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Sifat Fisik Mineral

This document discusses the physical properties used to identify minerals, including: 1. Color, crystal shape, luster, hardness, cleavage, fracture, and other properties like magnetism, feel, taste, and reaction to acid help identify minerals. 2. Key properties include black or gray color for minerals like graphite, pyrite, magnetite, and galena. Luster is described as metallic or non-metallic like glassy or dull. Cleavage follows crystal structure. 3. Additional tests include checking for magnetism, greasy feel with touch, tasting (though not recommended), and reaction to acid which causes effervescence for carbonate minerals. Physical properties allow narrowing mineral possibilities

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185 views10 pages

Sifat Fisik Mineral

This document discusses the physical properties used to identify minerals, including: 1. Color, crystal shape, luster, hardness, cleavage, fracture, and other properties like magnetism, feel, taste, and reaction to acid help identify minerals. 2. Key properties include black or gray color for minerals like graphite, pyrite, magnetite, and galena. Luster is described as metallic or non-metallic like glassy or dull. Cleavage follows crystal structure. 3. Additional tests include checking for magnetism, greasy feel with touch, tasting (though not recommended), and reaction to acid which causes effervescence for carbonate minerals. Physical properties allow narrowing mineral possibilities

Uploaded by

Gunawan Asep
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SIFAT FISIK MINERAL

IDENTIFIKASI MINERAL
 Warna
 Bentuk Kristal
 Cerat
 Kilap
 Kekerasan
 Belahan dan Pecahan
 Sifat lain
Warna
Streak (Cerat)
 Black - Graphite
 Black - Pryite
 Black - Magnetite
 Black - Chalcopyrite
 Gray - Galena
 Limonite - Yellow-
brown
 Hematite - Red-brown
LUSTER (KILAP):
refleksi mineral dalam menangkap sinar:
ada dua yaitu metalik dan non-metalik

Non metalik: kilap kaca, tanah (earthy) dan tidak memantulkan sinar (dull)
Cleavage (Belahan)
 Mengikuti
bentuk
kristal
Fracture (Pecahan)
 Yaitu bentuk permukaan
antar atom penyusun
mineral saat mineral
pecah atau hancur
 Pecahan:
 beraturan (regular)
 tidak beraturan
(irregular)
 Permukaan pecahan:
 Kasar (splinterry)
 Halus (smooth)
 berbentuk kurva
(conchoidal): seperti
gelas saat pecah.
Kekerasan
Crystal Shape
(Bentuk Kristal)
 Kubik
 Prismatik
 Tabular
(berlembar)
 Menjarum
 Hexagonal
 Piritohedron
 Taste - Geologists use as many
Sifat Lain senses as possible in describing and
identifying minerals. Taste is one of
the last tests to be conducted,
because some minerals are
poisonous. Some minerals taste salty-
most notably halite (salt). Sylvite, a
mineral similar in all other properties to
halite, tastes bitter. Taste is thus a
diagnostic property because it
distinguishes between these minerals.
NEVER TASTE A MINERAL UNLESS
INSTRUCTED TO!
 Reaction with Dilute Hydrochloric
Acid - This is actually a chemical
property rather than a physical
attribute of a mineral. Minerals
 Magnetism - A few minerals are containing the carbonate anion
attracted to a magnet or are themselves (C03)2- effervesce ("fizz") when a drop
capable of acting as magnets (the most of dilute hydrochloric acid is placed on
common magnetic mineral is them. Carbon dioxide is liberated from
magnetite). Because these are so rare, the mineral and bubbles out through
this property helps narrow the the acid, creating the fizz. This test is
possibilities drastically when trying to best performed on powdered minerals.
identify an unknown specimen. Calcite (calcium carbonate) will
 Feel - Some minerals, notably talc and effervesce readily in either massive or
graphite, feel greasy or slippery when powdered form, but dolomite (calcium-
you rub your fingers over them. The magnesium carbonate) reacts best as
greasiness occurs because bonds are a powder.
so weak in one direction that your finger
pressure alone is enough to break them
and to slide planes of atoms past
neighboring atomic layers

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