General Pump Training Pump
Types
Pump Types
Pumps
(1)
(2)
Positive displacementpumps
ScrewSpindle Pump
Geared Pump
Membrane (Diaphragm) Pump
Piston Pump
Pump Types
Pumps
Positive
Dynamic
Displacement
Centrifugal Special Rotary Reciprocating
Hydraulic Single/Multiple
Axial Flow Piston/Plunger
Ram Rotor
Radial/Mixed Gas Lift Diaphragm
Flow
The volute casing converts velocity (kinetic energy) to pressure energy
Where Are Pumps Found?
• Oil & Gas
• Power Generation
• Water Treatment
• General Industry
Oil & Gas Pump Applications
Oil & Gas is heavily regulated by API and other regulatory bodies. Sulzer
Pumps are commonly found Onshore and Offshore as well as Sub-sea.
Up-Stream Oil & Gas Pump Applications
Oil & Gas is heavily regulated by API and
other regulatory bodies. Sulzer Pumps are
commonly found Onshore and Offshore as
well as Sub-sea.
Up-Stream Oil & Gas Pump Applications
Oil & Gas is heavily regulated by API and
other regulatory bodies. Sulzer Pumps are
commonly found Onshore and Offshore as
well as Sub-sea.
Sea water injection
(Simplified)
Oil & Gas Pump Applications Mid-Stream & Down-Stream
Oil & Gas is heavily regulated by API and
other regulatory bodies. Sulzer Pumps are
commonly found Onshore and Offshore as
well as Sub-sea.
Performance-Critical Applications Across Power
Generation Segments
Solar
Coal
Nuclear Hydro
Carbon capture
and storage
Geothermal
Biomass
Combined
cycle Wind
Waste-to-
Distributed power energy
Solutions for power generation
Equipment Services The Power Industry is
regulated by government
Boiler feed water Pumps authorities and
Cooling water Compressors international bodies.
Condensate extraction Turbines Maintainability and safety
Molten salt circulation Motors and engines are key features, hence
replaceable modular
Carbon capture and storage Generators
components and condition
Power recovery (reverse running pumps) Other rotatingequipment monitoring is common.
Auxiliary pumps
Power Generation Applications
Power Generation Applications
Condensate
Extraction Pump
Feed water
Pump & Booster
Circulating Water
Pump
Main componentsof a singlestagepump
Pressure nozzle Flush Bearings
(Discharge)
Volute casing
Shaft
Impeller
Oilsupply
Labyrinth seal
Mechanicalseal
Suctionnozzle Wear rings
Purge/ Drain
Pump Design
Main components of a single stage pump
Wear Rings
Wear rings are used with closed impeller
pumps to restrict leakage from the high-
pressure side of the pump to the low
pressure side.
Wear ring wear is indicated by a drop in
pump efficiency. If worn beyond 2x
clearance rings should be renewed.
Pump designs–singlestage/ multistage
•Single stage •Multi stage
MC
Z, OHH
Design features: Collectors
Volute Diffuser
Pump Principles
Centrifugal Pump Operation (multistage pump)
Basic principle of a pump
stage
Diffuser Diffuser channel
Impeller
Impeller vane
channel
Diffuser +
Stage casing
Impeller +
Diffuser
Pump Principles
Diffuser system
A diffuser style casing has multiple
discharge passage ways with equal
area distributed throughout the
circumference resulting in radially
balanced rotating element.
Pump designs–suctionimpeller
•Single suction •Double suction
Z, OHH HSB
Pump designs–Double suctionimpeller
HSB
Pump designs–Orientation of theshaft
• Horizontal • Vertical
TTMC, SJD, CVT
ZF, MSD, GSG
Pump designs–Multistage pumps
MC
Pump designs–Multistage pumps
Pump designs–Multistage pumps
Pump designs–Multistage pumps
Pump designs–Multistage pumps
Pump designs–Multistage pumps
Pump designs–Multistage pumps
Pumps withMagneticCoupling
External Supply:
Lubrication / Cooling
Magnetic Coupling
Volute
Drive shaft
Impeller
Bearing
Pump shaft Product lubricated bearing
Pump Shaftsealing: MechanicalSeal / MagneticCoupling
CannedMotor Pump
Volute
Can Stator
Windings
Impeller
Rotor
Pump and drive shaft
Product lubricated bearings
Pump design –impellerarrangements
• Inline • Back-to-Back
GSG
Pump design –impeller arrangements –back to back
• The first set of impellers face one way on the shaft.
• The second set face the opposite way.
• Thrust is reduced, as forces produced by impellers balance each other.
• The fluid enters at the suction side and is discharged in the middle.
Suction Discharge
Impeller thrusts are
balanced so reduce the
overall rotor thrust
Impeller Thrust (1) Impeller Thrust (2)
Pump design –shaftorientationandbearingarrangement
Overhung Pumps BetweenBearing Pumps Vertical
Impeller is hanging over Impeller(s) betweenbearings Vertical
Shaft centreline
Pump classificationacc. toAPI 610
Classificationof pumps
OH1 toOH6
Classification according to ISO 13709 (API 610) Overhung Pumps
OH1 OH2 OH3 OH4 OH5 OH6
Sulzer SalesScope
38
OH1 pumps
Single stage, overhung
Foot-mounted
Limited in temperature
Suitable for lower pressures
Does not meet API 610 requirements
Sulzer Ahlstar
OH2 pumps
Single stage, overhung pump
Centre-line mounted
Designed for higher temperatures and pressures
Sulzer OHH
Difference between OH1 and OH2
In footmounted pumps , due to thermal expansion the volute moves upwards
and causes:
Mechanical tensions in the piping
Shaft distortion > mechanical seal leakage
Impeller / rotating parts may contact stationary components
Centre-line mounting allows thermal expansion both
Upwards and downwards
Problems by thermal growth do not occur
OH3 pumps
Vertical, in-line, single stage
Same hydraulics as a horizontal version,
OHV is an OHH, turned by 90°
Usually specified because of the small footprint
Pump Types
BetweenBearings Pumps canbeof axiallysplitorradiallysplitdesign
BB1 Axiallysplit BB2 Radiallysplit
BB1 pumps
Axially split, one-and two stage
Foot mounted
Low pressure @ high flow rates
BB1 pumps
Axially split one-and two-stage
Low pressure -intermediate flow
Main applications
Crude oil pipeline
Boiler feed boosting
Hydraulic Power RecoveryTurbine(HPRT)
BB2 pumps
Centerline support for reduced thermally induced misalignment
Radially split, one-and two stage
Main applications
High pressure services
High temperature processing
Sulzer BBS
Between bearings –multistage pumps
BetweenBearingsmultistagepumps canbeof axially/ radiallysplitorbarreldesign
Axially split BB3 Radiallysplit BB4 Barrel casingBB5
BB3 pumps - axially split
Axially split, multistage
Centerline mounted
Back-to-back or inline impeller arrangement
Sulzer MSD
Widely used in high pressure services:
Refineries, pipelines and desalination
BB3 pumps
RADIAL
AXIAL
BB4 pumps
Single casing
Radially split, multistage
Ring section (not in the scope of API 610)
High pressure applications
E.g. boiler feed in CCGT power plants Sulzer MD pump
BB5 pumps
Double-casing
radially split, multistage
Typically used for high pressure
Sulzer GSG
Boiler feed
High-pressure unit charge in refining
Ethylene shipping
BB5 pumps
Barrel Casing components
Stage
Casings
Suction
Casing
Discharge
Cover
Suction & Last Stage
Series Diffuser
Impellers
Series
Diffuser
BB5 pumps
Horizontally centreline mounted
Barrel casing, multistage
Double casingdesign
Sulzer HPT
Very high pressure main boiler feed pump
BB5 pumps
Horizontally mounted
Barrel casing, multistage
Sulzer CP pump
High pressure applications pump
E.g. oilfield water injection
BB5 pumps
Sulzer CP pump
BB5 pumps
Sulzer CP pump
Verticallysuspendedpumps(API 610)
VS1 VS2 VS3 VS4 VS5 VS6 VS7
Sulzer SalesScope
Vertically suspended pumps
The most common are VS1, VS3 and
VS6
VS1 pumps are single casing and with
diffuser discharge through column
VS3 pumps are axial flow version of VS1
pumps. Axial flow bowls move large flows
but generate lower head
VS6 pumps have in-line pipework and
double casing (suction can) with diffuser
(used with low NSPHasite conditions).
VS1 VS3 VS6
VS3 pumps -SJP
Wide flow coverage
Propeller pitch positions for maximum capacity handling
Easily modified for changing hydraulic conditions
VS4 pumps -CVT
Cantilever sump pump Interchangeable
casing and impeller with
ANSI B73.1 chemical pump
Casing and impeller in Duplex (Option) Discharge
Drive shaft pipework
Main applications
Drainage Sumps
Oily Water Sumps
Lube Oil Supply
Tank Transfer
VS6 pumps –SJD API
Reduced number of
stages results in shorter,
more reliable pumps
Double suction on larger
sizes can reduce pump
length
High efficiency with
reduced power
consumption
Main application
Shipping of liquefied
petroleum gas (LPG)
Tank farm booster
Crude oil pipeline booster
VS6 pumps –SJD API
Questions
Any questions so far?
