The document discusses functions and how they are represented through ordered pairs, equations, and graphs. It provides examples of determining if a set of ordered pairs or equation represents a function based on the correspondence between the domain and range being one-to-one. The document also discusses evaluating functions by replacing the variable with a value from the domain and computing the output.
The document discusses functions and how they are represented through ordered pairs, equations, and graphs. It provides examples of determining if a set of ordered pairs or equation represents a function based on the correspondence between the domain and range being one-to-one. The document also discusses evaluating functions by replacing the variable with a value from the domain and computing the output.
The document discusses functions and how they are represented through ordered pairs, equations, and graphs. It provides examples of determining if a set of ordered pairs or equation represents a function based on the correspondence between the domain and range being one-to-one. The document also discusses evaluating functions by replacing the variable with a value from the domain and computing the output.
The document discusses functions and how they are represented through ordered pairs, equations, and graphs. It provides examples of determining if a set of ordered pairs or equation represents a function based on the correspondence between the domain and range being one-to-one. The document also discusses evaluating functions by replacing the variable with a value from the domain and computing the output.
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GENERAL
MATHEMATICS: FUNCTIONS • Check our knowledge by answering the activity. Complete the table of values, for the given functions below. 1. y = 3x -7 x 0 2 4 6 y -7 -1 5 9
a. y = 3x – 7; x = 0 c. y = 3x – 7; x = 4 y = 3(0) – 7 y = 3(4) - 7 y= 0–7 y = 12 – 7 y = -7 y= 5 b. y = 3x – 7; x = 2 d. y = 3x – 7; x = 6 y = 3(2) – 7 y = 3(6) – 7 y= 6 – 7 y = 18 – 7 y = -1 y=9 A relation is a rule that relates values from a set of values called domain to a second values called range. A function f is a correspondence between two sets, the domain and the range, such that for each value in the domain, there corresponds exactly one value in the range. - The set of allowable values for the independent variable is called domain of the function. The set of the corresponding values for the dependent variable is called the range of the function. Take note: for every input (domain), there corresponds a unique output (range). Functions may be described using sets of ordered pairs, equations, or graphs. There are procedures to show that a set of ordered pairs, an equation, or a graph represents a function. These procedures are based on the fact that the correspondence between the domain and the range of the function is one-to-one or many-to-one. Otherwise, the relationship is just a mere relation. One-to-one fcn: xx Many-to-one fcn: X, y, z 1 • Function Represented by a Set of Ordered Pairs A set of ordered pairs represents a function, if no two ordered pairs have the same first coordinate. Example 1: Determine if {(a, x²), (√y, 1/z), (13, 2d), (q, st) represents a function. Solution: A mapping diagram may be used to show the correspondence between the domain and the range. Observe that no two ordered pairs have the same first coordinate. Also, each element of the domain corresponds to a unique element f the range. The relation is one-to-one, so that the set of ordered pairs represents a function. DOMAIN RANGE
a x²
√y
13 2d
q st • Function Represented by an Equation or Formula Example 2: Determine if f(x) = 3x² represents a function. Solution: Assign some values for x and compute for the corresponding values of f(x). x -2 -1 1 2 f(x) 12 3 3 12 From the table, take note that an input of -2 and 2 gives an output of 12 and an input of -1 and 1 gives an output of 3. The correspondence is many-to-one. For every value of x, there corresponds a unique value of f(x). Therefore, the equation f(x) = 3x² is a function. Piecewise Function Sometimes a function is defined by different formulas on different parts of its domain. This function is called piecewise function. Example 3: A user is charged P300 monthly for a particular mobile plan, which includes 100 free text messages. Messages in excess of 100 are charged P1 each. Represent the monthly cost for text messaging using the function t(m), where m is the number of messages sent in a month. Solution: The cost of text messaging can be expressed by the piecewise function. 300 ,𝑖𝑓 0 < 𝑚 ≤ 100 t(m) = ൜ 300 + 𝑚 ,𝑖𝑓 𝑚 > 100 Evaluating a Function It means replacing the variable in the function, in this case x, with a value from the function’s domain and computing for the result. To denote that we are evaluating f at a for some a in the domain of f, we write f(a). Example 4: Evaluate the following functions at x=2. a. f(x) = 2x+1 = 2(2)+1 = 4+1 = 5 • b. g(x) = x²+2x+2 = (2) ²+2(2)+2 = 4+4+2 = 10 c. h(x) = = = =
