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Gait Cycle Phases and Mechanics

The gait cycle document describes the phases and intervals of human walking. It is divided into a stance phase when the foot is on the ground and a swing phase when it is off the ground. The stance phase consists of initial contact, foot flat, mid stance, terminal stance, and toe off intervals. Gait is also described by temporal variables like cadence and spatial variables like stride length, step length, and walking base. Factors that can influence gait include musculoskeletal and neurological issues.

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khorrami4
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622 views18 pages

Gait Cycle Phases and Mechanics

The gait cycle document describes the phases and intervals of human walking. It is divided into a stance phase when the foot is on the ground and a swing phase when it is off the ground. The stance phase consists of initial contact, foot flat, mid stance, terminal stance, and toe off intervals. Gait is also described by temporal variables like cadence and spatial variables like stride length, step length, and walking base. Factors that can influence gait include musculoskeletal and neurological issues.

Uploaded by

khorrami4
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Gait Cycle Introduction: Introduces the concept of the gait cycle and sets the framework for understanding human locomotion.
  • Gait Cycle Phases Overview: Describes the different phases within a gait cycle including stance and swing phases.
  • Detailed Gait Cycles: Covers events, periods, tasks, phases, and cycles involved in the right gait cycle.
  • Phase Definitions: Defines the stance and swing phases and their roles in the gait cycle.
  • Stance Phase Details: Explores the sub-phases of the stance phase, elaborating on each step from contact to toe-off.
  • Stance Intervals: Details the percentage of time allocated to different support phases in the stance interval.
  • Swing Phase Details: Covers the initial, mid, and terminal swings within the swing phase.
  • Stride vs Step Length: Differentiates between stride length and step length and their respective measurements.
  • Temporal & Spatial Variables: Illustrates temporal and spatial variables in the gait cycle with a focus on right and left leg movements.
  • Gait Parameters: Evaluates gait parameters including cadence, walking base, and degree of toe out.
  • Gait Report: Provides a report on various gait parameters including stance and swing phases, support times, and cadence.
  • Foot Pronation Types: Explains different foot pronation types and their impact on running mechanics.
  • Pronation Illustration: Visual representation of pronation types during walking or running.
  • Factors Influencing Gait: Discusses factors affecting gait such as musculoskeletal and neurological issues.
  • Hip Stabilizers Diagram: Diagram showing muscular support and stabilization of the hips during movement.
  • Hip Musculature Overview: Anatomical diagram outlining major hip muscles like the gluteus maximus and medius.
  • Medial Gluteus Functions: Examines the dual functions of the gluteus medius muscle in hip stabilization and movement.

Gait Cycle

Hossein Khorrami, Ph.D. DOMP


• gf
• Stance phase: Consists of the entire time
that a foot is on the ground
• Swing phase: Consists of the entire time
that the foot is in the air
Stance Phase
• Initial contact(heel strike)
• Foot flat(loading response)
• Mid stance
• Terminal stance(heel off)
• Toe off(pre swing)
Stance Intervals
• Initial double support: 10%
• Single support: 40%
• Terminal double support: 10%
Swing Phase
• Initial swing(acceleration)
• Mid swing
• Terminal swing(deceleration)
Stride Length vs Step Length
• Stride length: Distance between successive
ground contact of the same foot
– Distance from the heel of right foot (starting
position) to the heel of right foot (ending position)
– Average: 150cm(5ft)

• Step length: distance from the heel of right


foot to the heel of left foot
– Average: 75cm(2.5ft)
Temporal & Spatial Variables
• Cadence: Steps or strides-cycles/min
• Walking base: Stride width or distance
between line of feet
• Degree of toe out: ~7o, decreases with speed
Factors Influencing Gait
• Musculoskletal
– muscle, tendon, ligaments
– Joint, bones
– Soft tissue, fascia
• Neurological issues
– Central, basal ganglia, cerebellum,..
– Peripheral
Hip Stabilizers
G. Medius, dual function

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