TOOLS USED IN COMMUNITY
DIAGNOSIS: DEMOGRAPHY,
VITAL AND HEALTH STATISTICS,
EPIDEMIOLOGY
2ND PART
VITAL STATISTICS
(please refer to Nursing Practice in the Community, 5 th ed. by Maglaya, pp 180-197 for formulas and interpretations)
A tool in estimating the magnitude or extent of health needs and problems in the community
The nurse is able to describe the health status of people which serves as the basis for developing, implementing and evaluating
programs and intervention strategies.
Common Vital Health Statistical Indicators
Fertility Rates:
◦ Crude Birth Rate
◦ General Fertility Rate
Morbidity Rates:
◦ Incidence Rate
◦ Prevalence Rate
VITAL STATISTICS
• Mortality Rates:
• Crude Death Rate
• Specific Mortality Rate
• Cause-of-Death Rate
• Infant Mortality Rate
• Maternal Mortality Rate
• Proportionate Mortality Rate
• Swaroop’s Index
• Case Fatality Rate
COMMON VITAL STATISTICAL INDICATOR
1. Fertility Rates
1. Crude Birth Rate =
Number of live births
---------------------------------- X 1000
Total Population (midyear)
COMMON VITAL STATISTICAL INDICATOR
1. Fertility Rates
2. General Fertility Rate =
Number of live births
---------------------------------- X 1000
Total Population (midyear)
of women, 15-44 y/o
COMMON VITAL STATISTICAL INDICATOR
2. Mortality Rates
1. Crude Death Rate =
Number of deaths
---------------------------------- X 1000
Total Population (midyear)
COMMON VITAL STATISTICAL INDICATOR
2. Mortality Rates
2. Specific Mortality Rate =
Number of deaths in
a specified group
---------------------------------- X 1000
Total Population (midyear)
of the same specified group
COMMON VITAL STATISTICAL INDICATOR
2. Mortality Rates
2. Specific Mortality Rate =
Number of deaths in
a specified group
---------------------------------- X 1000
Total Population (midyear)
of the same specified group
COMMON VITAL STATISTICAL INDICATOR
2. Mortality Rates
3. Cause of Death Rate =
Number of deaths from
a specified cause
---------------------------------- X 1000
Total Population (midyear)
COMMON VITAL STATISTICAL INDICATOR
2. Mortality Rates
4. Infant Mortality Rate =
Deaths under 1 year of age
---------------------------------- X 1000
Number of live births
COMMON VITAL STATISTICAL INDICATOR
2. Mortality Rates
4. Infant Mortality Rate =
Neonatal MR + Post-neonatal MR
IMR-PNMR = Neonatal MR
COMMON VITAL STATISTICAL INDICATOR
2. Mortality Rates
5. Maternal Mortality Rate =
Number of deaths due to pregnancy,
delivery and puerpuerium
---------------------------------- X 1000
Number of live births
COMMON VITAL STATISTICAL INDICATOR
2. Mortality Rates
6. Proportionate Mortality Rate =
Number of deaths from a
particular cause
---------------------------------- X 100
Total deaths
COMMON VITAL STATISTICAL INDICATOR
2. Mortality Rates
7. Swaroop’s Index=
Number of deaths among
50 years and over
---------------------------------- X 100
Total deaths
COMMON VITAL STATISTICAL INDICATOR
2. Mortality Rates
8. Case Fatality Rate =
Number of deaths from
A specified cause
---------------------------------- X 100
Number of cases of the
same disease
COMMON VITAL STATISTICAL INDICATOR
3. Morbidity Rates
1. Incidence Rate =
Number of new cases of disease
developing from a period of time
---------------------------------- XF
Population at risk of developing
the disease
COMMON VITAL STATISTICAL INDICATOR
3. Morbidity Rates
2. Prevalence Rate=
Number of old and new cases
Of the disease
---------------------------------- XF
Population examined
