Sales & Distribution
(SD)
BPI - Overview
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 1
SD: Functionality
• Sales Support
• Sales
• Shipping and Transportation
• Billing
• Credit Management
• Foreign Trade
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 2
Sales & Distribution
Org Structure & Master Data
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 3
SD: Organizational Structures
S&D Structure Internal Sales Structure
• Client • Sales Offices
• Company Code • Sales Groups
• Sales Area • Salesperson
– Sales Organization
– Distribution Channel
– Division
• Plant
• Shipping Point
• Loading Point
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SD: Structure for Sales Order Processing
Client 410
Sales Area
Company Code Sales Org
C100 S100
Distribution Division
Channel (RE) (01)
Plant P100 Plant P101
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SD: Internal Sales Structure
US Sales Office
S100
Western Sales Eastern Sales
Office Office
Northwest Sales Southwest Sales Northwest Sales Southwest Sales
Group Group Group Group
Salesperson 1 Salesperson 4 Salesperson 6 Salesperson 7
Salesperson 2 Salesperson 5 Salesperson 8
Salesperson 3 Salesperson 9
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 6
SD: Structure for Distribution
Client 410
Company Code
C100
Plant P100 Plant P101
Shipping Point Shipping Point Shipping Point
Rail Dock Express Dock Freight Dock
Loading Point Loading Point Loading Point
LP03 LP02 LP01
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SD: Master Data
Condition Master Data
Customer Master Data
Material Master Data
Cust/Mat Info Record
Output Master Data
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SD: Customer Master Data
• Customer Master
– Contains all of the information
necessary for processing
orders, deliveries, invoices and
customer payment
– Every customer MUST have a
master record
• Customer Master Data is
created by Sales Area
– Sales Organization
– Distribution Channel
– Division
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SD: Customer Master Data
• The customer master
information is divided
into 3 areas:
– General Data
– Company Code Data
– Sales Area Data
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SD: Customer Master
General Information relevant for the entire organization:
Name
Address
Communication
Client 410
Company Code specific information: Sales Area specific information:
Acc. Mgmt Sales Office
Payment Currency
Bank
Company Code 102 Sales Org. 101
Company Code 101 Sales Org. 100
Company Code 100
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SD: Master Data
• Material Master
– Contains all the information a
company needs to manage
about a material
– It is used by most components
within the SAP system
• Sales and Distribution
• Materials Management
• Production
• Plant Maintenance
• Accounting/Controlling
• Quality Management
– Material master data is stored
in functional segments called
Views
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SD: Material Master Views
Sales Data
Basic Data Purchasing Data
Mat. Plan. Data
Material Master Forecasting Data
Storage Data
Controlling Data Quality Data
Accounting Data
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 13
SD: Material Master
General Information relevant for the entire organization:
Name
Weight
U/M
Client 410
Sales specific information: Delivery Plant Storage Location specific information:
Loading Grp Stock Qty
Plant 102 Storage Location 20
Plant 101 Storage Location 10
Plant 100
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 14
SD: Customer-Material Information Record
• Data on a material defined for
a specific customer is stored
in a Customer material info
record.
• Info Records contain:
– customer-specific material number
– customer-specific material
description
– customer-specific data on
deliveries and delivery tolerances
• You can also maintain default text
to appear on sales orders for that
customer
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 15
SD: Condition Master (Pricing)
• Condition master data includes:
– Prices
– Surcharges
– Discounts
– Freights
– Taxes
• You can define the condition master
to be dependent on various data:
– Material specific
– Customer specific
• Conditions can be dependent on
any document field
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 16
SD: Output
• Output is information that
is sent to the customer
using various media, such
as:
– E-mail
– Mail
– EDI
– Fax
– XML
• Output examples:
– Quotation
– Confirmation
– Invoice
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 17
Sales & Distribution
Sales
Sales Order Process
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 18
Sales: The Process
Pre-sales Sales Order
Activities Entry
Check
Availability
Pick
Materials
Receipt of
Customer Payment
Pack
Invoice Materials
Customer
Post Goods
Issue
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SD: Pre-Sales Activities (CRM Light)
• Sales Support is a component of SD that assists in the sales,
distribution, and marketing of a companies products and
services to its customers. It contains the following functionality:
– Creating and tracking customer contacts and communications
(sales activity)
• Phone call records
• On-site meeting
• Letters
• Campaign communication
– Implementing and tracking direct mailing, internet, and trade fair
campaigns based on customer attributes
• Pre-sales documents need to be managed within the presales
activities: Inquiries and Quotations. These documents help
identify possible sales related activity and determine sales
probability.
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SD: Pre-Sales Activities (CRM Light)
• The ultimate goal of all pre-
sales activities is to equip
the sales technician with all
the information necessary to
negotiate and complete the
potential sale.
• Information needed:
– Past sales activity
– Past communication
– Contact information
– General Company info
– Credit limits and usage
– Current backorders
• 360º view of your customer
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 21
SD Process: Inquiry
• An inquiry is a customer’s request to a company for
information or quotation in respect to their products
or services without obligation to purchase.
– How much will it cost
– Material/Service availability
– May contain specific quantities and dates
• The inquiry is maintained in the system and a
quotation is created to address questions for the
potential customer.
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 22
SD Process: Quotation
• The quotation presents the
customer with a legally
binding offer to deliver
specific products or a
selection of a certain
amount of products in a
specified timeframe at a
pre-defined price.
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SD Process: Sales Order
• Sales order processing can originate from a variety of
documents and activities
– Customer contacts us for order: phone, internet, email
– Existing Contract
– Quotations
• The electronic document that is created should contain the
following basic information:
– Customer Information
– Material/service and quantity
– Pricing (conditions)
– Specific delivery dates and quantities
– Shipping information
– Billing Information
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 24
SD Process: Sales Order
• The sales document is
made up of three primary
areas:
– Header
• Data relevant for the entire
sales order: Ex: customer data,
total cost of the order
– Line Item
• Information about the specific
product: Ex: material and
quantity, cost of an individual
line
– Schedule Lines
• Uniquely belongs to a Line
Item, contains delivery
quantities and dates for partial
deliveries
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SD Process: Sales Order
• The sales order contains all of the information
needed to process your customers request, the
following information is determined for each sales
order:
– Delivering Schedule
– Shipping point and route determination
– Availability Check
– Transfer of requirements to MRP
– Pricing
– Credit limit check
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 26
Sales Order: Delivery Scheduling
• When an order is created the you must enter a
requested delivery date for the order or each line
item.
• The system will then determine a delivery timeline,
this will be used when determining our material
availability, or ATP (Availablity to Promise) date.
• The system will determine this date using forward
and backward scheduling rules you have defined.
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 27
Sales Order: Backward Scheduling
Order Material Transp. Goods Requested
Date Availability Sched. Loading Issue Delv. Date
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th
Transp. Loading Transit
Pick & Pack
Sched. Time Time
Time (2 days)
(2 days) Time (1 day)
(1 day)
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 28
Sales Order: Forward Scheduling
Requested New
Order Material Transp. Goods Delv. Delv.
Date Loading Issue Date Date
Availability Sched.
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th
Transp. Loading Transit
Pick & Pack Sched. Time Time
Time (2 days) Time (1 day) (2 days)
(1 day)
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 29
Sales Order: Shipping & Route Determination
• During the creation of the sales order the system must
determine the shipping point from which the material will be
shipped and the route the material will take to get from your
warehouse to your customers location.
• A shipping point is determined for each line item within the
order.
• The route determination will is used to define the transit
time of the material that we used in scheduling.
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 30
Sales Order: Availability Check
• Availability Check
– Determines the material
availability date
– Considers all inward and
outward inventory
movements
• Proposes 3 methods of
delivery
– One-time delivery
– Complete delivery
– Delayed proposal
• Rules are created by YOU
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 31
Sales Order: Transfer to Planning
• The order is transferred to Material Requirements Planning
as an (CIR) Customer Independent Requirement. If a
deficit is found the system will propose a Purchase Req. or
Order to fulfill the shortage.
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 32
Sales Order: Pricing
• The system displays pricing information for all sales
documents on the pricing screens at both the header and
the line item level.
– Header pricing is valid for the whole order it is the cumulitive of all
line items within the order
– Line item pricing is for each specific material.
• The system will automatically search for price, discounts,
surcharges, calculate taxes and freight. You have the ability
to manually manipulate the pricing at both the header and
line item level within the sales order by entering a condition
type and amount.
– Taxes and freight can be set-up so we can’t manually enter.
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Sales Order: Credit Check
• Allows your company to manage its credit exposure and risk for each
customer by specifying credit limits.
• During the sales order process the system will alert the sales rep about
the customers credit situation that arises, if necessary the system can
be configured to block orders and deliveries.
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 34
SD Process: Shipping & Transportation
• The shipping process begins when you create the
delivery document for the sales order. This
document controls, supports, and monitors
numerous sub-processes for shipping processing:
– Picking
– Packing
– Post Goods Issue
• Integrated with the Material Management (MM) and
Finance (FI) modules
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 35
SD Process: Shipping
Sales Order 1 Sales Order 4 Sales Order 5
Sales Order 2 Delivery 8…13 Delivery 8…16
Sales Order 3 Delivery 8…14
Delivery 8…12 Delivery 8…15
Order Partial Complete
Combination Delivery Delivery
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 36
SD Process: Delivery Creation
• Checks order and materials to determine if a
delivery is possible — delivery block (hold),
completeness
• Confirms availability
• Confirms export/foreign trade requirements
• Determines total weight & volume
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SD Process: Delivery Creation
• Generates packing proposal
• Calculates weight and volume
• Checks scheduling
• Considers partial deliveries
• Updates route assignment
• Assigns picking location
• Determines batches
• Quality check (if needed)
• Updates sales order
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 38
SD Process: Delivery Document
• The Delivery Document initiates the delivery
process and is the control mechanism for this
process
– Picking
– Packing
– Loading
– Posting Goods Issue
• Changes to delivery are allowable - products,
quantities
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 39
Delivery: Picking
• Quantities based on delivery note
• Assigned date when picking should begin
• Automated storage location assignment
• Supports serial number/lot number tracking and
batch management
• Integrated with Warehouse Management (WM)
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Delivery: Loading and Packing
• Identifies which packaging is to be used for
specified products (customer preference and UCC-
128 considerations)
• Identifies and updates accounts associated with
returnable packaging
• Tracks the packed product by container
• Insures weight/volume restrictions are enforced
• All packed items are assigned to the required
means of transportation
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 41
Delivery: Goods Issue
• Event that indicates the legal change in ownership
of the products
• Reduces inventory and enters Cost of Goods Sold
• Automatically updates the General Ledger (G/L)
accounts
• Ends the shipping process and updates the status
of the shipping documents
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 42
SD Process: Billing
• The billing document is created by coping data
from the sales order and/or delivery document.
– Order-based billing
– Delivery-based billing
• The billing process is used to generate the
customer invoice.
• It will update the customer’s credit status.
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 43
SD Process: Billing Documents
• The billing document will
automatically create a debit
posting to your customer
sub-ledger account and
credit your revenue account.
• It is at this point that the
sales process is passed over
to Financial Accounting to
await payment.
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 44
SD Process: Billing Methods
Delivery 8…20 Invoice 9…45
Delivery based Order 6
Invoicing Delivery 8…21 Invoice 9…46
Delivery 8…33
Collective Order 9
Delivery 8…34 Invoice 9…68
Invoicing
Order 14 Delivery 8…56
Invoice 9…91
Split
Order 32 Delivery 8…86
Invoicing
Invoice 9…92
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 45
SD Process: Payment
• Payment is the final step in the sales order process, this
step is managed by the Financial Accounting
department.
• Final payment includes:
– Posting payments against invoices.
– Reconciling differences between payment and invoice.
• Payment will create a posting clearing the liability in the
A/R account and decreasing your bank account.
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 46
SD Process: Document Flow
• The document flow and
order status feature allows
you to find the status of an
order at any point in time.
The SAP updates the order
status every time a change
is made to any document
created in the customer
order management cycle
(Order-to-Cash).
January 2007 (v1.0) The Rushmore Group, LLC 47
