MODULE 4
EPAS/ELECTRONICS
BRIEF INTRODUCTION
To maintain and repair a washing machine, be sure you understand how the washing machine
operates. If possible, read the operator’s manual first for its function and additional features.
Perform preliminary inspection to locate where the problem has originated. To determine what the
problem is, use the appropriate instrument in the initial testing of the appliance. (With the aid of the
ohmmeter, connect the test prods to the AC plug, turn on the timer switch and observe the pointer of
the ohmmeter. If resistance is observed, the powerline, as well as the motor, is in good
condition. If the pointer did not move it means an open circuit.). Plan your approach to
repair the problem.
There are a variety of washing machine models, each with its features. However, most
operate in the same manner and can be diagnosed and repaired by applying the
suggestions that follow.
In this module, you will be guided on how to maintain regularly, replace parts if
necessary, and manually check your washing machine. Safety measures must also be
considered in repairing based on international standards and procedures. Proper use of
tools and electronic equipment must also be given emphasis.
How does a washing machine work?
Today's washing machines work with the same principle as these original washing machines. Loosen dirt
from clothes and linens with soap and water, rinse and squeeze out as much water as possible. Modern washing
machines, though are almost completely automated
REMEMBER
Maintenance of Washing Machine Steps
Turn off the washing machine and remove the cord from the source of voltage.
Apply lubricant to mechanical parts of the washing machine that requires lubrication through a drop of oil or
grease to assure smooth operation without grinding or squeaks.
Replace the bushings or end bells for squeaks with the use of appropriate tools if squeaks cannot be corrected by
applying lubricants.
Apply or spray anti-rust lubricants to all mechanical parts of the washing machine to drive out moisture, protect
corrosion, loosen rusted metal parts, and even frees the sticky mechanism.
Clean and check cooling louvers for any obstructions to avoid cutting off the airflow.
Clean or wipe dust and foreign particles at the PC Board and metal parts of the motor.
Replace worn or frayed AC cord and electrical wires.
Cleaning Instructions Steps
Use mild soap and damp cloth or rug when cleaning the plastic front panel and cover. They are susceptible to immediate and long-term damage
from solvents.
Apply denatured alcohol as the safest solvent to use for the plastic front panel and cover with heavy stain. It should be used only as a last resort
and apply to areas with heavy stains.
Procedure in Repairing a Washing Machine
1.Once the specific electrical/mechanical problem is located:
consider the techniques for the proper removal of the defective component or parts;
anticipate what to do if the replacement part does not correct the problem;
and check the installation of the replacement or original part for any improper mounting in the mechanical
assembly or circuit board.
2.Examine carefully the mounting of the replacement of original parts of the system.
Check the placement of the wires or leads of the replacement component.
Consider significant factors used in the original installation such as insulating washer, silicon grease, and locating mark
for pin connections.
Observe proper placement of the component leads for electrical parts.
3.Perform the techniques for the proper soldering of electrical parts.
Be careful not to damage adjacent components.
Be careful not to lift the copper conductive path from the circuit board base material.
Avoid any solder bridges between board paths.
Do not destroy the component being removed in case it is still functional and be careful not to damage the component
being installed.
4.Verify all connections and harness.
Be sure that all components are pre-positioned in a manner that will avoid the possibility of having adjacent components
short-circuited.
Be sure to check or inspect all insulators and barriers between sections after working on any model/brand of the washing
machine.
Check for frayed or broken insulation on all wiring including the AC line cord.
Be sure to replace fuses, resistors, and capacitors with a special designation such as flameproof to components equal to the
original value for both safety and liability purposes.
5.Once the repair is completed, perform an AC leakage test on all exposed metal parts of a washing machine to
eliminate the possibility of electric shock.
Perform complete retesting of the washing machine to ensure the correctness of the actual repair.
SYMPTOM: Washer is not energized. SYMPTOM: Abnormal Noise and Vibration
POSSIBLE PROCEDURE CORRECTIVE MEASURE POSSIBLE PROCEDURE CORRECTIVE
DEFECT DEFECT MEASURE
Power cord Check the continuity of the power Replace the power cord if Friction Unplug the unit from the power source. Tighten screw.
cord using an ohmmeter. necessary between Turn the pulsator clockwise (CW) and
Fuse Check the continuity of the fuse Replace the fuse if necessary pulsator and counter-clockwise (CCW) and check the
using an ohmmeter. washtub tightness of the screw.
Timer Check for the continuity of the timer Replace timer if necessary Check the pulsator for misalignment or
using an ohmmeter. deformed spline. Replace pulsator
SYMPTOM: Washer is energized but not spinning. Presence of Check for unnecessary materials in Remove foreign material/s
POSSIBLE PROCEDURE CORRECTIVE MEASURE foreign matter between the pulsator and washtub. with care.
DEFECT
Over tightened Check the belt for its tightness. If too Adjust the wash motor
Starting Check the condition of the capacitor Replace starting capacitor if
belt tight, loosen the two nuts of the wash accordingly.
capacitor using an ohmmeter. necessary
motor before adjustment.
Disconnected Check the continuity of the capacitor Replace/reconnect capacitor
capacitor wiring using an ohmmeter. wiring if necessary
Broken belt Check the size/ specification of the Replace belt SYMPTOM: Pulsator doesn’t rotate normally.
belt for replacement. POSSIBLE PROCEDURE CORRECTIVE MEASURE
DEFECT
Loose belt Check the fitness of the belt from the Adjust the motor alignment
motor to the pulley. to tighten the belt, if
necessary replace the belt.
Adjust the motor
Check the motor fixing screw/nut. accordingly with the belt.
Gearbox Unplug the unit from the power source. Replace the gearbox.
assembly Turn the pulsator clockwise (CW) and
counter-clockwise (CCW) and see if the
pulley responds accordingly. If not, the
assembly is defective.
Timer Turn on the washing machine and observe Replace the timer.
the interval of motor rotation (CW/CCW).
If the interval is not normal, a timer is
defective.
Choose the letter of what is being described or asked in each item. Then, write the letter of your choice
on a separate sheet of paper.
1.A turning knob is used to set the washing function to the desired setting.
A.Wash Timer B. Sensor C. Buzzer D. Power controller
2.What is the possible trouble if the washer is energized but not spinning?
A.Power cord B. Timer Knob
C. Starting capacitor D. Selector switch
3.This part of the washing machine is used to connect the motor pulley to the pulsator.
A.Motor B. Power Cord
C. Belt D. Timer Knob
4.What is the first step in the maintenance procedure?
A.Unplug before cleaning the unit B. Use cleaning detergent
C. Soak in water D. Remove crumbs regularly
5.It is used to connect the appliance to the power source.
A.Power cord B. Timer knob
C. Drum D. Power switch
6.Troubleshooting a washing machine includes the following tools and equipment, except.
A.Pliers B. Multitester C. Screwdriver D. Pipe wrench
7.What is the possible trouble of a washing machine if there is abnormal noise during operation?
A.Pulsator B. foreign matter inside the tub C. Motor D. Timer Knob
How can you determine the power capacity of a washing machine?
A.As indicated in the service manuals B. As indicated in the specifications C. As indicated in the operation manual D. All of them
8.How can you determine the power capacity of a washing machine?
A.As indicated in the service manuals B. As indicated in the specifications
C. As indicated in the operation manual D. All of them
9.During repair operations, you notice that the power indicator does not light up, what is the possible problem?
A. Power source B. Busted Lamp
C. Blown fuse D. All of them
10.What is the possible defect of a washing machine if the washer is not energized?
A.Top cover B. Timer knob
C. Fuse D. Driving belt
