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Consumer and Industrial Chemistry

This document discusses oils and fats. It explains that oils and fats are esters produced through a reaction between fatty acids and glycerol. Fatty acids involved have long carbon chains and examples include palmitic, stearic, and linoleic acids. An esterification reaction between fatty acids and glycerol forms a fat molecule. Oils contain more unsaturated fats while fats contain more saturated fats. Unsaturated fats can be hydrogenated to form saturated fats. Oils and fats have many uses including in biofuels, nutrition, soaps, personal care products, and animal feeds. Excess consumption can contribute to heart problems and obesity.

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90 views13 pages

Consumer and Industrial Chemistry

This document discusses oils and fats. It explains that oils and fats are esters produced through a reaction between fatty acids and glycerol. Fatty acids involved have long carbon chains and examples include palmitic, stearic, and linoleic acids. An esterification reaction between fatty acids and glycerol forms a fat molecule. Oils contain more unsaturated fats while fats contain more saturated fats. Unsaturated fats can be hydrogenated to form saturated fats. Oils and fats have many uses including in biofuels, nutrition, soaps, personal care products, and animal feeds. Excess consumption can contribute to heart problems and obesity.

Uploaded by

fullen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Consumer and

Industrial Chemistry
MADE BY FULLENYWIN
-5 MAJU 2021
5.1 OILS AND FATS
Oils and fats are esters produced through the reaction
between fatty acids and glycerol(propane-1,2,3-triol)

Fatty acids Alcohol Ester + H20


(carboxylic acid) + (Glycerol) Propane 1,2,3-triol
Fatty acids

fatty acids involved in Examples of fatty acid:


Have very long chain
the esterification palmitic acid, stearic
(12-18 carbon)
reactions with glycerol acid and linoleic acid.
An esterification reaction between fatty acids with
glycerol to form fat

The reaction between one


•

glycerol molecule and three


fatty acid molecules forms one
fat molecule.
R1, R2 and R3 represent the parts
of hydrocarbon chains in fatty
acids and fats. R1, R2 and R3 can
either be identical or different.
Oils vs Fats
Saturated fats and unsaturated fats

Saturated fats Unsaturated fats


Contains saturated fatty acids Contains unsaturated fatty acids
 ex: oleic acid, linoleic acid and
 ex: palmitic acid, lauric acid linolenic acid.
and stearic acid Have at least one double bond in carbon
Only have in single covalent chain
bond in carbon chain The presence of double bonds causes
unsaturated fats to have low melting
points and exist as liquid
Conversion of unsaturated fats and saturated fats

o Oils consists of a high percentage of saturated fats


o Unsaturated fats saturated fats ( hydrogenation reaction)
o Unsaturated fats + H2 nickel (catalyst) saturated fats/oils
• The double bond in the carbon chain
is “opened” and the hydrogen atoms, H are added to the carbon chain
• The addition of hydrogen atoms to the carbon chain causes the
molecular mass to increase that leads to the increase in the melting
point and boiling point
Hydrogenation reaction of unsaturated fat to saturated fat
Uses of oils and fats in life

Soap and personal care


Biofuel Nutritional source
-main ingredients in soap
-produces biofuel(biodiesel), -supply energy to body
making
used by vehicles with diesel -helps body to absorb
engines -utilizes oils in skin care
vitamins (ADEK)
productions

Animal feeds
-manufacture feeds forcattle
to fulfill their nutitional
needs
Excessive intake in our diet can
contribute to heart related
problems,not to mentioned body
weight issues and obesity.

The risk for arteriosclerosis or


hardening of the arteries is higher if
excessive fat intakes are sorced from
animal or saturated fat
Cleaning agents

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