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"Smart Irrigation System Using Internet of Things": Under The Guidance of

This document proposes a smart irrigation system using Internet of Things (IoT) technology. It involves sensing soil moisture and humidity using sensors connected to a NodeMCU microcontroller. The sensor data will be sent to a backend server using IoT protocols and stored in a MongoDB database. A user interface will allow farmers to monitor sensor readings in real-time and control irrigation using tools like Node.js, Grafana, and Prometheus. The system aims to automate irrigation based on soil conditions and save water.

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ANKIT KUMAR
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158 views32 pages

"Smart Irrigation System Using Internet of Things": Under The Guidance of

This document proposes a smart irrigation system using Internet of Things (IoT) technology. It involves sensing soil moisture and humidity using sensors connected to a NodeMCU microcontroller. The sensor data will be sent to a backend server using IoT protocols and stored in a MongoDB database. A user interface will allow farmers to monitor sensor readings in real-time and control irrigation using tools like Node.js, Grafana, and Prometheus. The system aims to automate irrigation based on soil conditions and save water.

Uploaded by

ANKIT KUMAR
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 32

“SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEM USING

INTERNET OF THINGS”

Under the Guidance of


Dr. Dushyant Singh
Presented By
Bhuvnesh Singh (1500431007)
Dharmendra Kumar (1400431014)
Amit Kumar (1500431003)
Ajeet Singh (1500431002)
Contents
➢ Introduction
➢ Objectives
➢ Literature review
➢ Proposed system
➢ Sensing Section with NodeMCU
➢ Back-End and user interface
➢ Controlling circuit
➢ Flow graph
Introduction
➢ In the India population crossing 1.35 billion in 2017, a balance between the optimum
population growth and a healthy of nation is far to be achieved.
➢ The rising population, there is a need for increased agricultural production. Irrigated
agriculture has been an extremely important source increased agricultural production.
➢ Now a days people wants to observe their work from anywhere on their digital
devices such as Smartphone and tablet or laptop.
➢ This presentation is for to create an IOT based automated irrigation systems which
turns the pumping motor ON and OFF on detecting the moisture content and
sufficient water level and pass data through IOT platform.
Objectives
➢ To save water and reduce human intervention in the agriculture field.
➢ Continuously Monitoring the status of sensors and provide signal for
taking necessary action.
➢ To get the output of soil water sensor and provide water to crop.
➢ To observe other parameters for better yield.
➢ To increase productivity.
➢ To visualize water level and soil moisture in real time.
Literature review

➢ Karan kansara (2015) proposed an automated irrigation system where the humidity
and temperature sensors are used to sense the soil conditions and based on that
microcontroller will control the water flow. Farmer will be intimated through GSM.
This system doesn’t monitor the nutrient content in the soil [1].

➢ Archana and Priya (2016) proposed a paper in which the humidity and soil moisture
sensors are placed in the root zone of the plant. Based on the sensed values the
microcontroller is used to control the supply of water to the field. This system doesn’t
intimate the farmer about the field status [2].
➢ Sonali D.Gainwar and Dinesh V. Rojatkar (2015) proposed a paper in which soil
parameters such as humidity, moisture and temperature are measured for getting high
yield from soil. This system is fully automated which turns the motor pump ON/OFF
as per the level of moisture in the soil. The current field status is not intimated to the
farmer[3].

➢ S.Reshma and B.A.Sarath (2016) proposed an IOT based automatic irrigation system
using wireless sensor networks in which various sensors are used to measure the soil
parameters. This system provides a web interface to the user to monitor and control
the system remotely. Weather monitoring is not done in this system[4].
➢ Jayveer singh (2015) :The Arduino board and soil moisture sensor based irrigation
system proves to be a real time response control system which monitors and wheel all
the activities of irrigation system. The present system is a model to modernize the
agriculture industries at a mass scale with optimum expenditure. An automated
irrigation model is designed and implemented this model considering low cost,
reliability, and automatic control. As the proposed model is automatically controlled
it will help the farmers to properly irrigate their fields. The model always ensures the
sufficient level of water in different fields avoiding the under-irrigation and over-
irrigation
➢ Rashid et al (2013) : The fertility meter and ph. meter to determine the percentage of
potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen which are the most important ingredients of soil.
Now after measuring fertility of soil, we have implanted the automatic plant irrigator
for DRIP irrigation through wireless. Both techniques will help to judge fertility and
moisture content of soil. This application of sensor-based irrigation has some
advantages such as preventing moisture stress of trees, diminishing of excessive
water usage, ensuring of rapid growing weeds, measuring fertility of soil.
Proposed system
The system is a combination of hardware and software components. The hardware
part consists of embedded system and software is the web page designed using IOT
components. The webpage is hosted online and consists of a database in which readings
from sensors are inserted using the hardware.
So the proposed system have 3 different section to work on. These sections are-

I. Sensing Section with NodeMCU


II. Back-End and user interface
III. Controlling circuit
proposed system network
Sensing Section with NodeMCU

Two sensors used in the system which are mainly as follows:

1. Soil moisture sensor


2. Humidity sensor
1. Soil Moisture sensor

➢ YL-69 soil moisture sensor will use for collect soil moisture data.
➢ The sensor YL-69 is made up of two electrodes.
➢ In this sensor we are using 2 probes to be dipped into the soil as per moisture we will
get Analog Output variations from 0.60- 12 volts.
➢ Input Voltage 12V DC.
2. Humidity and temperature sensor

➢ It measures both air temperature and moisture.


➢ Relative humidity expressed as a percentage.
➢ HS1100 is used for sensing humidity.
➢ The output is given in terms of frequency range 5khz to
10khz.
Specifications:

1 Vcc Power supply 3.5V to 5.5V

2 Data Outputs both Temperature and Humidity through serial


Data

3 Ground Connected to the ground of the circuit


Node MCU
➢ The ESP8266 is the name of a
micro controller designed by
Espressif Systems.

➢ The ESP8266 itself is a self-


contained WiFi networking
solution offering as a bridge from
existing microcontroller to WiFi
and is also capable of running
self-contained applications.
➢ This module comes with a built
in USB connector and a rich
assortment of pin-outs. With a
micro USB cable, you can
connect NodeMCU devkit to your
laptop and flash it without any
trouble, just like Arduino.

➢ It is also immediately breadboard


friendly.
Node MCU Specification
GPIO (General Purpose Input Output) Pins:
NodeMCU has general purpose input output pins on its
board as shown in above pinout diagram. We can make it
digital high/low and control things like LED or switch on
it. Also, we can generate PWM signal on these GPIO
pins.
ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) channel (A0):
NodeMCU has one ADC channel/pin on its board.
SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) Pins:
NodeMCU based ESP8266 has Hardware SPI (HSPI)
with four pins available for SPI communication. It also
has SPI pins for Quad-SPI communication. With this SPI
interface, we can connect any SPI enabled device with
NodeMCU and make communication possible with it.
Node MCU Specification
➢ Voltage:3.3V.
➢ Wi-Fi Direct
➢ Current consumption:
10uA~170mA
➢ Integrated TCP/IP protocol
stack.
➢ GPIOs: 17 (multiplexed with
other functions)
➢ Maximum concurrent TCP
connections: 5
1. Sensing Section with NodeMCU
Back-End and user interface

There are some tools, software and modules that are used for making
backend of this project. These are given as--

➢ Mongodb database
➢ Node js server
➢ ESPlorer
➢ Postman
➢ Grafana
➢ Prometheus
MongoDB

➢ MongoDB is an open-source document database and leading NoSQL

database. MongoDB is written in C++.


➢ MongoDB provides basic and advanced concepts of SQL.
➢ A record in MongoDB is a document, which is a data structure composed of
field and value pairs.
➢ In MongoDB, you can search by field, range query and it also supports
regular expression searches.
Node js
Following are the areas where Node.js is proving
itself as a perfect technology partner.
➢ Data Streaming Applications
➢ Data Intensive Real-time Applications (DIRT)
➢ JSON APIs based Applications
➢ Single Page Applications
Following are some of the important features that
make Node.js the first choice of software architects.
➢ Asynchronous and Event Driven
➢ Very Fast
➢ Single Threaded but Highly Scalable
➢ No Buffering
ESPlorer
ESPlorer is an Lua based IDE used to develop applications for NodeMCU. Lua
scripts are generally used to program the NodeMCU. Lua is an open source, lightweight,
embeddable scripting language built on top of C programming language i.e. it has base of
C programming language.

➢ To start with Lua script for NodeMCU, we can use ESPlorer IDE. The ESPlorer is an
IDE for ESP developer.
➢ ESPlorer IDE allows you to establish serial communication with your ESP8266, send
commands, upload code and much more.
Postman

Postman is an API(application programming interface) development tool which helps


to build, test and modify APIs. Almost any functionality that could be needed by any
developer is encapsulated in this tool. It is used by over 5 million developers every month
to make their API development easy and simple.

➢ It has the ability to make various types of HTTP requests(GET, POST, PUT,
PATCH), saving environments for later use, converting the API to code for various
languages(like JavaScript, Python).
➢ In this project, we will use the Postman software to send and receive requests, POST
data to the server.
postman
Grafana

Grafana is a beautiful dashboard for displaying various Graphite metrics through a


web browser. Grafana is nice because it is simple to set up and maintain and is easy to use
and displays metrics in a very nice display style.One very nice feature of this product
offering is that you do not need to worry about any of the behind the scenes details or
intricacies of how all of the Grafana components work together.

➢ Grafana is an open-source, general purpose dashboard and graph composer, which


runs as a web application.
➢ It supports graphite, InfluxDB or opentsdb as backends.
Grafana
Prometheus

➢ Prometheus is an open-source systems monitoring and alerting toolkit.


➢ It is a multi-dimensional data model with time series data identified by metric name
and key/value pairs.
➢ It is a flexible query language to leverage this dimensionality.
➢ time series collection happens via a pull model over HTTP.
➢ multiple modes of graphing and dashboarding support.
➢ It is used to accept the data from mongodb database object model and provide to
understood by grafana.
Controlling circuit
Flow graph:
References
[01] Dr. Narayan G. Hegde, “Water Scarcity and Security in India”, BAIF
Development Research Foundation, Pune.

[02]Marvin T. Batte, “Changing computer use in agriculture: evidence from


Ohio”, Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, Elsevier science publishers,
vol. 47, 1–13,2005.

[03] Karan Kansara, Vishal Zaveri, Shreyans Shah, Sandip Delwadkar, and
Kaushal Jani “Sensor based Automated Irrigation System with IOT: A Technical
Review”,(IJCSIT) International Journal of Computer Science and Information
Technologies.
[4] Pavithra D.S, M.S.Srinath GSM based Automatic Irrigation Control System for
Efficient Use of Resources and Crop Planning by Using an Android Mobile.

[05] REVIEW PAPER BASED ON AUTOMATIC IRRIGATION SYSTEM BASED ON


RF MODULE, by Ms. Deweshvree Rane PG Scholar - VLSI, Sevagram, Wardha, India.
Published by IJAICT Volume 1, Issue 9, January 2015 .

[06] SENSOR BASED AUTOMATED IRRIGATION SYSTEM WITH IoT: A


TECHNICAL REVIEW by Karan Kanasura, Vishal Zaveri, Babu Madhav Institute of
Technology, Uka Tasadia University, Bardoli, Gujarat, India : ISSN:0975-9646.

[07] Gayathri Natarajan and Dr. L. Ashok Kumar, Implementation of IoT Based Smart
Village for the Rural Development, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and
Technology 8(8), 2017, pp. 1212–1222.

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