Work

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 What is work?
 When people ask, “What is your work?”
They refer to a job or employment.
 When people say, “I’ll meet you after work.”
They refer to the part of a day devoted to an
occupation or undertaking.
 When your teacher asks, “Have you
done your homework?”
They refer to the task or activity needed to
be accomplished.

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 What is work?
 When work is done it is accompanied by a
change in energy.
 When work is done by an object it loses
energy and when work is done on an
object it gains energy.

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 What is work?
 Inorder to say that work is done on an
object, there must be force applied to it
and the object moves in the direction of
the applied force.

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Work is done if the object you push moves a distance in the direction towards
which you are pushing it.

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 What’s work?
1.A scientist delivers a speech to an
audience of his peers.
2.A body builder lifts 350 pounds above
his head.
3.A mother carries her baby from room to
room.
4.A father pushes a baby in a carriage.
5.A woman carries a 20 kg grocery bag to
her car?
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 What’s work?
1.A scientist delivers a speech to an
audience of his peers. No
2.A body builder lifts 350 pounds above
his head. Yes
3.A mother carries her baby from room to
room. No
4.A father pushes a baby in a carriage. Yes
5.A woman carries a 20 km grocery bag to
her car? No
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 Formula for work

Work = Force x Distance

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James Prescott Joule
(1818-1889)
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 W=Fd

1. Calculate: If a
man pushes a
concrete block
10 meters with a
force of 20 N,
how much work
has he done?
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 W=Fd
Work = F x d

W = 20N x 10m

W = 200 J

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2. Suppose a woman is
pushing a grocery cart with a
500 Newton force along the 7
meters aisle, how much work
is done in pushing the cart
from one end of the aisle to
the other?
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3. An elephant pushes with
2000 N on a load of trees. It
then pushes these trees for
150 m. How much work did
the elephant do?

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Another Equation for Calculating Work:

Work = mass x gravity x height

W=mxgxh
g = 9.8 m/s2
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Ex.
.

A book of mass 1 kg is on the floor. If the book is lifted from

m= 1 kg
g= 9.8 m/s2
h= 2 m

W=mxgxh
W=1 kg x 9.8 m/s2 x 2 m

W= 19.6 J

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2. Calculate the work done of a body
of mass 80kg lifted vertically
through a distance of 5.0 m.

W=mxgxh

W = 80 kg x 9.8 m/s2 x 5.0 m

W = 3,920 J

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 Another Equation for Calculating Work:

Work = mass x acceleration x distance

W=mxaxd
F=mxa
a=acceleration of the object
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Finding Work With an Angled Force
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Ex.

A force of 50 N acts on the block at the angle shown in the diagram. The block
moves a horizontal distance of 3.0 m. How much work is done by the applied
force?

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W = F x d x cos(Theta)
W = (50 N) * (3 m) * cos (30 degrees)

W = 129.9 Joules

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PROBLEM SOLVING

1.A book weighing 1

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2. A force of 15 newtons is
used to push a box along
the floor a distance of 3
meters. How much work
was done?

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3. It took 50J to push a
chair 5 meters across the
floor. With what force
was the chair pushed?

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4.A force of 500 newtons
was necessary to push a
car 4 meters. How much
work was done?

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5. How much work was
required to push the
same car, using 100 N of
force, 2 meters?

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6. A force of 100
newtons was necessary
to lift a rock. A total of
150 joules of work was
done. How far was the
rock lifted?
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7. A young man exerted a
force of 9000 newtons on a
stalled car but was unable
to move it. How much work
was done?

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8. A weightlifter lifts
barbells of 200 newtons
above his head to a height
of 2 metres. How much
work does he do?

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9. A vehicle at the
wrecking yard was pushed
forward 7 meters with a
force of 5000 N. How
much work was done?

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10. A pulley is used to lift a
heavy piano 6 meters up to the
second floor. The amount of
force applied upward is 700
N. How much work was done?

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11. Jerry pulled the
library cart 3 meters
with a force of 17
N. How much work
was done?
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12. A person lifts a package
weighing 75 N. If she lifts it
1.2 m off the floor,
what work has she done?

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13. When 142 J of work is
done in pushing a box
horizontally 13.3 m, how
much force is applied?

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14. A sailor pulls a boat along a
dock using a rope at an angle of
60.0º with the
horizontal. How much work does
the sailor do if he exerts a force
of 255 N
on the rope and pulls the boat
3.00 m?
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15. A girl pulls a wagon along a level
path
for a distance of 44 m. The handle of
the wagon makes an angle of 22º
above horizontal. If she pulls on the
handle with a force of 87 N, how
much
work is done?

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16. You must exert a force of
4.5 N on a book to slide it
across a table. If you do 2.7 J
of work in the process, how
far have you moved the
book?

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17. A child pulls a sled up a
snow-covered hill. The child
does 405 J of work on the
sled. If the child walks 15 m up
the hill, how large of a force
must the child exert?

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18. How much work is
done on a small car if a
3150 N force is exerted to
move it
75.5 m to the side of the
road?
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19. A crate is being lifted into
a truck. If it is moved with a
2470 N force and 3650 J
of work is done, then how far
is the crate being lifted?

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20. If 16,700 J of work is done
to shoot the human
cannonball down a 3.05 m
barrel,
then how much force is
applied to the person to fire
them out the cannon?
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