Network Management
Cisco Networking Academy
Chapter 2
Documentation
Cut sheet diagrams
diagrams that indicate the path of the
physical wiring layout;
the type of cable
the length of each cable
the type of termination for the cable
physical location of each wall plate or
patch panel
labeling scheme for easy identification
of each wire.
Documentation Tools
Microsoft Visio
Physical layout (OSI Layers 1 & 2)
Logical Layout (OSI Layer 3)
Flow Charting
MDF & IDF planning and layout
Network services & application
structure (OSI layers 4-7)
Auto discovery of network topologies
Visio
Internet
Diagraming
Router
Workstation #1
Server
Ethernet
Workstation #2
Laser printer
Devices
Topology
Data Flow
MDF & IDF Layouts
Documentation will
include
Created with Microsoft Visio 2000
Map of location
physical layout of rack
mounts
auxiliary equipment, and
servers
patch panel labels to
identify cable terminations.
Identification and
configuration details of all
equipment located in the
distribution facility
Server & Workstation
Documentation
Each computer should be inventoried and
the following attributes should be logged
TIP
Tools like
msinfo32.exe
on Windows
9x can help
you obtain
this
information.
make and model of computer &serial number,
purchase date and warranty information
hard drives, floppy drives, DVD/CD-ROM drive
Network, sound & other peripheral cards
amount of RAM
IRQ, DMA and Base memory address config
physical location, user, and network identification
IP address
MAC address
Subnet
Topology in this document.
Software configurations
Maintaining a list of current software
in use is important for these reasons
Applications being used may affect the
network performance and design
Increases ability to maintain and
troubleshoot problems
Allows your organization to maintain
license compliance
Maintenance records
Each time you configure a network
device you should keep a record of
it
Updates your inventory
Allows you to troubleshoot a given
configuration, noting changes
Allows you to track time spent on a
particular device or issue
Security measures
A list of user rights and/or
permissions
A logical topology of which networks
connect where
Physical security
Logical (software or rule based) security
ACLs
Packet Filtering through firewalls
User policies
Who gets what, where and when
Administrator implement organizational
policies regarding
Access to data and resources
Usernames & Password standards
Information should be included in
employees (users) documentation
Policies
Acceptable Use statement
Network Security
Measures
Make the network as secure as possible against
unauthorized access
This is done by establishing security policies
minimum password length
maximum password age
unique passwords
Restricted time access by day and/or time
Informing users of the company's network
policies
Establishing physical security of data stores
Data backup and recovery
Tape or Optical backup media
Allows for data recovery
Off site storage
Uninterruptible Power Supplies
(UPS)
Protects against power loss
Data backups (tape and
disk)
Full backup
Incremental
Copies every specified data source
Copies only data that has changed since
any backup (archive bit is cleared)
Differential
Copies only data that has changed since
last full backup (archive bit is not
cleared)
Redundancy (storage
devices)
Redundant Array of Inexpensive
Disks (RAID)
RAID 0 Stripes data across multiple disks, no parity, so
there is no redundancy.
RAID 1 Disk mirroring (disk duplexing) writes data to two
identical partitions on separate hard disks. Disk duplexing
uses two hard disk controller cards
RAID 2 Writes data across multiple hard disks, with error
checking.
RAID 3 Stripes data one byte at a time and has a
dedicated parity drive.
RAID 4 Stripes data one sector at a time and has a
dedicated parity drive.
RAID 5 Stripes data and parity across multiple disks
(require a minimum of 3 drives). By mixing the parity
across all of the disks, a separate parity disk is not
required and yet full data redundancy is achieved.
Physical & Environmental
Damage
Static Electricity
Contaminents
Dusk
Smoke
Temperature and
Humidity
Computer Viruses
Virus
Executable program that "infects"
computer files
Often sent over the Internet as Email
attachments. A Trojan Horse.
Worm
A program that propagates itself across
computer networks
Baselining
TIP
Use Sniffer,
Windows NT
NetMon or
Flukes
LANMeter to
establish
baselines
Establish a baseline
performance for your
network
Used to monitor changes
topology or device location
Peer to Peer Networking
Easy to implement
Inexpensive
Does not require dedicated server
No server software required
No centralized administration or user
account database
May be more difficult to administer
Users have multiple usernames and
passwords
Client/Server Networking
Centralized admin and user
account database
More expensive than Peer to Peer
Dedicated server and software
Dedicated Admin
Single points of failure
Network control and
management
User rights are set by an administrator to
permit or deny access to particular resource
on a network
Groups are a logical grouping of users on the
network.
Profiles will allow a user or admin to
customize the user interface on a computer
and then be able to use that profile at any
computer they connect to the network
Scientific Method for
troubleshooting
Identify network/user problem.
Gather data about
network/user problem.
Analyze data to come up with
a possible solution to the
problem.
Implement solution to network
to attempt correction to the
system.
If the problem isn't resolved,
undo previous changes and
modify data.
Go to step 3
The End
