STD. XI DIV. H ROLL NOS.
1131-1135 PRESENT A POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON
NETWORKING
Basic Computer Network
Computer Network
A computer network is a group of interconnected "network capable devices.
Basic Hardware Components
Switch Network Interface Card (NIC)
Hub
Router
Cable
Connecting to the Internet
Requirement
A computer or PDA or cell phone An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider) A modem (modulator/demodulator) for dial-up
services or a NIC (Network Interface Card) for DSL/Cable services
Home Network (single machine)
Wall Jack
DSL/Cable Modem USB/Ethernet Cable
Home Network (multiple machines)
Wall Jack
DSL/Cable Modem USB/Ethernet Cable
Hub/Switch/Router
Home Network (multiple machines)
Wall Jack
Ethernet Cable DSL/Cable Modem Hub/Switch/Router
Home Wireless Network
Wall Jack
Ethernet Cable DSL/Cable Modem Hub/Switch/Router
Connection Types
LAN
WLAN
Dial-up Services Broadband Services WAN
LAN (Local Area Network)
A network of computers that are in the same physical
location, such as home or building Usually connected using Ethernet
A standard on how computers communicate over a
shared media (cable)
Old: BNC connector for coaxial cable New: RJ45 for twisted pair cable
LAN (Local Area Network)
Ethernet Standard
10BaseT 10Mbps (Mega bits per second) 100BaseT 100Mbps 1000BaseT 1000Mbps or 1Gbps
WLAN (Wireless LAN)
Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) A wireless technology that connects computers without cables Access Point (AP) A device (base station) that connects wireless devices together Usually connected to a wired-network ESSID (Extended Service Set ID) A name for the AP, eg. mobilenet Hotspot The area covered by wireless access points
WLAN (Wireless LAN)
Standard
802.11b - 11Mbps
802.11g - 54Mbps 802.11a - 54Mbps
2.4G 5G
Security
WEP (Wired Equivalen Privacy) WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) To prevent wardriving
Dial-up Services
Modem
Modulator/demodulator A device that converts analog signal to digital
(modulation) and vice versa (demodulation) Speed
1200/2400/9600 bps
14.4/28.8/33.6 Kbps 56 Kbps
Dial-up Services
ISDN
Integrated Services Digital Network 2 data channel (56K each) 1 voice channel
Broadband Services
xDSL (Digital Subscriber Line) A technology that provides digital data transmission over unused frequencies on traditional telephone lines For example, ADSL (Asymmetric DSL): DL > UL Speed Downlink
128Kbps - 4Mbps
64Kbps - 800Kbps
Uplink
Need a DSL modem Splitters are needed to separate the voice and data
signal
Broadband Services
Cable A technology that provides digital data transmission over cable TV infrastructure Speed
Downlink
128Kbps - 3~5Mbps 64Kbps - 128Kbps~1Mbps
Uplink
Need a cable modem
Broadband Services
Satellite A technology that provide digital data transmission over satellites Speed
Downlink
500Kbps - 1Mbps 50Kbps - 100Kbps
Uplink
Need a satellite dish
WAN (Wide Area Network)
A LAN spans a large geographic area,
such as connections between cities
Usually connected using leased line
T1 (1.5Mbps)
T3 (45Mbps)
OC3 (155Mbps) OC12 (622Mbps) OC48 (2.4Gbps)
Telecommunication lines
Fiber optic lines
WAN (Wide Area Network)
MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
Large computer networks usually spanning a city.
Hub/Switch/Router
To connect multiple segments of networks into a
larger one Hub
A multiport repeater to enhance signal within the
same LAN
Switch
Like hub but with intelligent Better performance
Router
Forward packets from one LAN to another
Intranet vs. Internet
Intranet
A private network that is contained within an
enterprise Could be LANs and WANs
Internet
A public network of networks
Both are using TCP/IP
TCP/IP
A family of protocols that makes the Internet
works
TCP/IP (cont)
Application Layer Eg. WWW, FTP, IRC, Email, telnet, Transport Layer Eg. TCP, UDP
Data
Segments Packets Frames Bits
Network Layer Eg. IP
Link Layer Eg. Ethernet, WiFi Physical Layer Eg. Ethernet Cable, fiber-optics
Packets
A small chunk of data transmitted over the
Internet
Alice
Bob
The Internet
VPN (Virtual Private Network)
A secure tunnel to a private network through a
public network Once established, local node appears to be a node in the private network in a secure manner
VPN does not mean using telephone line
connection!!!
Host & IP Address
Host
A host is a computer connected directly to the
Internet You home computer is not a host
Each host needs an IP address
IP address
A 32-bit number, arranged in 4 numbers seperated
by . Eg. 74.125.19.147
Thank You
