The document summarizes the control systems for a gas turbine, including fuel control, startup and acceleration control, speed control, and temperature control. Sensors monitor operating parameters and speed is measured by magnetic pickups. The startup control uses preset fuel levels. Speed control maintains speed through fuel adjustments based on actual and called-for speed. Temperature control limits fuel to maintain safe exhaust temperatures measured by thermocouples.
The document summarizes the control systems for a gas turbine, including fuel control, startup and acceleration control, speed control, and temperature control. Sensors monitor operating parameters and speed is measured by magnetic pickups. The startup control uses preset fuel levels. Speed control maintains speed through fuel adjustments based on actual and called-for speed. Temperature control limits fuel to maintain safe exhaust temperatures measured by thermocouples.
The document summarizes the control systems for a gas turbine, including fuel control, startup and acceleration control, speed control, and temperature control. Sensors monitor operating parameters and speed is measured by magnetic pickups. The startup control uses preset fuel levels. Speed control maintains speed through fuel adjustments based on actual and called-for speed. Temperature control limits fuel to maintain safe exhaust temperatures measured by thermocouples.
The document summarizes the control systems for a gas turbine, including fuel control, startup and acceleration control, speed control, and temperature control. Sensors monitor operating parameters and speed is measured by magnetic pickups. The startup control uses preset fuel levels. Speed control maintains speed through fuel adjustments based on actual and called-for speed. Temperature control limits fuel to maintain safe exhaust temperatures measured by thermocouples.
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GT FSR CONTROL
SPEEDTRONIC Mark VI Control
SPEEDTRONIC Mark VI Control contains a number of control, protection and sequencing systems designed for reliable and safe operation of the gas turbine. FUEL CONTROL SYSTEM The gas turbine fuel control system will change fuel flow to the combustors in response to the fuel stroke reference signal (FSR). CONTROL SYSTEM Control of the gas turbine is done by the startup, acceleration, speed, temperature, shutdown, and manual control functions.
discharge pressure, and other parameters to determine the operating conditions of the unit. Speed Detectors Turbine speed is measured by magnetic pickups. The following speed detectors and speed relays are typically used: • –L14HR Zero–Speed (approx. 0% speed) • –L14HM Minimum Speed (approx. 16% speed) • –L14HA Accelerating Speed (approx. 50% speed) • –L14HS Operating Speed (approx. 95% speed) START–UP CONTROL START–UP CONTROL The start–up control operates as an open loop control using preset levels of the fuel command signal FSR. The levels are: “ZERO”, “FIRE”, “WARM–UP”, “ACCELERATE” and “MAX”. SPEED CONTROL The Speed Control System controls the speed and load of the gas turbine generator in response to the actual turbine speed signal and the called–for speed reference. The called–for–speed, TNR, determines the load of the turbine. The range for generator drive turbines is normally from 95% (min.) to 107% (max.) speed. The start–up speed reference is 100.3% Speed Signal Three magnetic sensors are used to measure the speed of the turbine. These magnetic pickup sensors (77NH–1,–2,–3) are high output devices consisting of a permanent magnet surrounded by a hermetically sealed case. The pickups are mounted in a ring around a 60–toothed wheel on the gas turbine compressor rotor. With the 60–tooth wheel, the frequency of the voltage output in Hertz is exactly equal to the speed of the turbine in revolutions per minute. Speed/Load Reference The speed control software will change FSR in proportion to the difference between the actual turbine–generator speed (TNH) and the called–for speed reference (TNR). Speed/Load Reference Normally 4% droop is selected and the set point is calibrated such that 104% set point will generate a speed reference which will produce an FSR resulting in base load at design ambient temperature TEMPERATURE CONTROL The Temperature Control System will limit fuel flow to the gas turbine to maintain internal operating temperatures within design limitations of turbine hot gas path parts.
The temperature of that gas as it exits the first stage nozzle is known as the “firing temperature” of the gas turbine; it is this temperature that must be limited by the control system. Exhaust Temperature Control Hardware Chromel–Alumel exhaust temperature thermocouples are used and, typically 24 in number. These thermocouples circumferentially inside the exhaust diffuser. Temperature Control Command Program The temperature control command program compares the exhaust temperature control setpoint with the measured gas turbine exhaust temperature as obtained from the thermocouples mounted in the exhaust plenum.
The highest and lowest values (compared with constant) are then rejected and the remaining values are averaged, that average being the TTXM signal. ACCELERATION CONTROL Acceleration control compares the present value of the speed signal with the value at the last sample time. The difference between these two numbers is a measure of the acceleration.
During start–up the acceleration reference is a function of turbine
speed; acceleration control usually takes over from speed control shortly after the warm–up period and brings the unit to speed 14HS.
