The hepatobiliary system includes the liver and extrahepatic biliary apparatus which work together to produce and transport bile. The liver is the largest gland in the body, located in the right upper quadrant, and performs vital functions like metabolism, glucose synthesis, and bile production. The extrahepatic biliary apparatus includes the hepatic ducts, gallbladder, and common bile duct which store and transport bile to the duodenum to aid in fat digestion. Disorders of the hepatobiliary system include hepatitis, gallstones, and jaundice.
The hepatobiliary system includes the liver and extrahepatic biliary apparatus which work together to produce and transport bile. The liver is the largest gland in the body, located in the right upper quadrant, and performs vital functions like metabolism, glucose synthesis, and bile production. The extrahepatic biliary apparatus includes the hepatic ducts, gallbladder, and common bile duct which store and transport bile to the duodenum to aid in fat digestion. Disorders of the hepatobiliary system include hepatitis, gallstones, and jaundice.
The hepatobiliary system includes the liver and extrahepatic biliary apparatus which work together to produce and transport bile. The liver is the largest gland in the body, located in the right upper quadrant, and performs vital functions like metabolism, glucose synthesis, and bile production. The extrahepatic biliary apparatus includes the hepatic ducts, gallbladder, and common bile duct which store and transport bile to the duodenum to aid in fat digestion. Disorders of the hepatobiliary system include hepatitis, gallstones, and jaundice.
The hepatobiliary system includes the liver and extrahepatic biliary apparatus which work together to produce and transport bile. The liver is the largest gland in the body, located in the right upper quadrant, and performs vital functions like metabolism, glucose synthesis, and bile production. The extrahepatic biliary apparatus includes the hepatic ducts, gallbladder, and common bile duct which store and transport bile to the duodenum to aid in fat digestion. Disorders of the hepatobiliary system include hepatitis, gallstones, and jaundice.
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HEPATOBILIARY SYSTEM
Hepatobiliary system refers to the liver and
extrahepatic biliary apparatus (bile ducts and gall bladder) and the work together to make bile. FIGURE OF HEPATOBILIARY SYSTEM LIVER
It is the largest gland in the body. It is reddish
brown in color, highly vascular and weighs about 1.5 kg in adults. It lies in right hypochondrium and extends into the eigastrium and left hypochondrium. FUNCTION OF LIVER
• Metabolism of proteins, fats and carbohydrates.
• Synthesis of glucose by gluconeogenesis. • Secretion of bile. • Excretion of cholesterol. • Destruction of old RBC. CLINICAL CORRELATION • Hepatitis • Hepatomegaly EXTRAHEPATIC BILIARY APPARATUS Right and left hepatic ducts Common hepatic duct Gall bladder Cystic duct Common bile duct GALL BLADDER
It is a pear- shaped reservoir of bile, situated in a fossa on
the interior surface of the right lobe of the liver. It is about 7- 10cm in length, 3cm broad at its widest part and about 30ml in capacity. PARTS OF GALL BLADDER
Fundus; anterior, expanded portion of gall bladder
Body; behind fundus, main part of gall bladder Neck; continued as the cystic duct FUNCTION OF GALL BLADDER
• Storage of bile • Concentration of bile • Alteration of Ph of bile • Secretion of mucus • Maintenance of pressure in biliary system BILE DUCT
• The right and left hepatic ducts join to form the
common hepatic duct. • The hepatic duct passes downward for about 3cm where it is joined by cystic duct from the gall bladder. • The cystic and hepatic ducts merge forming the common bile duct which passes downwards behind the head of pancrease. …………continue………… • The common bile duct is about 7.5cm long and has a diameter of about 6mm . • This is joined by the pancreatic duct at the hepatopancreatic ampulla and opening into duodenum. BILE Bile is synthesized in the hepatocytes. Small amount of bile is continuously transferred to gallbladder through the cytic duct because during the interdigestive period the toe of the sphincter (hepatopancreatic sphincter) is so high that it cannot enter duodenum. In gallbladder bile is stored and concentrated. After a meal , contraction of gallbladder and transfers a large volume of bile into the duodenum. About 700-1200 ml of bile is secreted by the liver daily. COMPOSITION OF BILE
WATER(97%) SOLID(3%) • Bile salt • Electrolytes • Conjugated bilirubin • Cholesterol • phospholipids FUNCTION OF BILE
• Digestion and absorption of fat
• Absorption of fat- soluble vitamins • Bile salts keep cholesterol in solution in the bile • Bile gives colour and smell to fecal material. CLINICAL CORELATIONS
