ENGINEERING UTILITIES CE_2C ║ 1ST SEMESTER

LECTURE 4 It is usually installed buried in

concrete wall floor and
TOPIC COVERAGE:
ceiling, in masonry or similar
4. 1 TYPES OF CONDUITS
materials. It is also used for
4. 2 WIRES AND CABLES
exposed and concealed
work, and it provides
4.1 TYPES OF CONDUITS
maximum protection when
INTRODUCTION
there is mechanical
An electrical conduit is an electrical piping system used for
damage.
protection and routing of electrical wiring. Conduit is generally
For this wiring method to be effective, safe and reliable, it is a must
installed by electricians at the site of installation of electrical
that it should follow the Philippine electrical code (pec) standard
equipment. Its use, form, and installation details are often
and specifications.
specified by wiring regulations, such as the nec or Philippine
electrical code. The term "conduit" is commonly used by
INTERMEDIATE METALLIC CONDUIT (IMC)
electricians to describe any system that contains electrical
Intermediate metallic conduit, or imc, is a
conductors, but the term has a more restrictive definition when
thinner, lighter-weight version of rigid metal
used in wiring regulations. Here the different types of electrical
conduit and is approved for use in all of the
conduit.
METALLIC NON-FLEXIBLE CONDUIT same applications as rsc. Because imc is

o Rigid Steel Conduit (RSC) lighter and easier to work with than rsc, it is

o Intermediate Metallic Conduit (IMC) used more commonly in new construction.

o Electrical Metallic Tubing (EMT)
RIGID STEEL CONDUIT (RSC)
A rigid steel conduit serves the same purpose as with the
electrical metallic tubing. It is designed to protect the electrical
wiring of building from electrical hazard due to faulty wiring.
 ELECTRICAL METALLIC TUBING (EMT) NON-METALLIC NON-FLEXIBLE CONDUIT
Electrical metallic tubing is a type of This a non- metallic unthreaded
wiring installation which is designed smooth-walled tubing. They are
to lessen or eliminate fire hazard manufactured to be resistant to
and electrical accident. May be moisture and chemical
used for exposed and concealed atmosphere, flame retardant. They
work at the same condition with are resistant to impact and crushing
rigid metal conduit. and, they do not easily get out shape because of heat. These
EMT is protected with enamel should be used on the following conduits are classified according to the materials they are made
conditions: of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC).
o Subjected to mechanical during or after the construction
o Cinder fill POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVC) PIPE
o Hazardous location The pvc pipe is one of the most
o Expose to corrosive fumes and vapor commonly used conduits in
electrical wiring installation today.
METALLIC FLEXIBLE CONDUIT Its preparation for installation is
Flexible metallic tubing is a kind of much easier than the metallic rigid
wiring installation which is conduit. In preparing a non-
commonly used for external motor metallic rigid conduit for installation,
terminal connection. It is being an electrician needs to do cutting, heating and bending. Like in
manufactured in rolled in the form of metallic rigid conduit offset bends, 90° angle bends and other
coil. bends are also made on pvc rigid conduit. In making bends on
A flexible conduit consists of flexible steel tube which is made from pvc rigid conduit, the electrician should see to it that the internal
convex to concave metal strip in a spiral winding. Flexible metallic diameter of the conduit is not reduced and damaged so that the
conduit is used in a connection where the load being supplied no capacity of the conduit to accommodate maximum number of
definite place where flexibility is desired. Some common conductors will not be lessen and to facilitate easy pulling of
equipment are the portable motor, drill press lathe machine, etc. conductors.
 NON-METALLIC FLEXIBLE CONDUIT DIFFERENT TYPES OF WIRES AND CABLES
Flexible nonmetallic conduit is used COPPER OR ALUMINUM CONDUCTORS
as mechanical protection for o 1.60mm-500mm2 Stranded and
electric conductors. It has a smooth Solid
interior and a wall of non- o These are bare wires used for

conducting fibrous material. This is overhead transmission lines and for

ground wires.
commonly used electrical wiring conduit now a days due to its
economic value.

THERMOPLASTIC WIRES (TYPE TW)

4.2 WIRES AND CABLES
o Copper 1.60mm- 500mm2 Solid and
WIRES CABLES
Stranded
Are those conductors 3.26mm Are those which are larger
o These wires are flame retardant,
or No.8AWG and smaller in than the wires.
moisture and oil resistant used for
sizes. building wiring in dry and wet
A single conductor(material Two or more insulated wires locations.
insulated wires most wrapped in one jacket.
commonly being copper HEAT, MOISTURE RESISTANT AND FLAME-RETARDANT CABLE
wrapped in one or aluminum). (TYPE THW)

CLASSIFICATION OF WIRES AND CABLES

STRANDED SOLID
Contains a group of wires Consists only of single
twisted to form a metallic conductor. This has usually seven strands of conductors in a cable used for
string. building wiring in dry or wet locations.
 THERMOPLASTIC COVERED FIXTURE WIRE (TYPE TF) AIR CONDITIONING UNIT SAFETY CORD (TYPE SPT)
o 0.60mm-0.30mm2 Solid and o 1.60mm-2.00mm
Stranded o This consists of two conductors and
o This can be solid or stranded used a ground used for wiring air
for wiring lighting fixtures and as conditioning unit.
terminal wires.
UNDERGROUND FEEDER AND BRANCH CIRCUIT CABLE (TYPE
NON-METALLIC SHEATHED CABLE (TYPE NM) UF)
o 1.60mm-2.60mm Solid o 1.60mm-11.68mm
o This has 2 or 3 conductors inside the o This is a jacketed cable, used for
cable used for exposed or wiring installation direct burial.
concealed installation in buildings.
o Also called “Romex”
THERMO PLASTIC PORTABLE CORDS (TYPES SJT & ST)
COPPER OR ALUMINUM PE INSULATED WIRE o Type SJT 1.02mm-2.05mm
o 2.60mm-1,000MCM o Type ST 1.02mm-4.11mm
o This weather resistant wire is used o These types consist of 2 to 4
for line wire and primary distribution. stranded conductors used
for wiring construction of
portable motors and
FLAT CORD (TYPE SPT) appliances.
o 1.02mm-1.60mm INTERCOM CABLE 0.65mm
Stranded o This shielded or unshielded cable has 3
o This has two sets of conductors to 100 pairs, used for wiring
stranded conductors interior communications, system and
separated by insulators. is usually used for portable electrical sound distribution jacketed.
equipment and for extension wiring of a single bulb.
 TELEPHONE CABLE (TYPE CCP) ARMORED CABLE (TYPE ACT), (BX)
o 0.40mm-0.91mm o 1.60mm-6.54mm
o This is installed aerial and duct type for o This has 2 or 3 conductors
telephone wiring with used for wiring installation in
o color coded conductor insulators. buildings.

SUBMERSIBLE PUMP CABLE

o 1.60mm-11.68mm WELDING CABLE
o This is thermoplastic insulated cable o 1.29mm-11.68mm
used for wiring submersible pumps o This is a flexible portable cable used
of deep well water systems. for wiring cable of electric arc
SUBMERSIBLE PUM welding.

HYPERTEMP 2000 WIRE (MAGNET WIRE) CONTROL CABLE (BRAIDED TYPE)

o 0.078mm- 4.11mm o 1.60mm-2.05mm
o This is used for winding motors, oil o This is a PVC insulated and
filled transformers, high speed jacketed multi-conductor
winding, and wet winding control cable used for wiring installation of machinery controls.
operations. POWER CABLE
SERVICE DROP CABLE o 3.36 mm 1,000 MCM
o 4.11 mm 11.68 mm o This is used for underground, aerial,
o This is an aluminum conductor with duct and direct burial wiring from
neutral messenger used for a 6,000 volts to 35 kilovolts.
service drop cable. TEMPERATURE WIRE (TYPE HI)
o 1.02mm-3.26mm
o This is commonly used for wiring automobile
engines and appliances with high temperature,
and for switch board wiring.
 ROYAL CORD AUTOMOTIVE WIRE
o 1.65mm-5.19mm o 1.02mm-6.54mm
o This has 2 to 4 conductors, stranded o This is used for wiring spark plug and
and used for portable cords in battery cable of automobile, trucks,
electrical equipment. and other vehicles.

TELEPHONE CABLE (TYPE ADT) AUTO CABLE PVC AND BRAIDED

o 0.65mm o This is used for wiring automobile
o This consists of 6 pairs through 909 light and for hook- up wires.
pairs used for aerial and duct
installation.

SERVICE ENTRANCE CABLE (TYPE SE)

APPLIANCE OR ELECTRIC HEATER CABLE o It consists of two or more insulated
o 65mm-2.05mm conductors with one or more bare
o This is used for wiring cord of conductors for grounding.
heating equipment in dry locations.

SELF-SUPPORTING AERIAL TELEPHONE CABLE

ASBESTOS COVERED NICKEL CORD (ROCKBESTOS) o This is used for aerial telephone
o 0.25mm-1.60mm wiring with color code insulation of
o This is used for wiring electric conductors.
ranges, water heater, stoves and
hairdryers where both heat and MACHINE TOOL WIRE
moisture resistance is desirable. o This is used for wiring machine tools,
appliances and control circuits.
 COAXIAL CABLE DURALENE (TYPE WP)
o This is used for radio frequency o This is polyethylene insulated
antenna installation and radar line wire used for wiring
receiver installation. installation of residential
buildings.

SWITCHBOARD SEMI-RIGID PLASTIC INSULATION

DIRECT BURIAL TELEPHONE CABLE o This is a stranded cable for
o This is used for wiring installation wiring switch boards inside
of telephone have lines. power plant.
Conductors have different colors
on insulations.
DUREX WIRE ALL PLASTIC PARALLEL CORD
o This is used for building wiring o This is used for wiring pendant or
especially for interior wiring. portable equipment or device.

STEEL TAPE ARMORED CABLE WITH GROUND WIRES

o This is used for general wiring NONMETALLIC SHEATHED CABLE (TYPE NMC)
installation including o This is a multi-conductor cable
underground. used for interior wiring in dry and
wet location.