March
31, 1521, an Easter Sunday,
Magellan ordered a Mass to be
celebrated which was officiated by
Father Pedro Valderrama, the
Andalusian chaplain of the fleet, the
only priest then. Conducted near the
shores of the island, the First Holy
Mass marked the birth of Roman
Catholicism in the Philippines.
B. CAVITE
MUNITY
Analysis Rizal's Retraction At least four texts of Rizal’s retraction have
surfaced. The fourth text appeared in El Impartial on the day after Rizal’s
execution; it is the short formula of the retraction. The first text was published
in La Voz Española and Diaro de Manila on the very day of Rizal’s execution,
Dec. 30, 1896. The second text appeared in Barcelona, Spain, on February 14,
1897, in the fortnightly magazine in La Juventud; it came from an anonymous
writer who revealed himself fourteen years later as Fr. Balaguer. The "original"
text was discovered in the archdiocesan archives on May 18, 1935, after it
disappeared for thirty-nine years from the afternoon of the day when Rizal was
shot. We know not that reproductions of the lost original had been made by a
copyist who could imitate Rizal’s handwriting. This fact is revealed by Fr.
Balaguer himself who, in his letter to his former superior Fr. Pio Pi in 1910,
said that he had received an exact copy of the retraction written and signed by
Rizal. 
 C. The document of the retraction of Jose Rizal, too, is being hotly debated as
to its authenticity. It was supposed to have been signed by Jose Rizal moments
before his death. There were many witnesses, most of them Jesuits. The
document only surfaced for public viewing on May 13, 1935.
D. THE CRY OF PUGAD
LAWIN
(Filipino language: Sigaw ng Pugad Lawin), alternately and
originally referred to as the Cry of Balintawak (Filipino
language: Sigaw ng Balintawak, Spanish: Grito de
Balintawak ) was the beginning of the Philippine Revolution
against Spanish rule. At the close of August 1896, members
of the Katipunan secret society (Katipuneros) led by Andres
Bonifacio rose up in revolt somewhere in an area referred to
as Kalookan, wider than the jurisdiction of present-day
Caloocan City and overlapping into present-day Quezon
City. The “Cry of Pugad Lawin” was an event that officially
marked the start of the Philippine Revolution against Spain.

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