LIGHT
EMITTING
POLYMER
SUBMITTED BY
AKANSHA
TRIPATHI
INDEX
INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS LEP?
Construction
Ink Jet Printing
Active and passive matrix
Basic principle and technology
Light emission
ADVANTAGES
DISADVATAGES
APPLICATIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
THANKS.
INTRODUCTION
In 1990, LEP was born at Cambridge
University UK by researchers.
Full color LEP driven displays are efficient
brighter and easier to manufacture.
What is LEP?
It is a polymer which emits light when
voltage is applied to it.
Thin film of semiconducting
polymer sandwiched
between two electrodes.
Cont…..
Recombination of the electrons and holes
leads to the emission of light.
Band gap determines the color of light
emitted.
Construction
Indium-tin oxide used for anode and
aluminum and calcium for cathode.
Single-layered
device work
only under
forward
biased DC.
Cont…..
symmetrically configured works under AC as
well as DC(reversed and forward)
Spin coating machine is used for
manufacturing
Ink jet printing
Red, green and blue polymers are jetted into well
defined areas.
Flim thickness has to be uniform to display
uniform emission.
Active and passive matrix
Color display are formed by positioning
matrix of red, green and blue pixels.
To control the pixels passive
and active drivers are used.
Cont…
Active display have transducers and in
passive matrix each row and each column has
its own driver.
Passive display are prone to flickering but
they are used where cheap and simple
displays are required.
Basic principle and technology
Single C-C bond consist of two electrons
shared in overlapping wave functions.
Spherical s-orbital and p-orbital
form four equal unsymmetrical ,
tetrahedral, oriented hybridized
sp^3 orbital.
Cont….
A band formed by overlap of these
hybridized orbitals from two carbon atom is
referred to as sigma bond.
Conjugated pi-bond refers to a carbon ring
whose bond alternate between single and
double bond.
Light emission
Electroluminescence is process in which
electromagnetic radiation is emitted from
material when electric current is passed
through it.
Conduction in polymer is not same as in
metals.
Advantages
Require only 3.3 volts and have lifetime of more
than 30,000 hours.
Low power consumption.
Self luminous.
No viewing angle dependence.
Display fast moving images with optimum clarity.
Cost much less to manufacture and to run than
CRTs because the active material is plastic.
Can be scaled to any dimension.
Cont…..
Fast switching speeds that are typical of LEDs.
No environmental draw backs.
No power in take when switched off.
All colors of the visible spectrum are possible
by appropriate choose of polymers.
Simple to use technology than conventional
solid state LEDs and lasers.
Very slim flat panel.
Disadvantages
vulnerable to shorts due to contamination of
substrate surface by dust.
Voltage drops.
Mechanically fragile.
Potential not yet realized.
Application
Photovoltaics
Polymer semiconductor is used to develop
efficient solar cells and light detector.
polyLED
Philipswill demonstrate its first
polyLED based prototype based
on organic light
emitting diode technology.
Cont….
Baby phone
Uses the light emitting diode to respond the
baby’s activity.
Mp3 display player
Conclusions
Organic material are being used to transform
the display technology.
Using light emitting diodes organic full color
displays may replace LEDs in laptop and
even desktop computers.
Such display can be deposited on flexible
coils eliminating fragile and heavy glass
substrates used in LCDs.
First products using organic display is
already in market.
References
www.cdtltd.co.uk
www.research.philips.com
www.covion.com
IEEE JOURNAL
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