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Semiconductor Diode Basics

Here are the key points in response to your questions: 1. A diode is a two-terminal electronic component that allows current to flow easily in only one direction. 2. When the breakdown voltage is applied in the reverse biased condition, the depletion layer breaks down and allows a large current to suddenly flow in the reverse direction through the diode junction. 3. In a real world diode, there is a sudden current rise when the forward voltage exceeds the knee voltage. This is because above the knee voltage, the depletion layer width decreases rapidly, allowing majority carriers to easily flow and cause a sharp increase in current.

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160 views16 pages

Semiconductor Diode Basics

Here are the key points in response to your questions: 1. A diode is a two-terminal electronic component that allows current to flow easily in only one direction. 2. When the breakdown voltage is applied in the reverse biased condition, the depletion layer breaks down and allows a large current to suddenly flow in the reverse direction through the diode junction. 3. In a real world diode, there is a sudden current rise when the forward voltage exceeds the knee voltage. This is because above the knee voltage, the depletion layer width decreases rapidly, allowing majority carriers to easily flow and cause a sharp increase in current.

Uploaded by

Arif Istiaq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

CHITTAGONG UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING &

TECHNOLOGY

Semiconductor Diode
(Lecture no:3)

Prepared By : Presented To :
Priyanti Paul Tumpa Nursadul Mamun
ID NO:1508003 Lecturer,ETE,CUET

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering


Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology

Page no:1
Contents :
1. Introduction
2. Diode Construction
3. Biasing
4.Voltage conditions
5. V-I characteristics graph
6.Knee voltage & breakdown voltage
7. Summary
8.Applications
INTRODUCTION
Diode :
A Diode is a two terminal electronic component that
conducts primarily in one direction. It works as an electrical
rectifier.

Fig.1: A Simple Diode


Construction of a Semiconductor Diode :

Fig 2: Construction of semiconductor diode

As the name goes, a diode has “di” or two semiconductor parts ( one
of P type and another of N type ) joined by a formation process. It
forms a depletion layer that controls the characteristics of the
diode itself.
Biasing :
Using alternate currents, the method of starting or stopping the flow of
Electricity through a diode, using it’s semiconductor characteristics, is known
as biasing.

There are two bias states:


1. Forward Bias.
2. Reverse Bias.
Voltage Conditions:

a) When V=0 :
electrons and holes will combine.
uncovered (+) & (-) ions will create depletion layer.
the net flow of charge Page
in one direction is zero.
no:13

Fig.3: Diode when v=0


b) At V>0:

The positive terminal is connected to p-type &


the negative terminal is connected to n-type
Forward bias is established.
Decrease the width of depletion layer.
Electron can pass through the junction.
Page no:13

Fig.4: Diode connection when v>0


C) At V<0:

The number of uncovered (-) ions will increase in p


type material & number of uncovered (+) ions will
increase in n type material.
Increase the width of deplation layer.
Reverse bias is applied.
The widening depletion layer will reduce the majority
career flow to zero.
Little current will flow by the minority carrier.
Fig.5: Diode connection when v<0
Fig.6:V-I characteristic graph
Knee voltage:
The forward voltage at which the current through
the PN junction starts increasing rapidly is known as
knee voltage.

Breakdown voltage:
The breakdown voltage is the minimum reverse
voltage that makes the diode conduct in reverse.
SUMMARY:

1. At v=0; no voltage, no current, only creates


depletion layer.

2.At v>0; current will flow by majority carrier.

3.At v<0; current will not flow by the majority carrier.


But a little current will flow by the minority carrier.
Application of diode
1.Radio Demodulation
2.Power Conversion
3.Over-Voltage Protection
4.Logic Gates
5.Inonizing Radiation Detectors
6.Temperature Measurements
7.Current Steering
8.Waveform Clipper
9.Clamper
QUESTION?????
Questions:

1. What is diode?
2. What happens when the breakdown
voltage is applied?
3. Why is there a sudden current rise when
a real world diode is used?

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