6.01 Midterm 1: Spring 2010: Solutions

Midterm 1 Solutions Spring 10
6.01 Midterm 1 Solutions: Spring 2010

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read any paper that you want to use a calculator

You may not
use a computer, phone or music player

For staff use: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. total: /10 /20 /15 /8 /10 /12 /25 /100
1 OOP (10 points)

The following denitions have been entered into a Python shell:
class A:
yours = 0
def __init__(self, inp):
self.yours = inp def give(self, amt):
self.yours = self.yours + amt
return self.yours
def howmuch(self):
return (A.yours, self.yours)
class B(A):
yours = 0
def give(self, amt):
B.yours = B.yours + amt
return A.howmuch(self)
def take(self, amt):
self.yours = self.yours - amt
return self.yours
def howmuch(self):
return (B.yours, A.yours, self.yours)
Write the values of the following expressions. Write None when there is no value; write Error when an error results and explain briey why its an error. Assume that these expressions are evaluated one after another (all of the left column rst, then right column).
test = A(5) test = B(5)
None
None
test.take(2)
test.take(2)
Error
test.give(6)
test.give(6)
11
(0, 3)
test.howmuch()
test.howmuch()
(0, 11)
(6, 0, 3)
2 The Best and the Brightest (20 points)

Here are some class denitions, meant to represent a collection of students making up the student body of a prestigious university.
class Student: def __init__(self, name, iq, salary, height):
self.name = name
self.iq = iq
self.salary = salary
self.height = height
class StudentBody:
def __init__(self):
self.students = []
def addStudent(self, student):
self.students.append(student)
def nameOfSmartest(self):
# code will go here
def funOfBest(self, fun, feature):
# code will go here
The StudentBody class is missing the code for two methods:
nameOfSmartest: returns the name attribute of the student with the highest IQ funOfBest: takes a procedure fun and a procedure feature as input, and returns the result of applying procedure fun to the student for whom the procedure feature yields the highest value
For the rst two problems below, assume that these methods have been implemented.
Here is a student body:
jody = Student(Jody, 100, 100000, 80)

chris = Student(Chris, 150, 40000, 62)
dana = Student(Dana, 120, 2000, 70)
aardvarkU = StudentBody()
aardvarkU.addStudent(jody)
aardvarkU.addStudent(chris)
aardvarkU.addStudent(dana)
Midterm 1 Solutions Spring 10 1. What is the result of evaluating aardvarkU.nameOfSmartest()? Chris
2. Write a Python expression that will compute the name of the person who has the greatest value of IQ + height in aardvarkU (not just for the example student body above). You can dene additional procedures if you need them.
aardvarkU.funOfBest(lambda x: x.name, lambda x: x.iq + x.height)
3. Implement the nameOfSmartest method. For full credit, use util.argmax (dened below) or the funOfBest method. If l is a list of items and f is a procedure that maps an item into a numeric score, then util.argmax(l, f) returns the element of l that has the highest score.
def nameOfSmartest(self): return util.argmax(self.students, lambda x: x.iq).name # or def nameOfSmartest(self): return funOfBest(lambda x: x.name, lambda x: x.iq)
Midterm 1 Solutions Spring 10 4. Implement the funOfBest method. For full credit, use util.argmax.
def funOfBest(self, fun, feature): return fun(util.argmax(self.students, feature))
Repeated from the start of the problem:

class Student: def __init__(self, name, iq, salary, height): self.name = name self.iq = iq self.salary = salary self.height = height class StudentBody: def __init__(self): self.students = [] def addStudent(self, student): self.student.append(student) def deleteStudent(self, student): self.students.remove(student) def nameOfSmartest(self): pass def funOfBest(self, fun, feature): pass
Here is a student body:

jody = Student(Jody, 100, 100000, 80) chris = Student(Chris, 150, 40000, 62) dana = Student(Dana, 120, 2000, 70) aardvarkU = StudentBody() aardvarkU.addStudent(jody) aardvarkU.addStudent(chris) aardvarkU.addStudent(dana)
3 SM to DE (15 Points)
Here is the denition of a class of state machines:
class Thing(SM):
startState = [0, 0, 0, 0]
def getNextValues(self, state, inp):
result = state[0] * 2 + state[2] * 3
newState = [state[1], result, state[3], inp]
return (newState, result)
1. What is the result of evaluating

Thing().transduce([1, 2, 0, 1, 3]) [0, 0, 3, 6, 6]
2. The state machine above describes the behavior of an LTI system starting at rest. Write a difference equation that describes the same system as the state machine. y[n] = 2 * y[n-2] + 3 * x[n - 2]
4 Diagnosis (8 points)
What, if anything, is wrong with each of the following state machine denitions? The syntax is correct (that is, they are all legal Python programs), so that is not a problem. Write a phrase or a single sentence if something is wrong or nothing if nothing is wrong. 1.
class M1(SM):
startState = 0
return inp + state
Should return tuple of new state and output
2.
class M2(SM): startState = 0 def getNextValues(self, state, inp): return (inp+state, (state, state))
This is ne.
Midterm 1 Solutions Spring 10 3.

class M3(SM):
def __init__(self):
self.startState = [1, 2, 3]
state.append(inp)
result = sum(state) / float(len(state))
return (result, state)
This modies the state argument, by doing state.append(inp)
4.
class M4(SM):
startState = -1
def __init__(self, v):
self.value = v def getNextValues(self, state, inp): if state > inp: self.value = self.value + state result = self.value * 2 return (state, result)
This modies the attribute value in getNextValues.
5 Picture to Machine (10 Points)

Use sm.Gain, sm.Delay, sm.FeedbackAdd, sm.FeedbackSubtract, and sm.Cascade to make a state machine that is equivalent to the following system:
k1
+ R
k2 R R
Assume that the system starts at rest, that is, all the signals are zero at time zero. Assume also that the variables k1 and k2 are already dened. Recall that sm.Gain takes a gain as an argument, sm.Delay takes an initial output value as an argument and each of sm.Cascade, sm.FeedbackAdd, and sm.FeedbackSubtract, takes two state machines as arguments. Use indentation to highlight the structure of your answer.
FeedbackSubtract(Cascade(Cascade(Gain(k1), R()), FeedbackSubtract(Gain(k2), Cascade(R(),R()))), R())
10
6 On the Verge (12 Points)

For each difference equation below, say whether, for a unit sample input signal:
the output of the system it describes will diverge or not, the output of the system it describes (a) will always be positive, (b) will alternate between positive and negative, or (c) will have a different pattern of oscillation
1.
10y[n] y[n 1] = 8x[n 3]

diverge? Yes or No No Positive
positive/alternate/oscillate 2.
y[n] = y[n 1] 10y[n 2] + x[n]

diverge? Yes or No Yes Oscillates, pole is complex
positive/alternate/oscillate
11
7 Whats Cooking? (25 Points)

Sous vide cooking involves cooking food at a very precise, xed temperature T (typically, low enough to keep it moist, but high enough to kill any pathogens). In this problem, we model the behavior of the heater and water bath used for such cooking. Let I be the current going into the heater, and c be the proportionality constant such that Ic is the rate of heat input. The system is thus described by the following diagram:
Delay
k1
=
Delay
k2
1. a. Give the system function: H =
T I
c (1 k1 R)(1 + k2 R)
b. Give a difference equation for the system: T [n] =
T [n] = (k1 k2 )T [n 1] + k1 k2 T [n 2] + cI[n]
12
2. Let the system start at rest (all signals are zero). Suppose I[0] = 100 and I[n] = 0 for n > 0. Here are plots of T [n] as a function of n for this system for c = 1 and different values of k1 and k2 .
200
200
150
150
100
100
50
50
10
15
10
15
50
50
a
200
200
150
150
100
100
50
50
10
15
10
15
50
50
c
200
200
150
150
100
100
50
50
10
15
10
15
50
50
e a. Which of the plots above corresponds to k1 = 0.5 and k2 = 0 ?

Circle all correct answers: a b c d e f none
b. Which of the plots above corresponds to k1 = 1 and k2 = 0.5 ? Circle all correct answers: a b c d e f none
Midterm 1 Solutions Spring 10 3. Let k1 = 0.5, k2 = 3, and c = 1. Determine the poles of H, or none if there are no poles. Poles at 0.5 and -3
13
Midterm 1 Solutions Spring 10 4. Here is the original system:
14
Delay
k1
Delay
k2
Circle all of the following systems that are equivalent (for some setting of the gains in the triangles) to the original system.
e System b has the same system function. System e has the same poles.
We required b to be circled, and considered e to be correct whether circled or not.
MIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.edu
6.01SC Introduction to Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

Spring 2011
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Midterm 1 Solutions Spring 10

6.01 Midterm 1 Solutions: Spring 2010

read any paper that you want to use a calculator

use a computer, phone or music player

Midterm 1 Solutions Spring 10

1 OOP (10 points)

Midterm 1 Solutions Spring 10

2 The Best and the Brightest (20 points)

The StudentBody class is missing the code for two methods:

jody = Student(Jody, 100, 100000, 80)

Midterm 1 Solutions Spring 10 1. What is the result of evaluating aardvarkU.nameOfSmartest()? Chris

Repeated from the start of the problem:

Here is a student body:

Midterm 1 Solutions Spring 10

1. What is the result of evaluating

Midterm 1 Solutions Spring 10

Should return tuple of new state and output

Midterm 1 Solutions Spring 10 3.

This modies the state argument, by doing state.append(inp)

This modies the attribute value in getNextValues.

Midterm 1 Solutions Spring 10

5 Picture to Machine (10 Points)

Midterm 1 Solutions Spring 10

6 On the Verge (12 Points)

10y[n] y[n 1] = 8x[n 3]

y[n] = y[n 1] 10y[n 2] + x[n]

Midterm 1 Solutions Spring 10

7 Whats Cooking? (25 Points)

1. a. Give the system function: H =

b. Give a difference equation for the system: T [n] =

T [n] = (k1 k2 )T [n 1] + k1 k2 T [n 2] + cI[n]

Midterm 1 Solutions Spring 10

e a. Which of the plots above corresponds to k1 = 0.5 and k2 = 0 ?

Midterm 1 Solutions Spring 10 4. Here is the original system:

MIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.edu

6.01SC Introduction to Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

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