Globalization
Globalization Definitions
Globalization: the Widening,
Deepening & speeding up of World
Wide interconnectedness
Globalization is a Contentious issue
in the study of World Politics
The
intensification of worldwide
social relations which links distant
localities in such a way that local
happening are shaped by events
occurring many miles away & vice
versa
The integration of the World-
economy (Glipin 2001: 364)
De-territorialization or .the
growth of supraterritorial
relations between people
(Scholte 200: 46)
Time- space compressions'
(Harvey 1989)
Concept of Hyper globalists. Bringing
about the demise of sovereign Nation
States - as global forces undermine the
ability of govts to Control their own
economies & societies
Sceptics View point. Rejects the idea of
globalization as so much globaloney
argue that state & Geo Politics remain
the Principle forces shaping World Order
Transformationalist Perspective . As per
this thought Hyper globalists & Sceptics
alike exaggerate their arguments &
misconstrue the Contemporary World
Order
While
transformationalist takes
globalization
seriously;
they
believe that, it is leading not so
much to demise of sovereign
state, but to a globalization of
Politics
It
is emergence of conspicuously
Global politics in which the
traditional distinction between
domestic & international affairs
is not terribly meaningful
Making Sense of
Globalization
Over the last three decades:
the sheer scale & scope of global
interconnectedness has become
increasingly evident in every
sphere from the economy to the
cultural
World economic integration has
intensified with the expansion of
global commerce,
finance &
productions
Globalization links together the
fate of nations
Crises in one region, are
anywhere in the world alike;
felt
the collapse of the Argentinean
economy in 2002
East Asian recession- 1997
A slowdown in the US economy
Global recession and food crises-2008
Effects of all felt everywhere from
Birmingham to Bangkok
All these acts take their toll on jobs,
production, savings, & investment
many thousands of miles away
Transnational corporations accounts for
25 to 33% of world output, 70% world
trade & 80% intl investment
Organization & mobilization of like
minded people across the globe through
new modes & infrastructure of global
communication
Transnational spread of ideas, cultures
& information
As globalization has proceeded so has
the
recognition
of
transnational
problems requiring global regulation,
climate change to the proliferation of
weapons of mass destruction
Move of the people like migrants or
otherwise legal and illegal for the
search of better living brings along
their culture, ideas business etc.
600 millions tourists move each year
Movements from South to North and
East to West
Growing awareness of the multiple
ways in which the Security &
prosperity
of
communities
in
different regions of the World is
bound together
In conclusion the Globalization is
variously
defined
in
the
literature
as:
The
intensification of worldwide
social relations which links
distant localities in such a
way that local happening
are
shaped
by
events
occurring many miles away
& vice versa
Summary
Over the last three decades the
sheer
scale,
scope
of
global
interconnectedness
has
become
increasingly evident in every sphere
from economic to the cultural
Skeptics
do not regard this as
evidence of globalization if that
term means something more than
simply
international
interdependence,
i.e.
linkages
between countries
Conceptualizing Globalization
Although geography & distance still
matter, it is nevertheless the case that
globalization is synonymous with a
process of time space compressions
literally a shrinking world in which
the source of even very local
developments, from unemployment to
ethnic conflict, may be traced to
distant conditions or decisions
Globalization
is a process of deterritorialization of social, political &
economic
activities
no
longer
organized strictly to the borders
In
summary : globalizations is a
process which involves much more
than simply growing connections or
interdependence between states
It is rather a historical process
involving a fundamental shift or
transformation in the spatial scale of
human social organizations that
links distant communities & expands
the reach of power relations across
regions & continents
Globalizations
is evident in the
growing
extensity,
intensity,
velocity, & deepening impact of
worldwide interconnectedness
Globalizations denotes a shift in a
scale of social organizations, the
emergence of the world as a
shared social space, the relative
detteritorialization
of
social,
economic & political activity, &
the relative detteritorialization of
power
Globalizations
can
be
conceptualized as fundamental shift
or transformation in the spatial
scale of human social organization
that links distant communities &
expands the reach of power
relations across regions & contents
Globalizations is to be distinguished
from
internationalization
&
regionalization
Globalizations focus on three
interrelated factors
Techniques: Central to any account of
globalization since it is a truism that
without
modern
communications
infrastructure, in particular, a global
system or worldwide economy would not
be possible
Economics: Crucial specially Economic
Logic Capitalist's insatiable requirement
for new markets & profits lead inevitably
to the globalization of economic activity
Politics:
- Shorthand here for
ideas,
interests,
&
powerconstitutes the third logic of
globalizations
If technology provides the physical
infrastructure of globalization,
politics provides its normative
infrastructure
Government, such as those of the
USA & the UK, have been critical
actors in nurturing the process of
globalization
Three Waves of
Globalization
In the first wave, the age of discovery
(1450- 1850), globalization was decisively
shaped
by
European
expansions
&
conquest
The second wave (1850- 1945), evidenced a
major
expansions
in
the
spread
&
entrenchment of European empire
Third wave; by compressions, contemporary
globalizations (1960 on) marks a new epoch in
human affairs
Just as the industrial revolutions & the
expansion of the West in nineteen century
defined a new age in world history - So today
the microchip & the satellite are icons of a
globalize world order
Summary
The contemporary phase of globalizations
has proved more robust in the aftermath
of 9/11 than the skeptics recognize
Contemporary
globalization
is
a
multidimensional,
uneven,
&
asymmetrical
Contemporary
globalization
is
best
described as a thick form of globalizations
or globalism
