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Biomaterials: Jhon Jairo Ruiz Álvarez 28/09/2019

This document defines biomaterials as materials used in medical devices and implants that combine medicine, biology, and engineering. Biomaterials can be metals, ceramics, plastics, or even living cells and tissues. They are classified based on how the body's tissues respond: bioinert, bioresorbable, or bioactive. Biomaterials must have properties suitable for their intended anatomical location and application, such as replacing joints or organs, aiding in diagnosis and treatment, or improving functions. With sustainable biomaterials possible from lignocellulosic biomass, biotechnology offers opportunities to develop renewable alternatives to plastic and petroleum-based materials.

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96 views6 pages

Biomaterials: Jhon Jairo Ruiz Álvarez 28/09/2019

This document defines biomaterials as materials used in medical devices and implants that combine medicine, biology, and engineering. Biomaterials can be metals, ceramics, plastics, or even living cells and tissues. They are classified based on how the body's tissues respond: bioinert, bioresorbable, or bioactive. Biomaterials must have properties suitable for their intended anatomical location and application, such as replacing joints or organs, aiding in diagnosis and treatment, or improving functions. With sustainable biomaterials possible from lignocellulosic biomass, biotechnology offers opportunities to develop renewable alternatives to plastic and petroleum-based materials.

Uploaded by

Jhon Ruiz
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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BIOMATERIALS

Jhon Jairo Ruiz Álvarez


28/09/2019
DEFINITION
■ The modern field of biomaterials combines
medicine, biology, physics, and chemistry, and
more recent influences from tissue
engineering and materials science. The field
has grown significantly in the past decade due
to discoveries in tissue engineering,
regenerative medicine, and more. Metals,
ceramics, plastic, glass, and even living cells
and tissue all can be used in creating a
biomaterial. They can be reengineered into
molded or machined parts, coatings, fibers,
films, foams, and fabrics for use in biomedical
products and devices.
CLASIFICATION
When a synthetic material is placed
within the human body, tissue reacts
towards the implant in a variety of ways
depending on the material type. The
mechanism of tissue interaction (if any)
depends on the tissue response to the
implant surface. In general, there are
three terms in which a biomaterial may
be described in or classified into
representing the tissues responses.
These are bioinert, bioresorbable, and
bioactive, which are well covered in
range of excellent review papers.
PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS OF BIOMATERIALS

PROPERTIES APLICATIONS
Consideration of the anatomical site Biomaterials are used in different contexts and
where an implant will be located implies each associated with some type of particular
challenges for the designer of the application, such as:
• Replacement of damaged, diseased or missing
biomedical device since there will be parts: renal dialysis machines, replacement of hip
particular requirements in As for the joint, implants and dentures, etc.
properties of the material to be used. • As an aid for diagnoses and treatments: catheters,
Extensive: defend the amount of existing specific electrodes, drains, etc.
• In aesthetic corrections: modification of lips,
matter (weight-volume) .- breasts, chin, etc.
Intensive: independent of the amount of • To improve functions: cardiac pacemaker, contact
matter in question. lenses, etc.
BIOTECHNOLOGY

■ With a global scenario where the use of plastic and


petroleum products (non-renewable sources that
generate a negative impact on the environment)
dominate the market for materials for multiple
domestic and industrial uses, biomaterials from
lignocellulosic biomass represent an opportunity to
give a better use to the raw material coming from the
forest, algal and agricultural sector in a sustainable
way.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
■ https://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=2630 Azo materials
■ https://www.nibib.nih.gov/science-education/science-topics/ biomaterials National
institute of biomedical imaging and bioengineering
■ file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/282143940-Biomateriales.pdf

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