Photogrammetry
Dr. Razak Zakariya
Lecturer
Department of Marine Science
FMSM
UMT
By
O!ecti"e#
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To e%p&ain the fun'amenta& e&ement( of
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photogrammetry
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aeria& photograph(
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photo interpretation.
)hat i( photogrammetry *
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Photogrammetry i( the art+ (cience an'
techno&ogy of e%trating information from
photographic image(.
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Photo , &ight
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-ramma , to 'ra.
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Metron , to mea(ure
Types of photogrammetry
/. Metric photogrammetry
,
mea(urement( on height+ 'i(tance an'
earing an' compi&e( the(e into a map of
'igita& 'ata for -0S
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Terre(tria& photograph(
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1eria& photograph(
2. 0nterpretati"e photogrammetry
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photographic interpretation an' remote
(en(ing
Metric Photogrammetry
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0n"o&"ing making preci(e mea(urement( from
photo( an' other information (ource(.
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Sur"eying app&ication
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1pp&ication( u(e to 'etermine 'i(tance+
e&e"ation(+ area(+ "o&ume( an' cro((3(ection(
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To compi&e topographic map( from photographic
mea(ufrement(
Interpretative Photogrammetry
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0n"o&"e( recognizing o!ect( from photographic
image(
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U(e( image( create' from (ate&&ite imagery
.hich (en(e( energy .a"e&ength(
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Form( a(i( for remote (en(ing 4art or (cience
of gathering information aout an o!ect or
image .ithout actua&&y coming into phy(ica&
contact5
Importance of photogrammetry
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Pre"iou(&y , important metho' of
pro'ucing topographic map(.
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6o. , important 'igita& 'ata (ource for
-0S
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Digita& 7&e"ation Mo'e& 4D7M5
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Orthoimage mo(aic , no 'i(tortion
3 georeference(
History of Photogrammetry
$ /89: , the apperence of point( an' &ine( to the eye
$ /;2< , pro!ecti"e geometry 4De(argue( =.5
$ /><? , -eometry of the per(pecti"e image
$ /9@? , Si&"er emu&(ion( an' the fir(t (hort e%po(ure 4DaAuerre5
$ /9<9 , Bite an' photo3theo'o&ite photography for
mapping 4Lau((e'at5
$ /9?@ , Pu&i(he( a paper u(ing the term
photogrammetry 4Mey'enauer5
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/?:: , Ba&&oon photography .ith &arge format camera 4Scheimpf&ug5
$ /?/@ , 1irp&ane photography for a photomo(aic of Bengha(i
4Tar"i'o5
$ /?2: , /?8: , Pro'uction &ine aeria& mapping
$ )or&' )ar 2 , 1cce&erate' mapping programe(+ 'e"e&opment of
photo interpretation techniAue.
$ /?8< , /?;: , 7ra of nationa& mapping authoritie(.
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/?;:( , Re3emergence of c&o(e range photogrammetry
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/?>:( , De"e&opment of computer techno&ogy a(e'
(y(tem(
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/?9:( , 0ntro'uction of ana&ytica& (y(tem( a(e' on
per(ona& computer(
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/??:( , 0ntro'uction of 'igita& image (y(tem na(e' on
.ork (tation( an' per(one& computer(
$ Digita& 4(oftcopy5 (tereop&otter
$ StereoSPOT image(
$ Cigh Re(o&ution Sate&&ite 0mage( 3 0BO6OS
Phase of Development
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Pha(e / , 1na&ogue photogrammetry
$ the input i( har'copy aeria& photograph 4'iapo(iti"e(5+
(tereomo'e& (et3up i( 'one manua&&y in the (tereop&otter an'
the output i( har'copy map(.
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Pha(e 2 , 6umerica& photogrammetry
$ the input i( a&(o har'copy aeria& photograph(. 1&though
computation for the (tereomo'e& (et3up i( 'one numerica&&y+
the mo'e& (et3up i( (ti&& 'one manua&&y. The output i( either in
har'copy form or in 'igita& format.
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Pha(e @ , 1na&ytica& photigrammetry
$ har'copy aeria& photograph a( the input to the (treop&otter.
The (tereomo'e& (et3up i( 'one .ith the a((i(tance of 'igita&
computer
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Pha(e 8 , Digita& Photogrammetry
$ a&& the three component( 4input+ mo'e& an' output5 are in
'igita& format. The 'igita& 4(oft5 characteri(tic( of 'igita&
photogrammetry ring( greater f&e%ii&ity in term( of 'ata
input+ 'ata output an' 'ata manipu&ation.
=haracteri(tic of photogrammetry at
'ifferent (tage( of 'e"e&opment
Stage of
'e"e&opment
0nput
component
Mo'e&
component
Output
component
Degree of
Dhar'ne((E
Degree of
f&e%ii&ity
1na&ogue
6umerica&
1na&ytica&
Digita&
Car'
Car'
Car'
Soft
Car'
Car'
Soft
Car'
Soft
Soft
Soft
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2
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