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Oops Inheritance

This document discusses object oriented programming concepts in Java including inheritance. It defines inheritance as deriving properties of a new class from an existing class. The types of inheritance in Java are described as single, multilevel, hierarchical, multiple (using interfaces), and hybrid. Code examples are provided to demonstrate each type of inheritance. The advantages and disadvantages of inheritance are also summarized.

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Pardhu Parthasaradhi
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848 views21 pages

Oops Inheritance

This document discusses object oriented programming concepts in Java including inheritance. It defines inheritance as deriving properties of a new class from an existing class. The types of inheritance in Java are described as single, multilevel, hierarchical, multiple (using interfaces), and hybrid. Code examples are provided to demonstrate each type of inheritance. The advantages and disadvantages of inheritance are also summarized.

Uploaded by

Pardhu Parthasaradhi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Object Oriented Programming Using JAVA

INHERITANCE

A PowerPoint Presentation
By
T. PARTHASARADHI
OOPS Concepts using JAVA
OOPs is an Object Oriented programming Paradigms.
It is the concept of Programming Language like C#,
Java using real world entity.
They are:
• Objects • Class

• Abstraction • Encapsulation

• Inheritance • Polymorphism

• Dynamic Binding • Message Communication


What is an Inheritance
Deriving the properties of a new class using an
existing class is known as Inheritance.
• Subclass:- The class which acquires the properties
of an existing class is known as a subclass or a
derived class or a child class.
• Superclass:- The class whose properties are
acquired by a new class is known as a superclass,
base class or a parent class.
What is an Inheritance
Defining a subclass:- The keyword extends is used
to define a subclass.
Class SubclassName extends SuperclassName
{
variable declaration;
method declaration;
}

• Keyword extends is used to acquire the properties of a


superclass into a subclass.
• Now this subclass will contain its own variables and
methods as well as the variables and methods of a
superclass.
Types of Inheritance
JAVA permits only 5 types of Inheritance.
They are:

• Single Inheritance
• Multilevel Inheritance
• Hierarchical Inheritance
• Multiple Inheritance
• Hybrid Inheritance
Single Inheritance
When a Subclass is derived only from a single
Superclass, then it is known as single inheritance.
SuperClass(A)

SubClass(B)

• Here A is a superclass or Parent class and B is a


Subclass or child class.
• So B is a subclass derived from a single super class A.
JAVA Program to Implement Single Inheritance
class A
{
public void methodA( )
{
System.out.println(“I am from class A”);
}
}
class B extends A
{
public void methodB( )
{
System.out.println(“I am from class B”);
}
}
class SingleInherit
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
B objb = new B( );
Objb.methodA( );
Objb.methodB( );
}
}

OUTPUT:
I am from class A
I am from class B
Multilevel Inheritance
The process of deriving the new class from a
derived class is known as multilevel inheritance.
Base class(A)

intermediate base class(B)

Derived class(C)

Here C is a Subclass derived from B which is


derived from superclass A.
JAVA Program to Implement Multilevel Inheritance

class Animal
{
public void eat( )
{
System.out.println(“eating”);
}
}
class Dog extends Animal
{
public void bark( )
{
System.out.println(“barking”);
}
}
JAVA Program to Implement Multilevel Inheritance
Class hutch extends Dog Output:
{ Sniffing
public void sniff( ) Barking
{
System.out.println(“sniffing”); eating
}
}
Class Inherit
{
public static void main(String
args[])
{
hutch ruby = new hutch( );
ruby.sniff( );
ruby.bark( );
ruby.eat( );
}
}
Hierarchical Inheritance
The process of deriving multiple subclasses from
a single super or base class.
Class A

Class B Class C Class D

• Here the class B, C and D are the derived classes


from a single super class A.
• These three classes aquries the properities of the
class A.
JAVA Program to Implement Hierarchical Inheritance
class Animal
{
void eat()
{
System.out.println("eating...");
}
}
class Dog extends Animal
{
void bark()
{
System.out.println("barking...");
}
}
class Cat extends Animal
{
void meow( )
{
System.out.println("meowing...");
}
}
JAVA Program to Implement Hierarchical Inheritance
class Cheeta extends Animal
{
void chase()
{
System.out.println(“chasing...");
}
}

class hierarchical
{
public static void main(String args[ ])
{
Cat c=new Cat();
c.meow();
c.eat();
}
}
Output:-
meowing...
eating…
Multiple Inheritance
The process of deriving a subclass from more than one
superclass is known as multiple inheritance.
SuperClass (A) SuperClass (B)

SubClass (C)

• Multiple inheritance is not supported in java,as to reduce the complexity


and simplify the language.

• As C is a subclass derived from the superclasses A and B and having same


method names if I call it by subclass C then there will be ambiguity to call
the method of A or B class.

• But with the help of key word interface it can be achived.


Keyword Interface and its properities.
So, interface is a keyword to achive multiple inheritance
in java. lets have a small look over keyword interface.
JAVA Program to Implement Multiple Inheritance
class Kfc
{
public void friedChicken( )
{
System.out.println(“fried chicken is prepared.”);
}
}
interface Afc
{
public void friedChicken( )
{
system.out.println(“fried chicken is prepared.”);
}
}
JAVA Program to Implement Multiple Inheritance
class Customer extends Kfc implements Afc
{
Void eat( )
{
System.out.println(“eating fried chicken”);
}
}
class Multiple
{
Public static void main(String args[])
{
Customer c = new Customer( );
c.friedChicken( );
c.eat( );
}
}

Output:-
fried chicken is prepared
eating fried chicken
Advantages and Inheritance
• The main advantage of the inheritance is that it helps
in reusability of the code.

• It improves the program structure which can be


readable.

• Inheritance makes the application code more flexible


to change.

• The program structure is short and concise which is


more reliable.
Disadvantage of inheritance
• The main disadvantage of the inheritance is that the two
classes are dependent on each other.

• If the functionality of the base class is changed then the


changes have to be done on the child classes also.

• It increases the time and efforts take to jump through


different levels of the inheritance.

• If the methods in the super class are deleted then it is very


difficult to maintain the functionality of the child class.

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