BLOOD
PRODUCTS(COLLECTION
PROCESS,STORAGE) & RBC
PRESENTED BY:
OPPILINIWASH.M
BLOOD
Main transport system in the body:
It carries raw materials and finished products from
where they originate to where they are used and
transports waste products to disposal sites
Accounts for about 7 percent of the body weight of
a normal adult.
Blood is composed of plasma & cells suspended in
plasma (red cells ,platelets, white cells [neutophils,
basophils, lymphocytes].
PLASMA
Plasma is largely made up of water in which many constituents are
dissolved.These constituents include
Proteins:albumin is the most common protein in blood. albumin made
by the liver,Erythropoietin , a protein made by the kidneys that stimulate
red cell production.
Hormones,Minerals,Vitamins,Electrolytes.
BLOOD PRODUCTS
Any therapeutic substance prepared from human blood.
Whole Blood: Unseperated blood collected into an approved
container containing an anticoagulant preservative solution.
Blood component:constituent of blood,seperated from whole
blood,such as red cell concentrate,red cell
suspension,plasma,platelet concentration.
Plasma Derivative:Human plasma proteins prepared under
pharmaceutical manufacturing conditions such as
albumin,coagulation,immunoglobulins.
COLLECTION OF BLOOD
• Blood is collected aseptically from the median cubital vein,in the
front elbow.
• This blood is put into a sterile container containing an anticoagulant
solution and the bottle is gently shaken to ensure that blood and
anticoagulant are well mixed.Thus preventing the formation of small
fibrin clots.
• A maximum of 450ml of blood is taken in one attendance
• Immediately afterwards the container is sealed and cooled to 2-6
degrees centigrade for storage.
STORAGE
• Dried plasma ,kept below 20 degrees centigrade and protected from
light,moisture and oxygen remains usable almost indefinitely.
• Arbitrary expiry date of about 5 years.
• Its fitness for use is shown by its solubility when reconstitueted in a
volume of water for injection ,sodium chloride injection or a solution
containing 2.5% dextrose & 0.45% sodium chloride.
• It must dissolve completely within 10 mins at room temperature.
• Gel formation or incomplete solution indicates deterioration.
• After reconstitution it must be used immediately.
RED BLOOD CELLS (RBC)
INTRODUCTION
• RBC- red cells/red blood corpuscles/haematids/erythroid
cells/erythrocytes.
• Derived from greek erythros for “red”and kytos for “hollow
vessel”,with –cyte translated as “cell” in modern usage.
• Non nucleated formed elements in the blood.
• It lacks cytoplasmic organelles such as nucleolus,mitochondria &
ribosomes.
• The red color of RBC is due to presence of hemoglobin (90%).
VARIATIONS
• PHYSIOLOGIC CAUSES OF INCREASE COUNT:
• Age
• Gender
• High altitude
• Exercise
• Temperature
• Meal
DECREASE IN COUNT:
• High barometric pressure
• Pressure
• Preganancy
• Sleep
DIMENSIONS
• Shape : Biconcave
• Size :7.2um diameter
• Thickness : 2um at the periphery and 1um at the center.
• Volume :87 cubic um.
COMPOSITION
• 62.5% water
• 35% hemoglobin
• 2.5% sugar – glucose
• Lipids –cephalin, cholesterol & lecithin
• Protein-Glutathione :insoluble protein which acts as areducing agent
& prevents damage of hemoglobin
• Enzymes – carbonic anhydrase and catalyse
• Ions –Na+,k+,ca2+.
NORMAL COUNT
• Adult males: 4.5-6 million cu mm of blood.
• Adult females: 4-5.5 million cu mm of blood.
• At Birth: 6.7 million cu mm of blood.
FUNCTIONS
• Respiratory
• Acid Base balance
• Maintain viscosity
• Pigment : various pigments are derived from hemoglobin after
disintegration of RBC.
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