SP_PBI

PREBOARD SAMPLE PAPER (2025-26)

GRADE- X
SCIENCE (086)
Time allowed: 3 Hours Maximum Marks: 80
General Instructions:
● This question paper consists of 39 questions in 3 sections. Section A is Biology, Section B is
Chemistry and Section C is Physics.
● All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some questions. A student
is expected to attempt only one of these questions.
SECTION - A
Q1 In which of the following groups of organisms are food materials broken down outside the body 1
and absorbed?
A. Mushroom, green plants, amoeba B. Yeast, mushroom, bread mould
C. Paramecium, amoeba, cuscuta D. Cuscuta, lice, tapeworm
Q2 What are the products obtained by anaerobic respiration in plants? 1
A. Lactic acid + energy B. Carbon dioxide + water + energy
C. Ethanol + carbon dioxide + energy D. Pyruvate
Q3 Which of the following is NOT a function of the endocrine system? 1
A. Regulation of growth and development B. Regulation of metabolism
C. Rapid transmission of nerve impulses D. Communication through hormones
Q4 Which of the following hormones is responsible for the changes noticed in females at puberty? 1
A. Thyroxine B. Insulin C. Adrenaline D. Oestrogen
Q5 Two pink colored flowers on crossing resulted in 1 and 2 pink and 1 white flower progeny. The 1
nature of cross will be :
A. Double fertilization B. Self pollination C. Cross pollination D. No fertilization
Q6 In human respiratory system, when a person breathes in, the position of ribs and diaphragm will 1
be:
A. lifted ribs and dome shaped diaphragm B. lifted ribs and flattened diaphragm
C. relaxed ribs and flattened diaphragm D. relaxed ribs and dome shaped diaphragm
Q7 Which of the following limits the number of trophic levels in a food chain? 1
a) Water b) Polluted air and water
c) Deficient food supply d) Decrease in energy at higher trophic levels
The following two questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
Answer these questions by selecting the appropriate option given below:
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true.
Q8 Assertion (A): A geneticist crossed two pea plants and got 50% tall and 50% dwarf in the 1
progeny.
Reason (R): One plant was heterozygous tall and the other was dwarf.
Q9 Assertion (A): Ozone is formed in upper atmosphere by O2 in presence of UV radiations. 1
Reason(R): Ozone depletion will lead to UV rays reaching earth which may cause skin cancer.
Q10 Define transpiration. How does transpiration help in upward movement of water from roots to 2
leaves?

Page 1 of 6
 SP_PBI

Q11 Students to attempt either option A or B. 2

A. Write three types of blood vessels. Give one important feature of each.
OR
B. Write two water conducting tissues present in plants. How does water enter continuously into
the root xylem?
Q12 A. Construct a terrestrial food chain comprising four trophic levels. 2
B. A food chain generally has three or four trophic levels. Give reason why
Q13 Draw neat diagram of human brain and label on it the following parts: 3
(i) Midbrain (ii) Pituitary gland and give one function each.
Q14 A genetics student, inspired by Gregor Mendel's pioneering work, decides to conduct her own 3
experiment using pea plants with blue and white flowers. She knows that blue flower color (B) is
dominant over white flower color (b). She starts by cross-pollinating a purebred (homozygous)
blue-flowered plant with a purebred (homozygous) white-flowered plant. All the offspring in the
(F1) generation have blue flowers. Then, she self-pollinates the F1 generation plants and observes
the traits in the (F2) generation.
Based on this information, answer the following questions:
A. Which of Mendel's laws is illustrated by the observation that the white flower trait reappears in
the F2 generation, even though it was absent in the F1 generation? What are the genotypes of the
parent plants in the initial cross?
B. What is the genotypic ratio observed in the F1 generation?
C. If the student planted 1200 obtained in F1, what would be the numbers of blue and white
flowers obtained in the F2 generation? Give the genotype of the F2 generation.
Q15 The excretory system of human beings includes a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, a urinary 4
bladder and a urethra. Kidneys are located in the abdomen, one on either side of the backbone.
Urine produced in the kidneys passes through the ureters into the urinary bladder where it is
stored until it is released through the urethra.
Attempt either subpart A or B
A. Between Renal artery and Vera cava (Renal Vein) which one carries more impurities?
OR
B. How's the expulsion of urine regulated?
C. How frequently is urine produced and sent into the
urinary bladder?
D. How is urine production in the human body different
from dialysis, though both the procedures are helping in
removal of impurities from the body?
Q16 Attempt either option A or B. 5
A. i. List two preparations showed every month by the uterus in anticipation of pregnancy in (3
humans. +2
ii. State one genetically different feature between sperms and eggs of humans. What is its )
consequence?
OR
B. i) What is binary fission in organisms? With the help of suitable diagrams, describe the mode
of reproduction in Amoeba.
ii) On cutting the body of an organism into many pieces, it was observed that many of these pieces
developed as new individuals. Name the process and list two organisms in which this process may
be observed.
SECTION - B
Q17 Which of the following chemical equations represent endothermic reactions and what are values 1
for ‘X’ and ‘Y’ in these equations?

Page 2 of 6
 SP_PBI

A. Only equation 1 is an endothermic reaction; X = 4 and Y = 6.

B. Both equations 1 and 2 are endothermic reactions; X = 4 and Y = 6.
C. Only equation 2 is an endothermic reaction; X = 2 and Y = 4.
D. Both equations 1 and 2 are endothermic reactions; X = 2 and Y = 12.
Q18 A cable manufacturing unit tested few elements on the basis of their physical properties. 1

Which of the above elements were discarded for usage by the company?
A. W, X, Y B. X, Y, Z C. W, X, Z D. W, Y, Z
Q19 An iron nail is added to each of the two test tubes ‘P’ and ‘Q’ containing aqueous copper (II) 1
sulphate, and aqueous silver nitrate respectively.
Which of the following observation is correct?
A. In test tube ‘P’ iron nail is coated with a blue coating and in test tube ‘Q’ there is no reaction.
B. Iron nail is coated with a brown coating in test tube ‘P’ and silver coating in test tube ‘Q’.
C. There is no reaction in either of the test tubes ‘P’ or ‘Q’.
D. There is no reaction in test tube ‘P’ but a silver coating on iron nail is seen in test tube ‘Q’
Q20 Sodium hydroxide is termed an alkali while Ferric hydroxide is not because: 1
A. Sodium hydroxide is a strong base, while Ferric hydroxide is a weak base.
B. Sodium hydroxide is a base which is soluble in water while Ferric hydroxide is also a base but
it is not soluble in water.
C. Sodium hydroxide is a strong base while Ferric hydroxide is a strong acid.
D. Sodium hydroxide and Ferric hydroxide both are strong base but the solubility of Sodium
hydroxide in water is comparatively higher than that of Ferric hydroxide.
Q21 The name of the salt used to remove permanent hardness of water is: 1
A. Sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3)
B. Sodium chloride (NaCl)
C. Sodium carbonate decahydrate (Na2CO3.10H2O)
D. Calcium sulphate hemihydrate (CaSO4.1/2H2O)
Q22 Which of the following statements is not correct? 1
A. All metal carbonates react with acid to give a salt, water and carbon dioxide
B. All metal oxides react with water to give salt and Acid
C. Some metals react with acids to give salt and hydrogen
D. Some non-metal oxides react with water to form an acid
Q23 In the following experimental setup of electrolysis of water, if 1
P and Q are the gases collected in the test tubes enclosing the
electrodes R and S, then select the option/options in which the
matching is correct.
i) P - Oxygen gas , R - Anode
ii) P - Oxygen - Hydrogen gas , R - Anode
iii) Q - Hydrogen gas , S - Cathode
iv) Q - Oxygen gas , S - Anode
A. i and ii B. iii and iv C. i and iii D. ii and iv
The following question consists of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer
these questions by selecting the appropriate option given below:
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
Page 3 of 6
 SP_PBI

D. A is false but R is true.

Q24 Assertion (A): C4H8, C4H6 and C4H10 are members of the same homologous series. 1
Reason (R): Members of homologous series of hydrocarbons differ by a –CH₂– group.
Q25 Equal sized bars of aluminium and iron are exposed to the 2(1
environment as shown. +1
A. Which of them is likely to form metal oxide first till )
the level marked by the line? Justify your
answer.
B. A copper bar is heated in the laboratory. Analyze and describe the changes observed during
heating, giving reasons for your observation based on the chemical properties of copper.
Q26 Attempt either option A or B. 3(1
A. When two compounds namely sodium chloride and calcium chloride are heated directly, one +1
by one on the flame of a burner, they impart different colours to the flame. +1
)
i. Name the colour imparted by (1) sodium chloride and (2) calcium chloride.
ii. Are these compounds soluble in organic solvents such as kerosene or petrol? Justify your
answer.
iii) Show the formation of Aluminium Nitride by transfer of electrons.
OR
B. A reddish brown metal X when heated in air, gives a black colour compound Y, which when
heated in presence of H2 gas gives X back is refined by the process of electrolysis, this refined
form of X is used in electrical wiring.
i) Identify X and Y
ii) Write the reaction shown at both the electrodes during refining of metal X.
iii) Name the ores of metal X.
Q27 A chemical compound which is obtained from baking soda is used in glass, soap and paper 3
industries. Identify the compound. How is this compound obtained in its crystalline form? State
whether this compound is acidic/basic/neutral in nature. Justify your answer.
Q28 In a school laboratory, students carefully take a small amount of solid sodium chloride (NaCl) in a 4(2
clean, dry test tube and add concentrated sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄) to it. Soon, they observe a +1
colourless gas evolving through the delivery tube. Some students notice that this gas does not +1
change the colour of dry blue litmus paper. )
A. During the experiment, a student forgets to attach the drying tube. The laboratory atmosphere
is very humid, and dense white fumes appear at the mouth of the test tube. How does humidity
affect the purity and collection of dry HCl gas? Suggest one way to avoid this error.
OR
B. Analyze the above observation and justify, how the presence of water influences the nature
shown by HCl in presence of litmus paper.
C. While preparing hydrogen chloride gas in the laboratory, solid sodium chloride reacts with
concentrated sulphuric acid. Which type of reaction is shown by these reactants?
A. Neutralization reaction B. Double displacement reaction
C. Combination reaction D. Decomposition reaction
Q29 Attempt either option A or B. 5(1
A. A compound ‘X’ having two carbon atoms in its molecule that turns blue litmus red. A 5-8% +2
aqueous solution of compound X is also widely used as a preservative. +2
i. Identify the compound ‘X’ and write its structure. )
ii. When ‘X’ reacts with compound ‘Y’, a sweet-smelling product used in perfumes is formed.
Identify ‘Y. ’Examine the type of chemical reaction taking place and construct a balanced
chemical equation to represent it.
iii. When sodium carbonate is added to ‘X’, a colourless gas is produced which turns lime water

Page 4 of 6
 SP_PBI

milky. Write the chemical equation for the reaction, giving the name of the salt produced.
OR
B. i. Write the name and structure of a hydrocarbon with general formula CnH2n-2 having four
carbon atoms in one molecule.
ii. Differentiate between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons by giving one example each,
with a structural formula.
iii. Write the method of converting an unsaturated hydrocarbon into a saturated hydrocarbon.
Name the industry where this reaction is commonly used.

SECTION - C
Q30 The image formed by a concave mirror of focal length 50 cm is real and of magnification – 1. In 1
this case the distance between the object from its own image is :
A. 50 cm B. 100 cm C. 200 cm D. Zero
Q31 The image shows the dispersion of the white light in the 1
prism. What will be the colours of the X, Y and Z?
A. X: red; Y: green; Z: violet
B. X: violet; Y: green; Z: red
C. X: green; Y: violet; Z: red
D. X: red; Y: violet; Z: green
The following question consists of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer
these questions by selecting the appropriate option given below:
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true.
Q32 Assertion (A): A ray of light travelling from a rarer medium to a denser medium slows down and 1
bends away from the normal. When it travels from a denser medium to a rarer medium, it speeds
up and bends towards the normal.
Reason (R): The speed of light is higher in a rarer medium than a denser medium.
Q33 A convex lens produces a three times enlarged image of an object placed 10 cm in front of it. 2
Calculate the focal length of the lens.
(i) when image is real and inverted (ii) virtual and erect
Q34 Attempt either option A or B. 2
A. State and derive an expression for Joule’s law of heating.
OR
B. State and derive an expression for Ohm’s law.
Q35 A student suffering from myopia is not able to see distinctly the object placed beyond 5 m. List 3
two possible reasons due to which this defect of vision may have arisen. With the help of ray
diagrams explain.
i. Why is the student unable to distinctly see objects placed beyond 5 m from his eyes?
ii. The type of the corrective lens used to restore proper vision and how this defect is corrected by
the use of this lens.
iii. If, in this case, the numerical value of the focal length of the corrective lens is 5 m, find the
power of the lens as per the new Cartesian sign convention.
Q36 Find out the following in the electric circuit given in Figure 3
i. Effective resistance of two 8 Ohm resistors in the
combination
ii. Current flowing through 4 Ohm resistor
iii. Potential difference across 4 Ohm resistance
iv. Power dissipated in 4 Ohm resistor
v. Difference in ammeter readings, if any.

Page 5 of 6
 SP_PBI

Q37 Draw the pattern of magnetic field lines of 3

i. a bar magnet ii. a current carrying solenoid
List two distinguishing features between the two magnetic fields.
Q38 Attempt either subpart C or D. 4(1
+1
+2
)

The above images are that of a specialised slide projector. Slides are small transparencies mounted
in sturdy frames ideally suited to magnification and projection, since they have a very high
resolution and a high image quality. There is a tray where the slides are to be put into a particular
orientation so that the viewers can see the enlarged erect images of the transparent slides. This
means that the slides will have to be inserted upside down in the projector tray. To show her
students the images of insects that she investigated in the lab, Mrs. Iyer brought a slide projector.
Her slide projector produced a 500 times enlarged and inverted image of a slide on a screen 10 m
away.
A. Based on the text and data given in the above paragraph, What kind of lens must the slide
projector have?
B. If v is the symbol used for image distance and u for object distance, then with one reason, state
what will be the sign for in the given case?
C. A slide projector has a convex lens with a focal length of 20 cm. The slide is placed upside
down 21 cm from the lens. How far away should the screen be placed from the slide projector's
lens so that the slide is in focus?
OR
D. When a slide is placed 15 cm behind the lens in the projector, an image is formed 3 m in front
of the lens. If the focal length of the lens is 14 cm, draw a ray diagram to show image formation.
Q39 Attempt either subpart A or B. 5
A. Study the circuit shown in which two resistors X
and Y of resistances 3 Ω and 6 Ω respectively are
joined in series with a battery of 2 V.
i. Draw a circuit diagram showing the above two
resistors X and Y joined in parallel with the same battery and same ammeter and voltmeter.
ii. In which combination of resistors will the (a) potential difference across X and Y and (b)
current through X and Y, be the same?
iii. Find the current drawn from the battery by the series combination of the two resistors (X and
Y).
iv. Determine the equivalent resistance of the parallel combination of the two resistors (X and Y).
OR
B. i. Write the colours of the insulation covers of the line wires through which supply comes to
our homes.
ii. What should be the current rating of the electric circuit (220 V) so that an electric iron of 1 kW
power rating can be operated?
iii. What is the function of the earth wire? State the advantage of the earth wire in domestic
electric appliances such as electric iron.
iv. List two precautions to be taken to avoid electrical accidents. State how these precautions
prevent possible damage to the circuit/appliance.

Page 6 of 6