INTRODUCTION
JEAN WATSON
Theory of Human Caring
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABOUT JEAN WATSON
Biography of Jean Watson
01 02 THEORY OF HUMAN CARE
Definition
Development of the theory
10 CARATIVE FACTORS
Definition of the factors
03 04 WATSON’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
Composition of each level
MODEL
Representation of the model
05 06 CONCLUSIONS
Insights regarding the
theory
ABOUT JEAN WATSON
MARGARET JEAN HARMON
SHE ardently and quickly progressed
through her nursing education earning her
(June 1 0 , 1 9 4 0 – present) is an American bachelor’s degree in nursing in 1 9 6 4 , a
nurse theorist and nursing professor who master of science in nursing in psychiatric
is well known for her “Philosophy and and mental health nursing in 1 9 6 6 , and a
Theory of Transpersonal Caring.” Ph.D. in educational psychology and
counseling in 1 9 7 3 , all from the
University of Colorado at Boulder.
in 2 0 0 8 , Watson created a non-profit
In 1 9 9 7 , she experienced an
foundation: Watson Caring Science
accidental injury that resulted
Institute, to further the work of Caring
in the loss of her left eye
Science in the world.
THEORY OF HUMAN CARING
Watson’s Philosophy According to Watson, She believes that a
caring is central to holistic approach to
and Science of Caring is
nursing practice, and health care is central
concerned on how
promotes health better to the practice of
nurses express care to
than a simple medical caring in nursing.
their patients.
cure.
nursing model states that Caring for patients
According to her promotes growth; a
“nursing is concerned with
theory, caring can be promoting health, caring environment
demonstrated and preventing illness, caring accepts a person as he or
practiced by nurses. for the sick, and restoring she is, and looks to what
health.” he or she may become.
WATSON'S DEFINITION OF THE THREE METAPARADIGM
CONCEPTS
HUMAN BEING HEALTH NURSING
a valued person in and of a high level of overall a science of persons and
him or herself to be cared physical, mental, and health-illness experience
for, respected, nurtured, social functioning; a that are mediated by
understood and assisted; general adaptive- professional, personal,
in general a philosophical maintenance level of scientific, and ethical
view of a person as a daily functioning; and the care interactions
fully functional absence of illness, or the
integrated self presence of efforts
leading to the absence of
illness
10 CARATIVE FACTORS
forming humanistic- instilling faith-hope cultivating a sensitivity
altruistic value systems to self and others
kindness, empathy, concern, enabling/sustaining/honoring Cultivating of one’s own
and love for self and others deep belief system and spiritual practices; deepening
subjective world of selfawareness, going beyond
self/otherng faith-hope “ego self”
10 CARATIVE FACTORS
developing a helping- promoting an using problem-solving
trust relationship expression of feelings for decision-making
Developing and sustaining a Being present to, and supportive Creatively using presence of
helping-trusting, authentic of, the expression of self and all ways of knowing/
caring relationship positive and negative feelings as a multiple ways of Being/doing
connection with deeper as part of the caring process;
spirit of self and the one-being- engaging in artistry of caring-
cared-for healing practices
10 CARATIVE FACTORS
promoting teaching- promoting a supportive assisting with gratification allowing for existential-
learning environment of human needs phenomenological forces
Engaging in genuine teaching- Creating healing environment at all Assisting with basic needs, with an Opening and attending to
learning experiences that levels (physical, nonphysical, intentional, caring spiritual-mysterious, unknown
attend to whole person, their subtle environment of energy and consciousness of touching and existential dimensions of life-
meaning; attempting to stay consciousness working with embodied spirit death; attending to soul care for
within other’s frame of whereby wholeness, beauty, of individual, honoring unity of self and one- being- cared- for
comfort, dignity and peace are Being; allowing for spiritual
reference
potentiated emergence
WATSON'S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
higher order
higher order intrapersonal
psychosocial needs or interpersonal need or
lower-order integrative needs growth-seeking need
psychophysical needs or
functional needs
achievement
activity affiliation
lower-order biophysical inactivity
needs or survival needs sexuality
MODEL
TRAIN STATION HOSPITAL NURSES
CONCLUSIONS
Caring Science helps us
to embrace the positive The benefits are Caring is a mutually
energy that flows from immeasurable and beneficial experience
an integrated mind, body promote self- for both the patient
and spirit and is actualization on both a and the nurse, as well
mutually rewarding to personal and as between all health
both the patient and the professional level team members
nurse
“Maybe this one moment, with this one person, is
the very reason we're here on Earth at this time.”
-Jean Watson
OUR TEAM
Rica Cayabyab Angela Guevarra PRESCIOUS LAPIG Daphne Santos
