Good day, I am Romizzelle G.
P
eñafiel, a Teacher from Ca
banatuan City Senior High Sch
ool.
Your teacher presenter for
Teleturuan.
Today, we will talk about Fossil
Fuels
FOSSIL FUELS
At the end of the lesson, you
are expected to:
1 .Define fossil fuels
2 .Describe how fossil fuels
are formed
Voice Over
Let us define
first fossil fuels
What are Fossil Fuels?
Fossil Fuels are
non-renewable e
nergy resources
that formed when prehistoric
plants and animals died and
were gradually burie
d by layers of rock over
millions of years ago.
What are Fossil Fuels?
• Fossil fuels are made of hy
drocarbons (contain
carbon and hydrogens).
Voice Over
Fossil fuels provide electricity,
heat, and transportation.
They are used to feed the
processes that make a huge
range of products, from steel
to plastics.
Voice Over
Fossil fuels are found in
almost every product we
use daily. The products
produced by fossil fuels are
essential to our daily lives.
Fossil Fuels
Voice Over
• The process of burning a
fuel is called combustio
n.
• Fuel + Oxygen will yield
Carbon Dioxide + Water
Combustion
Voice Over
The three major fossil
fuels are coal, oil and
natural gas.
Voice Over
Coal is a combustible,
sedimentary, organic r
ock, which is composed m
ainly of carbon, hydrogen
and oxygen.
COAL
Coal is formed from vegetation, which
has been consolidated between other
rock strata and altered by the
combined effects of pressure and
heat over millions of years to form
coal seams.
Voice Over
There are four
types of coals.
TYPES OF COAL
1. Lignite or Brown Coal
• The lowest
quality of coal.
• It has high
moisture content
and low carbon
content
TYPES OF COAL
2. Sub-bituminous Coal
• A grey-black or dark
brown coal.
• It is medium soft.
TYPES OF COAL
3. Bituminous Coal
• The second highest
quality of coal.
• With a carbon
content that
ranges from 76-
86%.
• It is the most
TYPES OF COAL
4. Anthracite Coal
• The highest quality
coal (burns slowly).
• It is very hard, has
a low moisture
content, and a
carbon content of
nearly 95%.
Voice Over
38% of the world's
electricity and 71% of t
he world's steel is produce
d using coal.
COAL SEAMS
These are some of the
world's largest and
thickest coal
seams
(Wyoming)
There you have it. Please
stay tuned for more
discussion on our lesso
n about fossil fuels.
We’ll be right back.
Welcome back to
Teleturuan
Let us continue
Voice Over
Crude oil, a liquid composed
mainly of carbon and
hydrogen, is often
black, but exists in a variety
of colors and viscosities
depending on its chemical
composition.
OIL
Voice Over
• When oil is first pumped out
of the ground, it is called
crude oil.
• Then, it is sent to a refinery
where different parts of the
crude oil are separated into
useable petroleum products
.
OIL
Crude oil is also known as
Petroleum.
Voice Over
Petroleum Products
include gasoline, diesel fuel
and heating oil, jet fuel,
petrochemical feed stocks,
waxes, lubricating oils, and
asphalt.
Petroleum Products
Voice Over
Natural gas is an odorless gas
composed primarily of
methane, natural gas often lies
in deposits that, like those for
coal and oil, formed millions of
years ago from decaying plant
matter and organisms.
NATURAL GAS
Natural Gas
The largest
component of
natural gas is
methane, a
compound with
one carbon atom
and four hydrogen
atoms (CH4).
Voice Over
Natural gas is an ingredient used to
manufacture a wide range of
chemicals such as antifreeze,
ammonia, methanol, butane, ethane,
propane, and acetic acid.
Natural Gas Products
Voice Over
So how do oil and
natural gas form?
Voice Over
Millions to hundreds of millions
of years ago and over long
periods of time, the remains of
plants and animals (such as
diatoms) built up in thick layers
on the earth’s surface and
ocean floors,
Voice Over
sometimes mixed with sand,
silt, and calcium carbonate.
Over time, these layers
were buried under sand, silt,
and rock.
Voice Over
Pressure and heat changed
some of this carbon and
hydrogen-rich material into o
il (petroleum), and some in
to natural gas.
Formation of Oil and Natural Gas
Voice Over
Fossil fuels release carbon
dioxide and other
greenhouse gases w
hen burned, thus, making
them the primary contrib
utors to global warming a
nd climate ch
Voice Over
Governments around the
world are now focused on
replacing fossil fuels with
renewable energy sourc
es such as solar, wind and
hydro energy.
That concludes our
lesson about fossil fuels.
I hope that you have
learned a lot.
See you again next time.
Goodbye.
