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  • Sericulture

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    spirit571
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    Sericulture is the process of raising silkworms to produce silk. Bombyx mori is the most widely used silkworm. The production process begins with silkworm eggs hatching and the larvae feeding on mulberry leaves. When ready, the silkworms spin silk cocoons from glands in their heads. Multiple cocoons are required to produce 1 kg of raw silk. The silk threads are then dyed, spun, and woven by hand into Thai silk fabric in a multi-step process. Sericulture has played an important role in history through developments like the Silk Road and remains relevant today through advances like silkworm transgenesis.

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    Sericulture is the process of raising silkworms to produce silk. Bombyx mori is the most widely used silkworm. The production process begins with silkworm eggs hatching and the larvae feeding on mulberry leaves. When ready, the silkworms spin silk cocoons from glands in their heads. Multiple cocoons are required to produce 1 kg of raw silk. The silk threads are then dyed, spun, and woven by hand into Thai silk fabric in a multi-step process. Sericulture has played an important role in history through developments like the Silk Road and remains relevant today through advances like silkworm transgenesis.

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    410 views11 pages

    Sericulture

    Uploaded by

    spirit571
    Sericulture is the process of raising silkworms to produce silk. Bombyx mori is the most widely used silkworm. The production process begins with silkworm eggs hatching and the larvae feeding on mulberry leaves. When ready, the silkworms spin silk cocoons from glands in their heads. Multiple cocoons are required to produce 1 kg of raw silk. The silk threads are then dyed, spun, and woven by hand into Thai silk fabric in a multi-step process. Sericulture has played an important role in history through developments like the Silk Road and remains relevant today through advances like silkworm transgenesis.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 11

    Sericulture, orSilk farming, is the

    rearing ofsilkwormsfor the


    production ofsilk. Although there are
    several commercial species of
    silkworms,Bombyx mori is the most
    widely used and intensively studied
    silkworm. Silk is known as the queen
    of textile and Biosteel because of its
    strength.

    Stages of
    Production
    The silk moth lays eggs.
    The eggs hatch, and the larvae feed on mulberry leaves.
    When the silkworms are about 10,000 times heavier than

    when they hatched, they are ready to spin a silk cocoon.


    The silk is produced in two glands in the silkworm's head
    and then forced out in liquid form through openings
    called spinnerets.
    The silk solidifies when it comes in contact with the air.
    The silkworm spins approximately 1 mile of filament and
    completely encloses itself in a cocoon in about two or
    three days.
    Due to quality restrictions, the amount of usable silk in
    each cocoon is small. As a result, 5500 silkworms are
    required to produce 1kg of silk.
    The silk at the cocoon stage is known as raw silk. One
    thread consists of up to 48 individual silk filaments.

    Life cycle of
    Silkworm

    Method of Silk
    production

    STEP 1
    Young silk worms prefer
    tender young mulberry
    leaves fed 3 times a day.
    On average, 36,000
    worms consume 1 ton of
    mulberry leaf over their
    lifetime. The silk worms
    increase in length by
    more than 40 times
    (approx. 3 inches) within
    20 days of their feeding
    time and shed their skin 4
    times in the process.
    When the silk worms are
    ready to spin, they are
    put into a round basket
    covered by cloth to keep
    them free from flies.

    STEP 2
    After the worms are
    completely
    transformed into
    cocoons, the cocoons
    are put into hot,
    almost boiling water.
    The filaments from
    several cocoons are
    then reeled together
    on a wooden spindle
    into a uniform strand
    of raw silk. Each Thai
    silk cocoon can give
    about 700 yards long
    of filament.

    STEP 3
    Thai silk yarns must be
    washed and degummed
    by immersing the skeins
    in large tubs of hot
    water then dried under
    the sun. Dyes are
    prepared in a dye bath.
    Once the dye is ready,
    the clean yarns are then
    immerse in the dye bath
    and boil with constant
    rotation of the yarn. The
    dyed yarns are hung in
    the shade to dry before
    they can be spun.

    STEP 4
    Thai silk yarns are then
    spun by hands on
    wooden or plastic tubes
    to be prepared for warp
    or weft. To make heavier
    silk, two or more weft
    yarns are reeled
    together by hands to
    make a thicker silk yarn.
    The more number of weft
    yarn reeled together, the
    heavier the silk fabric
    becomes. The term "ply"
    i.e. 2-ply, 4-ply, 6-ply is
    often used to indicate
    the weight of Thai silk
    fabric.

    STEP 5
    After the warp and weft are
    prepared, the loom is set
    and the weaving can begin.
    Most of the Thai silk is
    hand-woven which gives it a
    lustrous sheen and slightly
    uneven texture that
    distinguishes it from the
    sleek machine-woven fabric.
    Weaving silk by hand loom
    is a rather time consuming
    and require special skill. A
    skilled weaver can weave a
    few inches a day on a very
    complicated weave. A fast
    weaver can weave up to a
    maximum of 9-10 yards a
    day for a simple plain
    weave.

    Sericulture(silkworm) was the origin of many


    major changes in the world, for example:
    the Silk Routes, the first acts of globalization;
    the study of the diseases of the silkworm by Pasteur,

    the advent of microbiology;


    transgenesis of the silkworm, animal biotechnology.
    Sericulture, although practiced of more than 5,000
    years, has certainly a role to play for the 5,000 years
    to come.

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