This document was translated from Chinese into English using Alibaba’s Qwen3, then

checked for accuracy by a Post journalist. It is for reference only, and is not the official
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Proposal of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of

China on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National
Economic and Social Development

(Adopted at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the
Communist Party of China on October 23, 2025)

The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
has conducted an in-depth analysis of the international and domestic situation and hereby
puts forward the following recommendations regarding the formulation of the 15th Five-Year
Plan for National Economic and Social Development.

I. The “15th Five-Year” Period Is a Critical Stage for Basically Achieving Socialist
Modernization

(1) Major achievements have been made during the “14th Five-Year” period.

The past five years have been extraordinary and remarkable. In the face of an intricate
international environment and arduous domestic tasks related to reform, development, and
stability, the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has united and led
the entire Party, the nation, and people of all ethnic groups to forge ahead against all odds.
We have withstood the severe impact of the global pandemic and effectively responded to a
series of major risks and challenges, achieving new and significant progress in the Party and
the country’s undertakings.

The economy has maintained steady and progressive growth, with high-quality development
making solid strides. Scientific and technological innovation has yielded abundant results,
and new quality productive forces have steadily developed. Comprehensive deepening of
reform has advanced further, and high-level opening-up has continuously expanded.
Whole-process people’s democracy has deepened, and law-based governance has been
effectively implemented. Cultural undertakings and industries have flourished, offering a rich
variety of spiritual and cultural products. People’s livelihoods have been solidly safeguarded,
and achievements in poverty alleviation have been consolidated and expanded. The green
and low-carbon transition has accelerated, and ecological and environmental quality has
continued to improve. National security capabilities have been effectively enhanced, social
governance effectiveness has increased, and overall social stability has been maintained.
Significant progress has been made in national defense and military modernization. The
practice of “one country, two systems” has been further deepened. China’s major-country
diplomacy with Chinese characteristics has been comprehensively expanded. Full and
rigorous self-governance of the Party has achieved notable results, the anti-corruption
campaign has been pushed forward in depth, and the Party’s creativity, cohesiveness, and
combat effectiveness have markedly improved.

China’s economic strength, scientific and technological prowess, and comprehensive

national power have reached new heights. Chinese modernization has taken new, solid
steps, and the new journey toward the second centenary goal has gotten off to a strong
start. These major achievements have been fundamentally attributable to the firm leadership
of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core and the scientific
guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.

(2) The “15th Five-Year” period holds a pivotal, bridging role in the process of basically
achieving socialist modernization.

Realizing socialist modernization is a step-by-step, progressive historical process that

requires persistent effort and continuous struggle. The “15th Five-Year” period is a critical
stage for consolidating the foundation and fully advancing toward basically achieving
socialist modernization. During this period, we must consolidate and expand our strengths,
overcome bottlenecks and constraints, address shortcomings and weaknesses, gain
strategic initiative in intense international competition, achieve major breakthroughs in
strategic tasks vital to the overall advancement of Chinese modernization, and lay a more
solid foundation for basically achieving socialist modernization.

(3) China’s development environment during the “15th Five-Year” period will undergo
profound and complex changes.

Major-power relations are shaping the international landscape, and evolving global dynamics
are deeply affecting China’s domestic development. China is in a period where strategic
opportunities coexist with risks and challenges, and uncertainties and unforeseen factors are
increasing.

From an international perspective, the once-in-a-century transformation of the global

landscape is accelerating, and the balance of international power is undergoing profound
adjustments. A new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial
transformation is rapidly unfolding. China possesses many favorable conditions to
proactively shape its international space and external environment. At the same time, global
instability and disorder are intensifying, geopolitical conflicts are becoming more frequent
and severe, unilateralism and protectionism are on the rise, hegemonism and power politics
pose growing threats, the international economic and trade order faces serious challenges,
and global economic growth lacks sufficient momentum. Competition among major powers is
becoming more complex and intense.

Domestically, China’s economy remains stable, with numerous strengths, strong resilience,
and vast potential. The fundamental conditions and long-term positive trend supporting
sustained growth have not changed. The advantages of the socialist system with Chinese
characteristics, the ultra-large-scale market, the complete industrial system, and abundant
human resources are becoming increasingly evident. However, problems of unbalanced and
inadequate development remain prominent. Effective demand is insufficient, and bottlenecks
hinder the smooth functioning of the domestic economic cycle. The transition from old to new
growth drivers is arduous. Agricultural and rural modernization lags relatively behind.
Employment and household income growth face considerable pressure, and shortcomings
persist in livelihood security. Demographic structural changes pose new challenges to
economic development and social governance. Key areas still harbor risks and hidden
dangers.

Amid profound changes lie opportunities; challenges inspire determination. The entire Party
must deeply understand the decisive significance of establishing Comrade Xi Jinping’s core
position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole and establishing the
guiding role of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.
We must strengthen our consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in
big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment with the Central
Committee; enhance our confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism
with Chinese characteristics; and uphold Comrade Xi Jinping’s core position and the Central
Committee’s authority and centralized, unified leadership. We must maintain strategic
resolve, bolster confidence in ultimate victory, proactively recognize, respond to, and seek
change amid shifting circumstances, dare to struggle and know how to struggle, and
courageously face severe tests—whether turbulent seas or towering waves. With a spirit of
historical initiative, we must overcome difficulties, manage risks, meet challenges,
concentrate on managing our own affairs well, continue writing new chapters in the two
miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability, and strive to open a
new chapter in building Chinese modernization.

II. Guiding Principles and Main Objectives for Economic and Social Development
During the “15th Five-Year” Period

(4) Guiding ideology for economic and social development.

We will adhere to Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the
Important Thought of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development. We will
fully implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era,
thoroughly carry out the spirit of the 20th Party Congress and subsequent plenary sessions
of the 20th Central Committee, and advance the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation
through Chinese modernization by focusing on building a modern socialist country in all
respects and realizing the second centenary goal. We will promote the Five-Sphere
Integrated Plan and coordinate the implementation of the Four-Pronged Comprehensive
Strategy, while balancing domestic and international imperatives. We will fully, accurately,
and comprehensively apply the new development philosophy, accelerate the creation of a
new development pattern, adhere to the general principle of pursuing progress while
ensuring stability, take economic development as the central task, make high-quality
development the overarching theme, regard reform and innovation as the fundamental
driving force, aim to meet the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life as the ultimate
goal, and ensure full and rigorous self-governance of the Party as the fundamental
guarantee. We will promote both qualitative improvements and reasonable quantitative
growth in the economy, take solid steps toward well-rounded human development and
common prosperity for all, and ensure decisive progress in basically achieving socialist
modernization.

(5) Principles that must be followed in economic and social development.

– Uphold the Party’s overall leadership. Resolutely safeguard the authority and centralized,
unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, enhance the Party’s capacity to provide
direction, plan the overall picture, formulate policies, and promote reform, and ensure Party
leadership permeates all aspects and the entire process of economic and social
development, providing the fundamental guarantee for China’s socialist modernization.

— Put the people first. Respect the people’s principal status, rely closely on the people,
safeguard their fundamental interests, promote social fairness and justice, and prioritize
ensuring and improving people’s livelihoods through development. Expand development
space by meeting people’s livelihood needs, promote coordinated economic and social
development, and achieve mutual reinforcement between material and cultural-ethical
advancement, ensuring that the fruits of modernization benefit all people more equitably.

— Pursue high-quality development. Lead development with the new development

philosophy, foster new quality productive forces tailored to local conditions, strengthen the
domestic economic cycle, ensure smooth interplay between domestic and international dual
circulation, coordinate expansion of domestic demand with deepening supply-side structural
reform, accelerate the cultivation of new growth drivers, optimize and upgrade the economic
structure, improve new increments and revitalize existing assets, and promote sustained,
healthy economic development and comprehensive social progress.

— Deepen comprehensive reform. Focus on institutional and systemic obstacles hindering

high-quality development, advance deep-level reforms, expand high-standard opening-up,
and better align relations of production with productive forces, the superstructure with the
economic base, and national governance with social development, continuously enhancing
developmental momentum and societal vitality.

— Combine an efficient market with an effective government. Give full play to the decisive
role of the market in resource allocation while better leveraging the role of government. Build
a unified, open, competitive, and orderly market system, develop a law-based and
credit-based economy, and create a world-class, market-oriented, law-based, and
international business environment, establishing an economic order that is both dynamic and
well-regulated.

— Balance development and security. Strengthen security through development and pursue
development within a secure framework. Enhance bottom-line thinking, effectively prevent
and defuse various risks, bolster the resilience of the economy and society, and ensure that
the new security architecture safeguards the new development pattern.

(6) Main objectives for economic and social development during the “15th Five-Year” period.

— Significant progress in high-quality development. Maintain economic growth within a

reasonable range, steadily raise total factor productivity, significantly increase the household
consumption rate, and continuously strengthen domestic demand as the primary engine of
growth. Fully unleash growth potential, deepen the development of a unified national market,
and further leverage the advantages of China’s ultra-large-scale market. Achieve major
advances in new-type industrialization, informatization, urbanization, and agricultural
modernization. Make major breakthroughs in developing new quality productive forces,
constructing a new development pattern, and building a modern economic system.

— Substantially enhanced self-reliance and strength in science and technology. Significantly

improve the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system. Basically establish an
integrated development framework for education, science and technology, and talent.
Substantially strengthen basic research and original innovation capabilities. Achieve rapid
breakthroughs in key core technologies in priority areas, significantly increase the number of
fields where China is catching up or leading globally, and deepen the integration of scientific
innovation with industrial innovation, markedly enhancing the role of innovation as a driver of
development.

— New breakthroughs in comprehensive deepening of reform. Advance the modernization

of China’s system and capacity for governance. Further improve the socialist market
economy system and establish more robust mechanisms and institutions for high-level
opening-up. Further enhance the institutionalization, standardization, and proceduralization
of whole-process people’s democracy. Reach a higher level in building a socialist country
under the rule of law.

— Markedly elevated level of social civility. Strengthen cultural confidence, continuously

consolidate and expand mainstream ideological discourse, widely practice core socialist
values, constantly stimulate the creative vitality of the entire nation’s culture, enrich people’s
spiritual and cultural lives, significantly enhance the cohesion of the Chinese nation and the
global influence of Chinese culture, and continuously raise China’s soft power.

— Continuously improving quality of people’s lives. Make new progress in achieving

high-quality and full employment. Ensure household income grows in step with economic
growth and labor remuneration rises in tandem with labor productivity. Optimize the income
distribution structure, continuously expand the middle-income group, further improve and
sustain social security systems, and markedly enhance the equalization of basic public
services.

— New, significant progress in building a Beautiful China. Basically establish green

production and lifestyles. Achieve the carbon peak target on schedule. Initially build a new
energy system that is clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient. Continuously reduce total
emissions of major pollutants and steadily enhance the diversity, stability, and sustainability
of ecosystems.

— A more consolidated national security shield. Further strengthen the national security
system and capabilities, effectively prevent and defuse risks in key areas, markedly improve
social governance and public safety management, achieve the centenary goal of military
building on schedule, and steadily advance the building of a higher-level Peaceful China.
Building on these achievements, after another five years of hard work, by 2035 China will
see a substantial leap in its economic strength, scientific and technological prowess, national
defense capabilities, comprehensive national power, and international influence. Per capita
GDP will reach the level of moderately developed countries, people’s lives will be happier
and better, and socialist modernization will be basically realized.

III. Building a Modern Industrial System and Consolidating the Foundation of the Real
Economy

A modern industrial system constitutes the material and technological foundation of Chinese
modernization. We must focus economic development on the real economy, adhere to the
directions of intelligentization, green transformation, and integration, accelerate the building
of strong manufacturing, quality, aerospace, transportation, and cyberspace sectors,
maintain a reasonable share of manufacturing, and construct a modern industrial system
with advanced manufacturing as its backbone.

(7) Optimize and upgrade traditional industries. Promote quality enhancement and upgrading
of key industries, consolidating and enhancing the global competitiveness and position of
sectors such as mining, metallurgy, chemicals, light industry, textiles, machinery,
shipbuilding, and construction in the global industrial division of labor. Raise the level of
self-reliance and control over industrial chains, strengthen industrial foundation rebuilding
and critical technology equipment breakthroughs, and implement rolling actions for
high-quality development of key manufacturing industrial chains. Develop advanced
manufacturing clusters, promote technological transformation and upgrading, accelerate
digital-intelligent transformation of manufacturing, develop smart manufacturing, green
manufacturing, and service-oriented manufacturing, and expedite changes in industrial
models and enterprise organizational forms. Enhance foundational quality capabilities,
strengthen standards leadership, improve internationalization levels, and reinforce brand
building. Optimize industrial layout and promote the orderly domestic relocation of key
industries.

(8) Cultivate and expand emerging and future industries. Focus on building emerging pillar
industries. Implement industrial innovation projects, advancing in an integrated manner the
construction of innovation facilities, technological R&D, and product iteration and upgrading.
Accelerate the cluster development of strategic emerging industries such as new energy,
new materials, aerospace, and low-altitude economy. Improve the industrial ecosystem and
launch large-scale demonstration actions for the application of new technologies, products,
and scenarios to accelerate the scaled development of emerging industries.

Proactively lay out future industries, exploring diverse technological pathways, typical
application scenarios, viable business models, and market regulatory rules, to turn quantum
technology, bio-manufacturing, hydrogen and nuclear fusion energy, brain-computer
interfaces, embodied intelligence, and 6G into new growth drivers. Innovate regulatory
approaches, develop venture capital, and establish mechanisms for increasing investment in
future industries and sharing risks. Promote specialized, refined, distinctive, and innovative
development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and cultivate unicorn
enterprises.
(9) Promote high-quality and efficient development of the service sector. Implement actions
to expand capacity and improve quality in services, broaden service sector opening-up,
deepen regulatory reforms, improve supportive policy systems, and expand high-quality
market entities. Advance production-oriented services toward specialization and the high
end of the value chain by sector, and promote high-quality, diverse, and convenient
development of consumer-oriented services. Enhance the integrated development of
modern services with advanced manufacturing and modern agriculture, and advance the
digital-intelligent transformation of services. Strengthen service standards and quality brand
building. Improve the statistical monitoring system for the service sector.

(10) Construct a modern infrastructure system. Strengthen integrated planning of

infrastructure, optimize layout and structure, promote integration and convergence, and
enhance safety, resilience, and operational sustainability. Moderately advance the
construction of new infrastructure, promote the building and efficient, intensive utilization of
information and communications networks, a nationwide integrated computing power
network, and major scientific and technological infrastructure, and advance the upgrading
and digital-intelligent transformation of traditional infrastructure. Improve the modern,
integrated transportation system, strengthen cross-regional integrated planning and
multimodal seamless connectivity, and enhance coverage and accessibility in
underdeveloped areas. Establish a diversified and resilient international transport corridor
system. Optimize the layout of energy backbone corridors and intensify the construction of
new energy infrastructure. Accelerate the building of a modern water network to enhance
capabilities in flood control, integrated water resource allocation, and urban-rural water
supply security. Promote the construction of dual-use public infrastructure in cities for both
peacetime and emergencies.

IV. Accelerating High-Level Self-Reliance and Strength in Science and Technology to

Lead the Development of New Quality Productive Forces

Chinese modernization relies on the support of modernized science and technology. Seizing
the historic opportunity presented by the new round of scientific and technological revolution
and industrial transformation, we will coordinate the building of strong education, science
and technology, and talent systems, enhance the overall effectiveness of the national
innovation system, comprehensively strengthen independent innovation capabilities, seize
the commanding heights of scientific and technological development, and continuously foster
new quality productive forces.

(11) Strengthen original innovation and tackle key core technologies. Improve the new
nationwide system for mobilizing resources, adopt extraordinary measures, and achieve
decisive breakthroughs across the entire chain in key core technologies in priority areas
such as integrated circuits, machine tools, high-end instruments, foundational software,
advanced materials, and bio-manufacturing. Prioritize national strategic needs and deploy a
number of major national science and technology missions. Strengthen strategic,
forward-looking, and systematic planning of basic research, increase the proportion of
investment in basic research, and provide long-term, stable support. Enhance the orientation
toward original innovation in scientific research and technological development, optimize the
environment conducive to original and disruptive innovation, and produce more landmark
original achievements.
(12) Deepen the integration of scientific innovation and industrial innovation. Coordinate the
building of national strategic scientific and technological forces and enhance systematic
capabilities for tackling key challenges. Strengthen autonomous support for foundational
scientific and technological conditions and coordinate the construction of scientific and
technological innovation platforms and bases. Improve the regional innovation system, plan
and build regional scientific and technological innovation centers and industrial innovation
highlands, and strengthen the source function of international scientific and technological
innovation centers. Accelerate the efficient transformation and application of major scientific
and technological achievements, plan and build concept validation and pilot-scale validation
platforms, intensify the development and opening of application scenarios, and strengthen
intellectual property protection and utilization. Foster an open innovation ecosystem with
global competitiveness. Support young scientific and technological talents in innovation and
entrepreneurship. Strengthen science popularization, cultivate an innovation culture, and
promote the spirit of scientists. Enhance the construction of scientific and technological rule
of law, ethics, integrity, and safety.

Strengthen the principal role of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, channel
innovation resources toward enterprises, support enterprises in leading the formation of
innovation consortia and undertaking more national science and technology missions,
encourage enterprises to increase investment in basic research, and promote deep
integration of innovation, industrial, capital, and talent chains. Cultivate and expand leading
scientific and technological enterprises, support the development of high-tech and
technology-based SMEs, increase the additional deduction ratio for enterprise R&D
expenses, and intensify government procurement of independently innovated products.

(13) Promote integrated development of education, science and technology, and talent.
Establish and improve a coordinated mechanism for integrated advancement, strengthen
planning alignment, policy synergy, resource coordination, and linked evaluation, and foster
a virtuous interaction between independent scientific and technological innovation and
independent talent cultivation to build globally influential centers for education, science, and
talent. Collaboratively cultivate talent in alignment with scientific innovation, industrial
development, and national strategic needs, optimize the layout of higher education
institutions, advance classification-based reforms, coordinate discipline settings, deepen the
construction of “Double First-Class” universities and national interdisciplinary centers,
strengthen the talent aggregation and cultivation functions of research institutes, innovation
platforms, enterprises, and science and technology programs, and cultivate top-tier
innovative talents. Accelerate the building of national strategic talent forces, cultivating and
producing more strategic scientists, leading scientific and technological talents, outstanding
engineers, master craftsmen, and highly skilled talents. Strengthen talent collaboration,
optimize talent structure, and promote coordinated regional development of talent. Adopt
innovation capability, quality, effectiveness, and contribution as evaluation criteria, deepen
reforms in project review, institutional assessment, talent evaluation, and income distribution,
smooth channels for talent exchange among universities, research institutes, and
enterprises, and stimulate innovation and creativity. Deepen international exchanges and
cooperation, establish a high-tech talent immigration system, and attract and cultivate
world-class talent.
(14) Deepen the construction of Digital China. Improve the foundational systems for data
elements, build an open, shared, and secure nationwide integrated data market, and deepen
the development and utilization of data resources. Promote deep integration of the real
economy and the digital economy and implement the Industrial Internet Innovation
Development Project. Accelerate innovation in digital-intelligent technologies such as
artificial intelligence (AI), break through foundational theories and core technologies, and
strengthen efficient supply of computing power, algorithms, and data. Fully implement the
“AI+” initiative, use AI to lead the transformation of scientific research paradigms, strengthen
the integration of AI with industrial development, cultural advancement, livelihood security,
and social governance, seize the commanding heights of AI industrial applications, and
empower all sectors comprehensively. Strengthen AI governance and improve relevant laws,
regulations, policy systems, application norms, and ethical guidelines. Improve regulation
and promote innovative and healthy development of the platform economy.

V. Building a Strong Domestic Market and Accelerating the Formation of a New

Development Pattern

A strong domestic market is the strategic cornerstone of Chinese modernization. Adhering to

the strategic priority of expanding domestic demand, we will closely integrate improving
people’s livelihoods with promoting consumption and investing in both physical and human
capital. We will use new demand to guide new supply and new supply to create new
demand, fostering a virtuous interaction between consumption and investment, supply and
demand, and enhancing the endogenous impetus and reliability of the domestic economic
cycle.

(15) Vigorously boost consumption. Deeply implement special actions to boost consumption.
Coordinate employment promotion, income growth, and expectation stabilization, reasonably
increase the proportion of public service expenditures in fiscal spending, and enhance
residents’ consumption capacity. Expand the supply of high-quality consumer goods and
services. Focus on relaxing market access and promoting business model integration to
expand service consumption, strengthen brand leadership, upgrade standards, apply new
technologies, and drive the expansion and upgrading of goods consumption, creating a
batch of highly visible and widely influential new consumption scenarios. Cultivate
international consumption hub cities and expand inbound consumption. Increase the
intensity of inclusive policies directly reaching consumers and allocate more government
funds to livelihood security expenditures. Improve institutional mechanisms to promote
consumption, eliminate unreasonable restrictive measures on automobile and housing
consumption, establish and improve management approaches adapted to new consumption
formats, models, and scenarios, and implement staggered paid leave. Strengthen consumer
rights protection.

(16) Expand effective investment. Maintain reasonable investment growth and improve
investment efficiency. Optimize the structure of government investment, increase the
proportion of livelihood-related government investment, and advance the high-quality
implementation of major national strategies and key projects enhancing security capabilities.
Adapt to demographic structural changes and migration trends, improve the layout of
infrastructure and public service facilities, and strengthen investment in human resource
development and well-rounded human development. Coordinate the use of various types of
government investment and explore the compilation of comprehensive government
investment plans in regions with solid groundwork. Strengthen full-process management of
government investment. Deepen reforms in the investment approval system, further clarify
the investment directions and priorities of central and local governments, strengthen
planning and feasibility studies, and implement a batch of major landmark projects. Improve
the long-term mechanism for private enterprises to participate in major projects, leverage the
guiding role of government investment funds, stimulate private investment vitality, increase
the proportion of private investment, and enhance market-driven growth momentum for
effective investment.

(17) Resolutely remove bottlenecks hindering the construction of a unified national market.
Unify foundational market system rules, improve systems for property rights protection,
market access, information disclosure, social credit, mergers and acquisitions, and market
exit, eliminate barriers in areas such as factor access, qualification certification, bidding, and
government procurement, regulate local governments’ economic promotion behaviors, and
break down local protectionism and market segmentation. Comprehensively rectify
“race-to-the-bottom” competition. Unify market regulation and law enforcement, strengthen
quality supervision, improve the benchmark system for administrative discretion, intensify
anti-monopoly and anti-unfair competition law enforcement and judicial actions, and
establish a market order characterized by high quality, fair pricing, and healthy competition.
Improve integrated and seamless circulation rules and standards, achieve high-standard
connectivity of market facilities, and reduce overall logistics costs. Improve statistical, fiscal,
tax, and assessment systems conducive to building a unified national market and optimize
the sharing of interests among corporate headquarters, branches, production sites, and
consumption areas.

VI. Accelerate the Construction of a High-Level Socialist Market Economy System and
Strengthen the Momentum for High-Quality Development

A high-level socialist market economy system is a crucial guarantee for Chinese

modernization. We must uphold and improve the basic socialist economic system, better
leverage the guiding role of economic structural reform, refine the macroeconomic
governance system, and ensure that high-quality development proceeds steadily and
sustainably.

(18) Fully unleash the vitality of all types of market entities. Uphold and implement the "two
unwavering commitments"—unwaveringly consolidating and developing the public sector
and unwaveringly encouraging, supporting, and guiding the development of the non-public
sector—to promote complementary strengths and common development among enterprises
of all ownership types. Deepen state-owned asset and state-owned enterprise (SOE)
reforms to strengthen, optimize, and expand SOEs and state capital, advance the
optimization of the state-owned economy’s layout and structural adjustment, and enhance
SOEs’ core functions and competitiveness. Implement the Law on Promoting the Private
Economy to legally and institutionally guarantee equal access to production factors, fair
participation in market competition, and effective protection of legitimate rights and interests,
thereby fostering the growth of the private sector. Support the development of small and
medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and individual businesses and promote coordinated,
integrated development among large, medium, and small enterprises. Strengthen judicial
and law enforcement protection of property rights and enhance judicial oversight of coercive
measures such as seizure, impoundment, and freezing of assets. Improve the modern
enterprise system with Chinese characteristics, promote the entrepreneurial spirit, and
accelerate the cultivation of more world-class enterprises.

(19) Accelerate the improvement of institutional mechanisms for market-based allocation of

factors. Promote the efficient allocation of all types of factor resources and establish a
unified urban-rural construction land market, a well-functioning capital market, a smoothly
functioning labor market, and an efficient technology transfer market. Compile a macro
balance sheet to comprehensively assess the stock of national resources and assets and
optimize asset-liability structures. Improve policies on mergers and acquisitions, bankruptcy,
and asset swaps to revitalize underutilized land, idle real estate, and existing infrastructure
assets. Refine laws and regulations on the renewal of industrial and commercial land-use
rights and advance renewal work in a lawful and prudent manner. Promote the nationwide
revitalization and sharing of existing state-owned assets held by administrative and public
institutions. Facilitate organic integration between judicial enforcement and bankruptcy
systems to lawfully and effectively unlock the value of seized or frozen assets.

(20) Enhance the effectiveness of macroeconomic governance. Strengthen the strategic

guidance of national development plans, enhance coordination between fiscal and monetary
policies, and fully leverage the roles of industrial, pricing, employment, consumption,
investment, trade, regional, environmental, and regulatory policies to foster an economic
development model increasingly driven by domestic demand, consumption, and endogenous
growth. Strengthen both countercyclical and cross-cyclical adjustments, implement more
proactive macroeconomic policies, and continuously stabilize growth, employment, and
expectations. Ensure policy consistency in macroeconomic orientation, strengthen
evaluation of policy implementation outcomes, improve expectation management
mechanisms, and optimize comprehensive performance assessments for high-quality
development.

Leverage proactive fiscal policy while enhancing fiscal sustainability. Strengthen scientific
fiscal management, integrate fiscal resources and budgetary planning, and reinforce
financial support for major national strategic tasks and basic livelihood needs. Deepen
zero-based budgeting reforms, unify budget allocation authority, optimize fiscal expenditure
structures, and strengthen performance-based budget management. Improve the local tax
system and direct taxation framework, refine tax policies on business income, capital gains,
and property income, standardize preferential tax policies, and maintain a reasonable overall
tax burden. Appropriately strengthen central government responsibilities and increase the
share of central fiscal expenditures. Enhance local governments’ independent fiscal
capacity. Strengthen financial and accounting oversight. Accelerate the establishment of a
long-term, sound government debt management mechanism aligned with high-quality
development.

Accelerate the building of a financial powerhouse. Improve the central bank system,
construct a scientifically sound and robust monetary policy framework and a comprehensive
macroprudential management system, and ensure smooth transmission of monetary policy.
Vigorously develop technology finance, green finance, inclusive finance, pension finance,
and digital finance. Enhance the inclusiveness and adaptability of capital market institutions
and improve the coordination between investment and financing functions. Actively expand
equity and bond-based direct financing and steadily develop futures, derivatives, and asset
securitization. Optimize the financial institution system, encourage all types of financial
institutions to focus on core businesses, improve governance, and pursue differentiated
development. Build safe and efficient financial infrastructure. Steadily advance the
development of digital RMB. Accelerate the construction of Shanghai as an international
financial center. Strengthen financial regulation comprehensively, enhance coordination
between central and local regulators, enrich risk-resolution resources and tools, and
establish a systemic framework for preventing and mitigating financial risks to ensure the
stable operation of the financial system.

VII. Expand High-Level Opening-Up and Forge a New Landscape of Win-Win

Cooperation

Adhering to openness, cooperation, mutual benefit, and win-win outcomes is an inherent

requirement of Chinese modernization. We will steadily expand institutional opening-up,
uphold the multilateral trading system, broaden international economic circulation, use
openness to drive reform and development, and share opportunities and achieve common
development with countries worldwide.

(21) Proactively expand autonomous opening-up. Align with high-standard international

economic and trade rules, prioritize service-sector liberalization to broaden market access
and opening-up areas, and expand unilateral opening-up in scope and regions. Accelerate
negotiations on regional and bilateral trade and investment agreements and expand the
network of high-standard free trade areas. Optimize the regional layout of openness and
create diverse, high-level open platforms. Implement the strategy to upgrade pilot free trade
zones and build the Hainan Free Trade Port to high standards. Strategically plan and
construct major platforms for international cooperation in science and technology innovation,
trade in services, and industrial development. Advance RMB internationalization, enhance
capital account openness, and build a secure, controllable cross-border RMB payment
system. Promote reforms in global economic and financial governance and work toward a
fair, just, open, inclusive, and mutually beneficial international economic order.

(22) Drive innovative development in trade. Enhance the quality and efficiency of foreign
trade and accelerate the building of a strong trading nation. Promote market diversification
and integration of domestic and foreign trade, upgrade goods trade, expand trade in
intermediate goods and green products, and achieve balanced import-export development.
Vigorously develop trade in services, encourage service exports, refine the negative list
management system for cross-border trade in services, and raise the standardization level of
service trade. Innovate and develop digital trade and orderly expand openness in digital
sectors. Enhance the functions of trade promotion platforms and support the growth of new
business models such as cross-border e-commerce. Improve export control and security
review mechanisms.

(23) Expand two-way investment and cooperation. Cultivate new advantages in attracting
foreign investment, fully implement the principle of “access plus operation,” further shorten
the negative list for foreign investment, and encourage reinvestment by foreign-invested
enterprises within China. Improve the service and support system for foreign investment,
fully implement national treatment, promote efficient, convenient, and secure cross-border
data flows, and create a transparent, stable, and predictable institutional environment.
Effectively manage outbound investment, strengthen the overseas integrated service
system, promote integration of trade and investment, and guide rational and orderly
cross-border deployment of industrial and supply chains.

(24) Advance high-quality cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Strengthen
alignment with partner countries’ development strategies and enhance coordinated
management of cooperative planning. Deepen “hard connectivity” in infrastructure, “soft
connectivity” in rules and standards, and “heart-to-heart connectivity” with peoples of partner
countries. Improve the multidimensional, interconnected network and advance both major
landmark projects and “small but beautiful” livelihood initiatives. Enhance the China-Europe
(Asia) Railway Express. Accelerate the construction of the New Western Land-Sea Corridor.
Deepen practical cooperation in trade, investment, industry, and humanities, and expand
collaboration in green development, artificial intelligence, digital economy, health, tourism,
and agriculture. Establish a diversified, sustainable, and risk-controlled financing system.
Strengthen the protection of overseas interests.

VIII. Accelerate Agricultural and Rural Modernization and Solidly Advance

Comprehensive Rural Revitalization

Agricultural and rural modernization is pivotal to the overall success and quality of Chinese
modernization. We must continue to prioritize resolving issues concerning agriculture, rural
areas, and rural people (“the three rurals”) as the Party’s top priority, promote integrated
urban-rural development, continuously consolidate and expand achievements in poverty
alleviation, ensure rural areas possess basic modern living conditions, and accelerate the
building of a strong agricultural nation.

(25) Enhance the comprehensive agricultural production capacity and quality-efficiency ratio.
Simultaneously pursue yield and capacity, production and ecology, and increased output and
income. Integrate the development of technology-driven, green, quality-focused, and
brand-oriented agriculture to transform agriculture into a modern, large-scale industry.
Intensify implementation of the new round of the 100-billion-jin grain production capacity
enhancement initiative to strengthen the supply security of grain and other key agricultural
products. Strictly protect the redline for arable land, rigorously manage the balance between
land occupied and land replenished, and optimize the layout of agricultural land use.
Advance high-standard farmland construction with high quality, strengthen black soil
conservation and comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land, and improve farmland
quality. Deepen the seed industry revitalization initiative, promote R&D and application of
high-end, intelligent, and terrain-adapted agricultural machinery for hilly and mountainous
areas, and integrate high-quality farmland, seeds, machinery, and farming techniques for
synergistic gains. Promote balanced development of crop farming, forestry, animal
husbandry, and fisheries; develop modern facility agriculture; and build a diversified food
supply system. Develop understory economy and expand forestry and grassland industries.
Stabilize land contracting relationships and steadily pilot the extension of second-round
contracts by another 30 years upon expiration. Promote appropriately scaled agricultural
operations, improve the quality of new agricultural business entities, refine an efficient and
accessible agricultural social service system, and effectively link smallholder farmers with
modern agriculture.

(26) Advance the construction of livable, prosperous, and harmonious rural communities.
Learn from and apply the “Thousand-Village Demonstration, Ten-Thousand-Village
Improvement” (“Qiancun” or “Ten-Thousand-Village”) Project experience, tailor rural
construction mechanisms to local conditions, and promote rural revitalization in a classified,
orderly, and area-based manner. Gradually improve rural infrastructure completeness, public
service accessibility, and living environment comfort. Optimize town and village layouts in a
coordinated way and promote integrated planning, construction, and maintenance of
county-level infrastructure. Advance integrated county-level territorial spatial governance,
steadily carry out comprehensive land consolidation across entire regions, and continuously
improve rural living environments—resolutely addressing issues like rural toilet upgrades
and village-encircling garbage with persistent, targeted efforts—to rapidly close gaps in
modern rural living conditions and create high-quality rural living spaces. Develop distinctive
county-level economies, tap into the multifunctionality of agriculture, deepen integration of
primary, secondary, and tertiary rural industries, cultivate and expand rural specialty
industries, and improve mechanisms that link farmers to industries and drive their income
growth.

(27) Enhance the effectiveness of pro-agriculture, pro-farmer, and pro-rural policies.

Establish a diversified investment framework featuring fiscal priority, financial emphasis, and
broad social participation to ensure continuously increasing investment in rural revitalization.
Protect and motivate farmers’ enthusiasm for grain production through coordinated policy
support on pricing, subsidies, and insurance. Increase compensation for major
grain-producing regions and implement inter-provincial horizontal compensation between
production and marketing regions. Strengthen grain procurement, sales, and reserve
management. Diversify agricultural product imports and align trade with domestic production.
Promote two-way flows of urban and rural factors and incentivize talent to serve and start
businesses in rural areas. Use rural collectively-owned commercial construction land in a
thrifty and intensive manner, lawfully revitalize idle land and housing, and provide
differentiated land-use guarantees for rural development. Support the development of new
forms of rural collective economy.

Establish a regular mechanism to prevent returning to or falling into poverty, adhere to

targeted assistance, improve safety-net guarantees, strengthen development-oriented
support, enhance endogenous motivation, provide tiered and categorized support to
underdeveloped regions, and refine supportive policies for counties prioritized in rural
revitalization to ensure no large-scale return to poverty.

IX. Optimize Regional Economic Layout and Promote Coordinated Regional

Development

Coordinated regional development is an intrinsic requirement of Chinese modernization. We

must leverage the synergistic effects of the coordinated regional development strategy,
major regional strategies, the functional zoning strategy, and the new-type urbanization
strategy; optimize the layout of major productive forces; leverage key regions as growth
poles; and build a regional economic layout and territorial spatial system characterized by
complementary strengths and high-quality development.

(28) Enhance regional development coordination. Solidly advance the formation of a new
pattern in the large-scale development of the western region, achieve new breakthroughs in
the comprehensive revitalization of the northeast, accelerate the rise of the central region,
and expedite modernization in the eastern region, thereby promoting coordinated
development across east, central, and western regions and between north and south.
Consolidate and enhance the role of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River
Delta, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area as engines of high-quality
development. Continue to promote development along the Yangtze Economic Belt and
ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin. Advance the
high-standard, high-quality construction of Xiong’an New Area as a modern city and elevate
the development capacity of the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle. Encourage regions to
leverage their comparative advantages and showcase their strengths; support major
economic provinces in taking the lead and setting examples in advancing Chinese
modernization. Increase differentiated policy support to promote the revitalization and
development of revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority regions, border areas, and other
underdeveloped regions.

(29) Promote inter-regional collaborative development. Advance the construction of major

inter-regional and inter-basin corridors and strengthen infrastructure connectivity. Enhance
coordinated development among key city clusters and promote efficient collaboration along
regional innovation and industrial chains. Accelerate the development of the mid-Yangtze
River city cluster and cultivate several regional central cities to better leverage the
supporting and driving roles of inter-regional connector regions. Deepen cross-administrative
cooperation and improve mechanisms for coordinated planning, industrial collaboration, and
benefit sharing among regions, expanding models such as basin-based economic
development.

(30) Optimize the territorial spatial development pattern. Strengthen implementation of the
main functional zoning strategy, maintain overall stability in the layout of urbanized areas,
major agricultural production zones, and key ecological function zones, refine delineation of
special functional zones, and improve supportive policies and evaluation mechanisms.
Optimize the spatial layout of strategic industries and energy-resource bases. Improve the
territorial spatial planning system, implement and refine control lines for arable land and
permanent basic farmland, ecological conservation redlines, and urban development
boundaries, and apply differentiated, refined land-use regulations by zone and category.
Grant provincial governments greater autonomy in coordinating construction land use,
explore total construction land quotas managed by planning period, and implement
integrated land supply combining existing and new land.

(31) Deepen people-centered new-type urbanization. Scientifically and orderly promote the
urbanization of the rural migrant population and implement a system whereby permanent
residence registration entitles individuals to basic public services. Advance the
modernization of governance in megacities and large cities, accelerate integration within city
clusters and同城化 (same-city integration) within metropolitan areas, optimize urban size
structures, and promote coordinated, compact, and intensive development among large,
medium, small cities, and towns. Advance urbanization with county seats as key carriers in a
differentiated manner, enhancing their industrial support and public service capabilities.
Pursue endogenous urban development, vigorously implement urban renewal, and build
modern people-oriented cities that are innovative, livable, beautiful, resilient, civilized, and
smart. Solidly advance the construction of border towns.

(32) Strengthen marine development, utilization, and protection. Uphold integrated land-sea
planning, enhance capabilities in maritime governance, promote high-quality development of
the marine economy, and accelerate the building of a strong maritime nation. Strengthen
marine science and technology innovation, consolidate and enhance advantages in marine
equipment manufacturing, expand emerging marine industries, and develop modern
shipping services. Conduct marine surveys and observation-monitoring, advance the
development and utilization of marine energy resources and sea areas/islands, and
strengthen ecological protection and restoration in key maritime zones. Reinforce support
and guarantee systems for deep-sea and polar exploration. Resolutely safeguard maritime
rights, interests, and security, and enhance capabilities in maritime law enforcement and
judicial proceedings.

X. Unleash the Cultural Innovation and Creativity of the Entire Nation and Promote the
Prosperity of Socialist Culture

Cultural prosperity is a key hallmark of Chinese modernization. We must uphold Marxism’s

guiding role in the ideological domain, root ourselves in China’s profound and extensive
civilization, respond to the trends of information technology, and develop a new-era socialist
culture with Chinese characteristics that possesses strong ideological leadership, spiritual
cohesion, moral appeal, and international influence—thereby solidly advancing the building
of a culturally strong nation.

(33) Promote and practice socialist core values. Deepen study, publicity, and education on
the Party’s innovative theories and persistently use Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with
Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to unify thinking and strengthen the spirit. Innovatively
implement the Marxist Theory Research and Construction Project and accelerate the
building of an independent Chinese philosophical and social sciences knowledge system.
Lead cultural development with socialist core values, leverage culture’s role in nurturing
aspirations and cultivating sentiments, and foster an uplifting and enterprising national spirit.
Promote cultures of integrity and probity. Strengthen and improve ideological and political
work, advance campus cultural development, make good use of red resources, and reinforce
ideals and convictions among youth. Promote coordinated development of urban and rural
spiritual civilization to elevate public civility and societal ethical standards. Strengthen online
content development and management and enhance cultural governance capabilities under
informatized conditions.

(34) Vigorously prosper cultural undertakings. Foster a healthy cultural ecosystem, enhance
original cultural creation, and drive the production of masterpieces in news publishing, radio
and television, literature, and the arts. Cultivate a large, well-structured, and innovative
high-caliber cultural talent pool. Broadly carry out mass cultural activities and enrich new
forms of popular art under internet conditions. Deepen systemic reforms of mainstream
media, integrate news publicity and online public opinion management, and enhance the
guiding capacity of mainstream public opinion. Deeply implement the project for inheriting
and developing China’s fine traditional culture, promote systematic protection and unified
regulatory oversight of cultural heritage, and effectively protect and dynamically preserve
historic and cultural cities, districts, towns, and villages. Build and effectively utilize national
cultural parks. Construct a system of symbols representing Chinese civilization. Uphold
culture for the people and implement initiatives to improve and enhance public cultural
services. Promote the building of a society of readers. Advance coordinated development of
mass and competitive sports and accelerate the building of a strong sporting nation.

(35) Accelerate the development of the cultural industry. Improve cultural management
systems and production-operation mechanisms. Strengthen the cultural industry and market
systems, cultivate outstanding cultural enterprises and brands, implement a strategy driven
by major cultural industry projects, and adopt proactive cultural-economic policies. Promote
integration of culture and technology, empower cultural development through digital and
intelligent transformation, and foster new cultural business models. Guide and regulate the
healthy development of online literature, online games, and online audiovisual content, and
strengthen online protection for minors. Advance the building of a strong tourism nation,
enrich the supply of high-quality tourism products, and improve tourism service quality.
Enhance the convenience and internationalization of inbound tourism. Deepen the
integration of culture and tourism, vigorously develop cultural tourism, and empower broader
economic and social development through culture.

(36) Enhance the reach and influence of Chinese civilization. Improve international
communication systems and mechanisms, innovate communication platforms and methods,
strengthen key bases, enhance the international communication capacity of mainstream
media, comprehensively elevate China’s international discourse power, and tell China’s story
well to present a credible, lovable, and respectable image of China. Strengthen regional and
country-specific research to improve the effectiveness of international communication.
Deepen mutual learning among civilizations, widely conduct international cultural and
people-to-people exchanges and cooperation, and encourage more Chinese cultural
enterprises and outstanding cultural products to go global.

XI Strengthen efforts to safeguard and improve people's livelihoods, and solidly

advance common prosperity for all

Realizing the people's aspiration for a better life is the fundamental purpose and ultimate
goal of Chinese modernization. We must do our utmost within our capabilities, strengthen
inclusive, foundational, and safety-net-oriented livelihood programs, effectively address the
urgent, difficult, and pressing concerns of the people, facilitate upward social mobility, and
enhance the quality of people's lives.

(37) Promote high-quality and full employment. Deeply implement the employment-first
strategy, improve mechanisms for promoting employment, and build an employment-friendly
development model. Enhance synergy between industrial development and employment,
actively foster new occupations and job opportunities, and support enterprises in stabilizing
and expanding jobs. Improve mechanisms for matching labor supply and demand, establish
a lifelong vocational skills training system, and strengthen guidance on job-seeking and
hiring attitudes to effectively address structural employment imbalances. Improve
employment support and public service systems to stabilize and expand employment for key
groups—including college graduates, rural migrant workers, and veterans—and promote the
healthy development of flexible and new forms of employment. Increase support for
entrepreneurship to amplify its job-creation effects. Refine labor standards and labor
relations consultation and coordination mechanisms, strengthen protection of workers' rights,
and foster a fair and orderly employment environment. Improve employment impact
assessments and monitoring and early-warning systems to comprehensively respond to the
effects of external environmental changes and technological advances on employment.

(38) Improve the income distribution system. Uphold the principle of distribution according to
work as the mainstay, alongside multiple forms of distribution. Increase the share of
residents' income in national income distribution and the share of labor compensation in
primary distribution. Establish a primary distribution mechanism whereby market-based
evaluations determine the contributions of various factors of production and rewards are
allocated accordingly, ensuring that those who work harder, possess higher skills, or
innovate more receive greater rewards. Improve mechanisms for wage determination,
reasonable wage growth, and wage payment guarantees for workers; implement collective
wage negotiation systems; refine mechanisms for adjusting minimum wage standards; and
strengthen macro-level guidance on enterprise wage distribution. Broaden channels to
increase property income for urban and rural residents. Enhance redistribution through
taxation, social security, and transfer payments. Promote and regulate the development of
public welfare and charitable causes. Standardize income distribution order and wealth
accumulation mechanisms, support legal wealth creation through hard work and innovation,
and encourage the affluent to help others become prosperous, thereby advancing common
prosperity. Implement income-increase plans for urban and rural residents, effectively raise
incomes for low-income groups, steadily expand the size of the middle-income group,
reasonably adjust excessively high incomes, eliminate illegal income, and foster an
olive-shaped income distribution structure.

(39) Deliver education that satisfies the people. Implement the "Moral Education for the New
Era" initiative, effectively integrate ideological and political education with real-world social
experiences, strengthen physical education, aesthetic education, and labor education, and
refine the education evaluation system. Establish mechanisms for allocating educational
resources in response to demographic changes and expand educational resources in urban
areas experiencing net inflows of school-age populations. Gradually broaden the scope of
tuition-free education and explore extending the duration of compulsory education. Expand
and enhance the quality of basic education, promote high-quality and balanced development
of compulsory education and high-quality, affordable preschool education, increase
resources for general senior high schools, and provide quality special and specialized
education. Advance the quality and capacity expansion of higher education and increase
enrollment in high-quality undergraduate programs. Enhance the capabilities of vocational
schools and build distinctive, high-performing vocational colleges. Guide and regulate the
development of private education. Expand high-level international educational exchanges
and cooperation. Promote the spirit of educators, cultivate a high-caliber teaching workforce,
and strengthen guarantees for teachers' welfare. Establish a collaborative mechanism
involving schools, families, and society for nurturing students. Deepen the implementation of
the education digitalization strategy and optimize public services for lifelong learning.
(40) Strengthen the social security system. Improve and implement the nationwide unified
basic pension insurance system, accelerate the development of a multi-tiered, multi-pillar
pension system, refine mechanisms for determining and adjusting benefits, and gradually
raise the basic pension for urban and rural residents. Build a multi-tiered medical security
system, advance provincial-level pooling of basic medical insurance, and optimize policies
on centralized drug procurement, medical insurance payments, and use of surplus funds.
Expand coverage of unemployment and work-related injury insurance and establish a sound
occupational injury protection system. Improve policies for transferring and continuing social
insurance relationships and increase enrollment rates among flexible workers, rural migrant
workers, and those in new forms of employment. Refine actuarial systems for social
insurance, continue transferring state-owned capital to replenish social security funds, and
establish robust, long-term mechanisms for fund collection, coordinated allocation,
preservation and appreciation, and safety supervision. Leverage the supplementary role of
commercial insurance. Optimize the nationwide unified social security public service platform
and administrative services. Strengthen the social assistance system. Improve service and
support systems for vulnerable groups such as elderly people living alone, children in difficult
circumstances, and persons with disabilities. Establish a basic public funeral service system.
Uphold the fundamental national policy of gender equality and safeguard the legitimate
rights and interests of women and children. Enhance services and support for veterans.

(41) Promote high-quality development of the real estate sector. Accelerate the
establishment of a new development model for real estate and improve foundational
systems for commodity housing development, financing, and sales. Optimize the supply of
affordable housing to meet the basic housing needs of urban salaried workers and
disadvantaged households. Adopt city-specific policies to increase the supply of housing for
improved living conditions. Build safe, comfortable, green, and smart "quality homes,"
implement housing quality improvement projects, and enhance property management
services. Establish a whole-life-cycle safety management system for buildings.

(42) Accelerate the building of a Healthy China. Implement the health-first development
strategy, improve the policy and institutional framework for health promotion, enhance the
effectiveness of patriotic public health campaigns, and raise life expectancy and overall
population health. Strengthen public health capabilities, reinforce disease control and
prevention systems, and prevent and control major infectious diseases. Improve the
coordinated development and governance mechanisms for medical services, medical
insurance, and pharmaceuticals, and promote tiered diagnosis and treatment. Deepen
reforms in public hospitals with a public-welfare orientation, including staffing, service
pricing, salary systems, and comprehensive oversight, and strengthen operational support
for county-level and grassroots medical institutions. Optimize the functional positioning and
layout of medical institutions, implement the "Strengthening the Foundation of Healthcare"
initiative, and advance the digital and intelligent transformation of national health systems.
Enhance integrated prevention and control of chronic diseases and develop comprehensive
services covering prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, and management. Comprehensively
upgrade emergency medical response, blood supply security, and emergency preparedness
capabilities. Strengthen the capacity and ethical standards of the healthcare workforce.
Promote the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine and foster integration
of Chinese and Western medicine. Support the development of innovative drugs and
medical devices. Enhance mental health and psychiatric services.
(43) Promote high-quality population development. Establish a population service system
covering all demographic groups and the entire life cycle. Advocate positive attitudes toward
marriage and childbearing, optimize supportive policies and incentives for childbearing,
leverage childcare subsidies and personal income tax deductions to effectively reduce the
costs of childbearing, upbringing, and education for families. Improve the maternity
insurance system, implement maternity leave policies, and launch initiatives such as early
pregnancy care and programs to enhance capabilities in preventing and treating birth
defects. Deepen pilot programs for subsidized childcare services, develop affordable
childcare and integrated childcare-preschool services, and gradually improve relevant
systems. Strengthen health services for women and children. Actively respond to population
aging by improving policy mechanisms that coordinate the development of elderly care
services and industries. Optimize the provision of basic elderly care services, improve
urban-rural elderly care service networks, and enhance age-friendly and barrier-free
modifications of public facilities. Develop integrated medical-childcare and medical-elderly
care services. Implement long-term care insurance and establish a care system for elderly
people with disabilities or dementia, expanding the supply of rehabilitation, nursing, and
palliative care services. Prudently implement a gradual increase in the statutory retirement
age, optimize age-related restrictions in employment and social security policies, actively tap
into the human resources of older adults, and develop the silver economy.

(44) Steadily advance the equalization of basic public services. Establish evaluation
standards for equalizing basic public services, refine the scope and content of such services,
and formulate goals, pathways, and measures to achieve equalization. Direct more public
services toward grassroots communities, rural areas, remote regions, and disadvantaged
populations, and establish mechanisms for allocating public resources commensurate with
the resident population. Strengthen county-level coordination of basic public service
provision and improve long-term funding mechanisms. Deepen comprehensive reforms of
public institutions.

XII Accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social

development and build a Beautiful China

Green development is a defining feature of Chinese modernization. We must firmly uphold

and practice the concept that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, take
carbon peaking and carbon neutrality as strategic drivers, and advance in concert carbon
reduction, pollution control, ecological expansion, and economic growth to strengthen
ecological security and enhance the momentum for green development.

(45) Continuously and deeply advance the battle against pollution and ecosystem
optimization. Adhere to an environment-for-the-people approach, fully implement precise,
science-based, and law-based pollution control, place greater emphasis on source
governance, and strengthen synergies in reducing pollution and carbon emissions,
controlling multiple pollutants, and coordinating regional governance. Intensify efforts to
protect blue skies, clear waters, and clean soil. Accelerate implementation of the pollutant
discharge permit system as the core of fixed-source pollution regulation. Launch
comprehensive solid waste management initiatives. Strengthen environmental risk
prevention and control and deepen governance of emerging pollutants. Improve systems for
ecological and environmental standards, monitoring, evaluation, and assessment.

Adopt an integrated approach to the conservation and systematic governance of mountains,

rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, and advance major projects for
protecting and restoring key ecosystems. Strictly uphold ecological conservation redlines,
comprehensively advance the establishment of a protected area system with national parks
as the core, and orderly designate new national parks. Enhance biodiversity conservation.
Conduct evaluations of ecological conservation and restoration outcomes. Scientifically carry
out large-scale land greening initiatives and intensify efforts in the "Three-North" Shelterbelt
Program. Strengthen ecological barrier construction in regions such as the Qinghai-Tibet
Plateau. Improve diversified ecological compensation mechanisms and expand
region-specific channels for realizing the value of ecological products. Enhance integrated
governance and ecological protection of major rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Effectively
implement the ten-year Yangtze River fishing ban.

(46) Accelerate the construction of a new energy system. Continuously increase the share of
new energy in the energy mix, promote the safe, reliable, and orderly replacement of fossil
fuels, and focus on building a new power system to establish China as a global energy
powerhouse. Pursue a multi-energy approach integrating wind, solar, hydro, and nuclear
power, balance local consumption and long-distance transmission, and promote high-quality
development of clean energy. Enhance the clean and efficient utilization of fossil fuels,
advance the upgrading of coal-fired power plants, and replace scattered coal use.
Comprehensively enhance the complementarity, mutual support, and resilience of the power
system, scientifically plan pumped-storage hydropower facilities, vigorously develop new
energy storage technologies, and accelerate the construction of smart grids and microgrids.
Raise the electrification level of end-use energy consumption and promote green,
low-carbon energy consumption. Expedite the establishment of market and pricing
mechanisms suited to the new energy system.

(47) Actively and prudently advance and achieve carbon peaking. Implement a dual control
system for total carbon emissions and emission intensity. Deepen energy conservation and
carbon reduction retrofits. Drive coal and oil consumption to peak. Improve the carbon
accounting and statistical system and steadily implement policies and systems for local
carbon assessments, sectoral carbon controls, corporate carbon management, project
carbon evaluations, and product carbon footprints. Develop distributed energy systems and
build zero-carbon factories and industrial parks. Expand the coverage of the national carbon
emissions trading market and accelerate the development of a voluntary greenhouse gas
emissions trading market. Establish and improve a green and low-carbon standards system,
lead and promote international alignment and mutual recognition of rules and standards.
Improve the climate change adaptation framework and enhance capabilities to respond to
climate change, particularly extreme weather events.

(48) Accelerate the formation of green production and lifestyles. Deepen ecological and
environmental zoning controls, strengthen alignment with territorial spatial planning, and
collaboratively optimize industrial layouts. Promote green and low-carbon transitions in key
sectors such as industry, urban and rural construction, transportation, and energy. Improve
systems for managing total resource use and comprehensive conservation, enhance waste
sorting and resource recycling, and foster the circular economy. Continue building national
ecological civilization pilot zones and pioneering areas for a Beautiful China, and create
highlands of green development. Implement fiscal, tax, financial, investment, pricing,
technological, and environmental policies that promote green and low-carbon development.
Establish incentive mechanisms for green consumption and promote green, low-carbon
lifestyles.

XIII Advance the modernization of China's national security system and capabilities
and build a higher-level Peaceful China

Building a Peaceful China is a crucial component of Chinese modernization. We must

steadfastly implement the holistic national security outlook, follow the path of social
governance with Chinese socialist characteristics, and ensure a vibrant yet orderly society.

(49) Improve the national security system. Consolidate a centralized, unified, efficient, and
authoritative national security leadership system, accelerate the construction of a new
security architecture, and enhance strategic initiative in safeguarding and shaping national
security. Adhere to strategy as the guide, policy as the instrument, rule of law as the
safeguard, and risk prevention as the focal point, and refine the legal, strategic, policy, and
risk prevention systems for national security. Strengthen coordination mechanisms for key
and specialized areas of national security and improve emergency response effectiveness.
Implement the national security responsibility system, promote coordinated action across the
entire chain and all elements, and form systemic synergy. Improve mechanisms for handling
national security matters involving foreign affairs, build an overseas security guarantee
system, intensify efforts against sanctions, interference, and "long-arm jurisdiction," deepen
international law enforcement and security cooperation, and promote the improvement of
global security governance. Strengthen national security education and consolidate the
people's defense line.

(50) Strengthen national security capabilities in key areas. Forge practical and combat-ready
national security capabilities, prioritizing the protection of major security interests vital to the
nation's long-term stability, healthy economic development, and people's peaceful
livelihoods, with political security as the paramount concern. Strengthen foundational
security guarantees to ensure the safety of food, energy and resources, critical industrial and
supply chains, and major infrastructure; enhance exploration, development, and reserves of
strategic mineral resources; improve the efficient and secure utilization of water resources;
safeguard strategic channels; and advance the construction of China's strategic hinterland
and backup capabilities for critical industries. Enhance national security capabilities in
emerging domains such as cyberspace, data, artificial intelligence, biotechnology, ecology,
nuclear, space, deep sea, polar regions, and low-altitude airspace. Improve capabilities to
prevent and resolve risks in key areas, and coordinate the orderly resolution of risks in real
estate, local government debt, and small and medium-sized financial institutions to strictly
prevent systemic risks.

(51) Enhance public safety governance. Improve the public safety system and shift the
public safety governance model toward prevention. Strengthen monitoring, forecasting, and
early warning for meteorological, hydrological, and geological disasters, enhance capabilities
for disaster prevention, mitigation, relief, and response to major public emergencies, and
reinforce emergency command, workplace safety, and food and drug safety. Upgrade the
inherent safety of critical infrastructure and effectively curb major and especially serious
accidents. Deepen the construction of a comprehensive social security prevention and
control system, implement responsibilities for maintaining social stability, expand and
strengthen community-based crime prevention forces, establish a normalized mechanism for
combating organized crime, and intensify efforts to prevent and combat telecom and online
fraud, drug-related crimes, and other offenses. Promote standardized construction of
comprehensive governance centers. Deepen integrated cyberspace security governance
and strengthen personal information protection. Enhance prevention and governance of
juvenile delinquency. Accurately and comprehensively implement the criminal policy of
combining leniency with severity, lawfully punish crimes, and improve the quality and
effectiveness of penalty enforcement.

(52) Improve the social governance system. Uphold systematic, law-based, comprehensive,
and source-oriented governance, refine the co-construction, co-governance, and co-sharing
social governance system, and advance the modernization of social governance. Improve
social work mechanisms and systems, and refine social governance policies and legal
frameworks. Strengthen Party building in new economic organizations, new social
organizations, and new employment groups. Enhance the cultivation and management of
social organizations and promote reforms in industry associations and chambers of
commerce. Strengthen Party-led grassroots governance and local government capacity
building, fully implement lists of responsibilities for townships (subdistricts), and establish
access systems for village (community) work assignments. Uphold and develop the
"Fengqiao Experience" for the new era, enhance rural governance, and improve community
governance. Empower the people as the main actors in social governance and guide all
stakeholders to participate in an orderly manner. Advance coordinated online and offline
governance. Strengthen the allocation of grassroots service and management personnel and
improve mechanisms for service facilities and funding guarantees. Leverage the roles of
civic codes and village regulations, strengthen family education and ethical values, promote
changes in outdated customs, and effectively address harmful practices in weddings,
funerals, and other ceremonies.

Improve mechanisms for rallying and serving the people to consolidate the mass foundation
of social governance. Strengthen ideological and political guidance, improve service and
management for diverse social groups, refine systems for coordinating interests and
safeguarding legitimate rights, and show care and support for disadvantaged and vulnerable
groups. Establish a social psychological service system and crisis intervention mechanisms.
Enhance the functions of public service platforms such as citizen hotlines to ensure that "the
people's calls are heard and answered." Promote volunteer services and strengthen the
management of volunteer organizations. Advance the rule-of-law approach to handling
public complaints. Deepen efforts to resolve disputes at their source through diversified and
orderly mechanisms. Strengthen the social work professional workforce and enhance
specialized service capabilities.

XIV Achieve the centenary goal of military building on schedule and advance the
high-quality modernization of national defense and armed forces
A strong national defense and powerful military are strategic pillars of Chinese
modernization. We must implement Xi Jinping's thought on strengthening the military and the
military strategy for the new era, uphold the Party's absolute leadership over the people's
armed forces, implement the system of the chairman of the Central Military Commission
assuming overall responsibility, and follow the new "three-step" strategy for national defense
and military modernization. We will advance political work, reform, science and technology,
talent development, and rule of law in military affairs, simultaneously engaging in struggle,
combat readiness, and construction, accelerate the integrated development of
mechanization, informatization, and intelligentization, and enhance strategic capabilities to
safeguard national sovereignty, security, and development interests.

(53) Accelerate the development of advanced combat capabilities. Strengthen strategic

deterrence forces to uphold global strategic balance and stability. Promote the scaled,
combat-ready, and systematic development of new-domain and new-type combat forces,
accelerate the development of unmanned and intelligent combat capabilities and
countermeasures, and upgrade traditional combat forces. Coordinate the development and
application of network information systems, enhance data resource development and
utilization, and build an intelligent military system. Accelerate the construction of a modern
logistics system. Implement major national defense development projects, expedite national
defense science and technology innovation and the conversion of advanced technologies,
and accelerate the development of advanced weaponry and equipment. Optimize military
human resource policies and systems, enhance the educational and training capabilities of
military academies, and cultivate a high-quality, specialized, and modern military talent
corps. Launch initiatives to modernize military theory. Deepen strategic and operational
planning, solidly advance realistic military training, strengthen the integration of combat
capability systems, innovate models for building and employing combat power, and enhance
the relevance, initiative, and shaping power of military operations.

(54) Advance the modernization of military governance. Improve the leadership and
management systems of the people's armed forces and adjust and optimize the joint
operations system. Strengthen and improve strategic management, deepen the integration
of warfighting, force building, and combat readiness, enhance operational requirements as
the driving force, innovate management methods and tools, and improve the operational
efficiency of the military system and the effectiveness of defense resource utilization.
Strengthen consultation, evaluation, and oversight of major decisions and projects, advance
reforms in military budget management, improve military procurement systems, refine
statistical and evaluation systems for military construction, fully implement the principle of
frugal military building, and pursue a path of high efficiency, low cost, and sustainable
development. Continuously deepen political rectification, uphold fine traditions, and
strengthen rectification and governance in key sectors and fields. Deepen the rule of law in
the military, enhance the supply and enforcement oversight of regulations and systems, and
improve the Chinese-characteristic military legal system.

(55) Consolidate and enhance the integrated national strategic system and capabilities.
Deepen cross-military-civilian reforms to establish a well-coordinated, closely collaborative,
and standardized cross-sectoral working framework. Accelerate the development of strategic
capabilities in emerging domains and promote efficient integration and mutual reinforcement
between new-quality productive forces and new-quality combat capabilities. Build an
advanced national defense science and technology industrial system, optimize the layout of
the defense science and technology industry, and promote the harmonization of military and
civilian standards. Strengthen the submission of military requirements for national defense
construction and military-civilian coordination, ensure that major infrastructure projects fully
incorporate national defense requirements, and enhance strategic prepositioning for national
defense. Accelerate the development of national defense mobilization capabilities,
strengthen reserve forces, enhance modern border, coastal, and air defense systems, and
promote coordinated efforts by Party, government, military, police, and civilians to strengthen
border security. Deepen national defense education for all citizens and consolidate unity
between the military, government, and people.

XV Unite the entire Party, military, and people of all ethnic groups to strive for the
realization of the "15th Five-Year" Plan

Upholding and strengthening the Party's overall leadership is the fundamental guarantee for
advancing Chinese modernization. We must lead social revolution through the Party's
self-revolution, persistently advance full and rigorous self-governance, enhance the Party's
political leadership, ideological guidance, organizational strength among the people, and
social appeal, and improve the Party's capacity and competence in leading economic and
social development, thereby rallying tremendous strength for Chinese modernization.

(56) Uphold and strengthen the centralized, unified leadership of the Party Central
Committee. Improve mechanisms for implementing major decisions and plans of the Party
Central Committee to ensure smooth vertical coordination and effective execution.
Continuously unify thinking, will, and action through the Party's innovative theories. Develop
inner-Party democracy, improve and implement the democratic centralist system, and
adhere to scientific, democratic, and law-based decision-making. Maintain the correct
orientation in selecting and appointing personnel, prioritize political standards, establish and
practice a correct view of political achievements, refine cadre assessment and evaluation
mechanisms, adjust cadres who are not up to their current responsibilities, and normalize
the mechanism for promoting and demoting leading officials. Strengthen education, training,
and practical experience to enhance the modernization capabilities of the cadre contingent.
Combine strict management with genuine care and balance incentives with constraints to
stimulate the intrinsic motivation and overall vitality of the cadre contingent. Coordinately
advance Party organization building across all sectors, enhance the political and
organizational functions of Party organizations, and leverage the exemplary role of Party
members. Persistently implement the CPC Central Committee's Eight-point Regulation,
resolutely curb various unhealthy tendencies, and institutionalize and normalize efforts to
improve Party conduct. Deepen initiatives to reduce burdens on the grassroots by rectifying
formalism. Improve the Party and state oversight system and strengthen the standardization
and oversight of power allocation and operation. Maintain constant vigilance and resolve in
the fight against corruption, advance integrated efforts to ensure that officials dare not,
cannot, and will not engage in corruption, and resolutely wage a tough, protracted, and
comprehensive anti-corruption campaign. Foster a clean and upright political ecosystem.

(57) Advance socialist democratic and legal development. Unswervingly follow the path of
socialist political development with Chinese characteristics, uphold the organic unity of Party
leadership, the people running the country, and law-based governance, develop
whole-process people's democracy, and improve the socialist rule-of-law system with
Chinese characteristics. Uphold, improve, and effectively operate the people's congress
system to ensure that state organs exercise power and fulfill duties in accordance with the
law and that the people's democratic rights and legitimate interests are safeguarded and
realized. Uphold and improve the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation
under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, leverage the role of the Chinese
People's Political Consultative Conference as a specialized consultative body, strengthen
coordination among various consultation channels, and promote the extensive, multilayered,
and institutionalized development of consultative democracy. Improve grassroots democratic
systems to guarantee the people's right to manage grassroots public affairs and public
welfare undertakings in accordance with the law. Establish mechanisms for soliciting public
opinion and pooling public wisdom. Better leverage the roles of mass organizations such as
trade unions, the Communist Youth League, and women's federations, and strengthen policy
support for building a skilled industrial workforce, youth development, and the advancement
of women and children's causes. Promote the comprehensive development of human rights.
Improve the broad united front work framework and consolidate and develop the broadest
possible patriotic united front. Strengthen the sense of community for the Chinese nation and
advance the building of a Chinese national community. Uphold the Sinicization of religions in
China and enhance the rule-of-law governance of religious affairs. Fully implement the
Party's overseas Chinese affairs policies to better rally the hearts and strengths of overseas
Chinese.

Adhere to comprehensive law-based governance and advance scientific legislation, strict law
enforcement, impartial administration of justice, and universal compliance with the law in a
coordinated manner. Strengthen the implementation and oversight of the Constitution and
laws and improve systems and mechanisms for upholding the uniformity of national rule of
law. Enhance legislative planning and review to improve legislative quality. Strengthen the
building of a law-based government, fully implement the filing and review of administrative
normative documents, and improve mechanisms for substantively resolving administrative
disputes. Advance the construction of digital platforms for political and legal work and
strengthen cross-departmental coordination and oversight in law enforcement and justice.
Regulate the exercise of judicial power, improve mechanisms for achieving and evaluating
judicial fairness, and enhance the impartiality, stability, and authority of judicial rulings.
Strengthen prosecutorial oversight and public interest litigation. Legally protect personal
rights, property rights, and personality rights, establish long-term mechanisms for regulating
law enforcement involving enterprises, and prevent and correct irregular cross-jurisdictional
enforcement and profit-driven law enforcement. Improve the national enforcement system to
effectively address the "difficulty in enforcement" problem. Accelerate the development of a
foreign-related rule-of-law system and capabilities, and improve mechanisms for
international commercial mediation, arbitration, and litigation. Strengthen supervision and
inspection of law-based conduct by leading officials and refine comprehensive rule-of-law
evaluation mechanisms. Advance the building of a law-based society and foster a social
environment that upholds the rule of law, respects rules, honors contracts, and safeguards
justice.

(58) Promote the long-term prosperity and stability of Hong Kong and Macao. Unswervingly
implement the principles of "one country, two systems," "Hong Kong people administering
Hong Kong," "Macao people administering Macao," and a high degree of autonomy, uphold
the principle that "patriots administer Hong Kong" and "patriots administer Macao," enhance
the effectiveness of law-based governance in Hong Kong and Macao, and promote their
economic and social development. Support Hong Kong and Macao in better integrating into
and serving the overall national development strategy, strengthen cooperation with the
mainland in trade, economy, science and technology, culture, and other fields, and improve
policies and measures to facilitate the development and daily life of Hong Kong and Macao
residents in the mainland. Leverage Hong Kong and Macao's unique advantages of being
backed by the motherland and connected to the world, consolidate and enhance Hong
Kong's status as an international financial, shipping, and trade center, support Hong Kong in
building an international center for innovation and technology, further highlight Macao's role
as a "center, platform, and base," promote Macao's moderately diversified economic
development, and support Hong Kong and Macao in becoming global hubs for high-end
talent.

(59) Promote the peaceful development of cross-strait relations and advance the great
cause of national reunification. Thoroughly implement the Party's overall strategy for
resolving the Taiwan question in the new era, resolutely combat "Taiwan independence"
separatist forces, oppose external interference, safeguard peace and stability in the Taiwan
Strait, and firmly maintain the initiative and dominance in cross-strait relations. Deepen
cross-strait exchanges and cooperation and jointly inherit and promote Chinese culture.
High-quality advance the construction of cross-strait integrated development demonstration
zones, strengthen industrial cooperation, and promote cross-strait economic collaboration.
Implement policies ensuring Taiwan compatriots enjoy equal treatment, create better
conditions for Taiwan compatriots to study, work, and live on the mainland, and enhance the
well-being of compatriots on both sides of the strait.

(60) Promote the building of a community with a shared future for humanity. Advocate an
equal and orderly multipolar world and inclusive economic globalization, expand the global
network of partnerships, and promote the building of a new type of international relations.
Deepen integration and development in neighboring regions, strengthen common security,
consolidate strategic mutual trust, and build a community with a shared future for
neighboring countries. Maintain overall stability in relations among major countries, deepen
solidarity and cooperation with developing countries, implement the Global Development
Initiative, Global Security Initiative, Global Civilization Initiative, and Global Governance
Initiative, and lead the international order toward greater fairness and reasonableness.
Support the Global South in strengthening unity and self-reliance, increase foreign aid, and
provide more international public goods. Resolutely oppose hegemonism, power politics,
and bullying practices, uphold international fairness and justice, and safeguard the common
interests of peoples worldwide. Promote the common values of humanity and work toward
building a world of lasting peace, universal security, common prosperity, openness and
inclusiveness, and cleanliness and beauty, making China's contribution to building a
community with a shared future for humanity.

(61) Fully mobilize the entire society to actively, proactively, and creatively engage in building
Chinese modernization. In accordance with the spirit of this Plenum, formulate national and
local "15th Five-Year" Plan outlines and specialized plans to establish a national planning
system that is accurately positioned, clearly bounded, functionally complementary, and
seamlessly integrated. Strengthen monitoring, evaluation, and oversight of plan
implementation, improve policy coordination and interdepartmental collaboration
mechanisms, and ensure the effective implementation of the Party Central Committee's
decisions and plans. Uphold the principle of respecting labor, knowledge, talent, and
creativity, stimulate the entire society's drive for entrepreneurship, innovation, and creation,
and foster a dynamic situation where everyone's talents are fully utilized, all talents are put to
good use, and the whole nation is united in striving forward.

All Party members, military personnel, and people of all ethnic groups across the country
must rally more closely around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its
core, work together to basically achieve socialist modernization, and continuously open new
horizons in advancing the great cause of building a strong country and rejuvenating the
nation through Chinese modernization.

中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议

（2025年10月23日中国共产党第二十届中央委员会第四次全体会议通过）

中国共产党第二十届中央委员会第四次全体会议深入分析国际国内形势，就制定国民经
济和社会发展“十五五”规划提出以下建议。

一、“十五五”时期是基本实现社会主义现代化的关键时期

（1）“十四五”时期我国发展取得重大成就。“十四五”时期我国发展历程极不寻常、极不平
凡。面对错综复杂的国际形势和艰巨繁重的国内改革发展稳定任务，以习近平同志为核心的党
中央团结带领全党全国各族人民，迎难而上、砥砺前行，经受住世纪疫情严重冲击，有效应对
一系列重大风险挑战，推动党和国家事业取得新的重大成就。经济运行稳中有进，高质量发展
扎实推进；科技创新成果丰硕，新质生产力稳步发展；全面深化改革进一步推进，高水平对外开
放不断扩大；全过程人民民主深入发展，全面依法治国有效实施；文化事业和文化产业蓬勃发
展，精神文化产品丰富多彩；民生保障扎实稳固，脱贫攻坚成果巩固拓展；绿色低碳转型步伐
加快，生态环境质量持续改善；国家安全能力有效提升，社会治理效能增强，社会大局保持稳
定；国防和军队建设取得重大进展；“一国两制”实践深入推进；中国特色大国外交全面拓展；全
面从严治党成效显著，反腐败斗争纵深推进，党的创造力、凝聚力、战斗力明显提高。我国经济
实力、科技实力、综合国力跃上新台阶，中国式现代化迈出新的坚实步伐，第二个百年奋斗目
标新征程实现良好开局。这些重大成就的取得，根本在于以习近平同志为核心的党中央领航
掌舵，在于习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想科学指引。

（2）“十五五”时期在基本实现社会主义现代化进程中具有承前启后的重要地位。实现社会
主义现代化是一个阶梯式递进、不断发展进步的历史过程，需要不懈努力、接续奋斗。“十五
五”时期是基本实现社会主义现代化夯实基础、全面发力的关键时期，要巩固拓展优势、破除
瓶颈制约、补强短板弱项，在激烈国际竞争中赢得战略主动，推动事关中国式现代化全局的战
略任务取得重大突破，为基本实现社会主义现代化奠定更加坚实的基础。

（3）“十五五”时期我国发展环境面临深刻复杂变化。大国关系牵动国际形势，国际形势演
变深刻影响国内发展，我国发展处于战略机遇和风险挑战并存、不确定难预料因素增多的时
期。从国际看，世界百年变局加速演进，国际力量对比深刻调整，新一轮科技革命和产业变革
加速突破，我国具备主动运筹国际空间、塑造外部环境的诸多有利因素。同时，世界变乱交
织、动荡加剧，地缘冲突易发多发；单边主义、保护主义抬头，霸权主义和强权政治威胁上升，
国际经济贸易秩序遇到严峻挑战，世界经济增长动能不足；大国博弈更加复杂激烈。从国内看
，我国经济基础稳、优势多、韧性强、潜能大，长期向好的支撑条件和基本趋势没有变，中国
特色社会主义制度优势、超大规模市场优势、完整产业体系优势、丰富人才资源优势更加彰
显。同时，发展不平衡不充分问题仍然突出；有效需求不足，国内大循环存在卡点堵点；新旧
动能转换任务艰巨；农业农村现代化相对滞后；就业和居民收入增长压力较大，民生保障存在
短板弱项；人口结构变化给经济发展、社会治理等提出新课题；重点领域还有风险隐患。

变局蕴含机遇，挑战激发斗志。全党要深刻领悟“两个确立”的决定性意义，增强“四个意
识”、坚定“四个自信”、做到“两个维护”，保持战略定力，增强必胜信心，积极识变应变求变，敢
于斗争、善于斗争，勇于面对风高浪急甚至惊涛骇浪的重大考验，以历史主动精神克难关、战
风险、迎挑战，集中力量办好自己的事，续写经济快速发展和社会长期稳定两大奇迹新篇章，
奋力开创中国式现代化建设新局面。

二、“十五五”时期经济社会发展的指导方针和主要目标

（4）“十五五”时期经济社会发展的指导思想。坚持马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平
理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观，全面贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想，深
入贯彻党的二十大和二十届历次全会精神，围绕全面建成社会主义现代化强国、实现第二个
百年奋斗目标，以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴，统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局，
协调推进“四个全面”战略布局，统筹国内国际两个大局，完整准确全面贯彻新发展理念，加快
构建新发展格局，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，坚持以经济建设为中心，以推动高质量发展为主
题，以改革创新为根本动力，以满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要为根本目的，以全面从严治
党为根本保障，推动经济实现质的有效提升和量的合理增长，推动人的全面发展、全体人民共
同富裕迈出坚实步伐，确保基本实现社会主义现代化取得决定性进展。

（5）“十五五”时期经济社会发展必须遵循的原则。

——坚持党的全面领导。坚决维护党中央权威和集中统一领导，提高党把方向、谋大局、
定政策、促改革能力，把党的领导贯穿经济社会发展各方面全过程，为我国社会主义现代化建
设提供根本保证。

——坚持人民至上。尊重人民主体地位，紧紧依靠人民，维护人民根本利益，促进社会公
平正义，注重在发展中保障和改善民生，在满足民生需求中拓展发展空间，推动经济和社会协
调发展、物质文明和精神文明相得益彰，让现代化建设成果更多更公平惠及全体人民。

——坚持高质量发展。以新发展理念引领发展，因地制宜发展新质生产力，做强国内大循
环，畅通国内国际双循环，统筹扩大内需和深化供给侧结构性改革，加快培育新动能，促进经
济结构优化升级，做优增量、盘活存量，推动经济持续健康发展和社会全面进步。

——坚持全面深化改革。聚焦制约高质量发展的体制机制障碍，推进深层次改革，扩大高
水平开放，推动生产关系和生产力、上层建筑和经济基础、国家治理和社会发展更好相适应，
持续增强发展动力和社会活力。
 ——坚持有效市场和有为政府相结合。充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用，更好发
挥政府作用，构建统一、开放、竞争、有序的市场体系，建设法治经济、信用经济，打造市场化
法治化国际化一流营商环境，形成既“放得活”又“管得好”的经济秩序。

——坚持统筹发展和安全。在发展中固安全，在安全中谋发展，强化底线思维，有效防范
化解各类风险，增强经济和社会韧性，以新安全格局保障新发展格局。

（6）“十五五”时期经济社会发展的主要目标。

——高质量发展取得显著成效。经济增长保持在合理区间，全要素生产率稳步提升，居民
消费率明显提高，内需拉动经济增长主动力作用持续增强，经济增长潜力得到充分释放，全国
统一大市场建设纵深推进，超大规模市场优势持续显现，新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现
代化取得重大进展，发展新质生产力、构建新发展格局、建设现代化经济体系取得重大突破。

——科技自立自强水平大幅提高。国家创新体系整体效能显著提升，教育科技人才一体
发展格局基本形成，基础研究和原始创新能力显著增强，重点领域关键核心技术快速突破，并
跑领跑领域明显增多，科技创新和产业创新深度融合，创新驱动作用明显增强。

——进一步全面深化改革取得新突破。国家治理体系和治理能力现代化深入推进，社会
主义市场经济体制更加完善，高水平对外开放体制机制更加健全，全过程人民民主制度化、规
范化、程序化水平进一步提高，社会主义法治国家建设达到更高水平。

——社会文明程度明显提升。文化自信更加坚定，主流思想舆论不断巩固壮大，社会主义
核心价值观广泛践行，全民族文化创新创造活力不断激发，人民精神文化生活更加丰富，中华
民族凝聚力和中华文化影响力显著增强，国家软实力持续提高。

——人民生活品质不断提高。高质量充分就业取得新进展，居民收入增长和经济增长同
步、劳动报酬提高和劳动生产率提高同步，分配结构得到优化，中等收入群体持续扩大，社会
保障制度更加优化更可持续，基本公共服务均等化水平明显提升。

——美丽中国建设取得新的重大进展。绿色生产生活方式基本形成，碳达峰目标如期实现
，清洁低碳安全高效的新型能源体系初步建成，主要污染物排放总量持续减少，生态系统多样
性稳定性持续性不断提升。

——国家安全屏障更加巩固。国家安全体系和能力进一步加强，重点领域风险得到有效
防范化解，社会治理和公共安全治理水平明显提高，建军一百年奋斗目标如期实现，更高水平
平安中国建设扎实推进。

在此基础上再奋斗五年，到二〇三五年实现我国经济实力、科技实力、国防实力、综合国
力和国际影响力大幅跃升，人均国内生产总值达到中等发达国家水平，人民生活更加幸福美
好，基本实现社会主义现代化。

三、建设现代化产业体系，巩固壮大实体经济根基

现代化产业体系是中国式现代化的物质技术基础。坚持把发展经济的着力点放在实体经
济上，坚持智能化、绿色化、融合化方向，加快建设制造强国、质量强国、航天强国、交通强
国、网络强国，保持制造业合理比重，构建以先进制造业为骨干的现代化产业体系。
 （7）优化提升传统产业。推动重点产业提质升级，巩固提升矿业、冶金、化工、轻工、纺
织、机械、船舶、建筑等产业在全球产业分工中的地位和竞争力。提升产业链自主可控水平，
强化产业基础再造和重大技术装备攻关，滚动实施制造业重点产业链高质量发展行动，发展先
进制造业集群。推动技术改造升级，促进制造业数智化转型，发展智能制造、绿色制造、服务型
制造，加快产业模式和企业组织形态变革。增强质量技术基础能力，强化标准引领、提升国际
化水平，加强品牌建设。优化产业布局，促进重点产业在国内有序转移。

（8）培育壮大新兴产业和未来产业。着力打造新兴支柱产业。实施产业创新工程，一体推
进创新设施建设、技术研究开发、产品迭代升级，加快新能源、新材料、航空航天、低空经济
等战略性新兴产业集群发展。完善产业生态，实施新技术新产品新场景大规模应用示范行动，
加快新兴产业规模化发展。

前瞻布局未来产业，探索多元技术路线、典型应用场景、可行商业模式、市场监管规则，
推动量子科技、生物制造、氢能和核聚变能、脑机接口、具身智能、第六代移动通信等成为新
的经济增长点。创新监管方式，发展创业投资，建立未来产业投入增长和风险分担机制。促进
中小企业专精特新发展，培育独角兽企业。

（9）促进服务业优质高效发展。实施服务业扩能提质行动，扩大服务业开放，深化监管改
革，完善支持政策体系，扩大优质经营主体，分领域推进生产性服务业向专业化和价值链高端
延伸，促进生活性服务业高品质、多样化、便利化发展。提高现代服务业与先进制造业、现代
农业融合发展水平，推进服务业数智化。加强服务标准和质量品牌建设。健全服务业统计监测
体系。

（10）构建现代化基础设施体系。加强基础设施统筹规划，优化布局结构，促进集成融合，
提升安全韧性和运营可持续性。适度超前建设新型基础设施，推进信息通信网络、全国一体
化算力网、重大科技基础设施等建设和集约高效利用，推进传统基础设施更新和数智化改造。
完善现代化综合交通运输体系，加强跨区域统筹布局、跨方式一体衔接，强化薄弱地区覆盖和
通达保障。健全多元化、韧性强的国际运输通道体系。优化能源骨干通道布局，加力建设新型
能源基础设施。加快建设现代化水网，增强洪涝灾害防御、水资源统筹调配、城乡供水保障能
力。推进城市平急两用公共基础设施建设。

四、加快高水平科技自立自强，引领发展新质生产力

中国式现代化要靠科技现代化作支撑。抓住新一轮科技革命和产业变革历史机遇，统筹教
育强国、科技强国、人才强国建设，提升国家创新体系整体效能，全面增强自主创新能力，抢
占科技发展制高点，不断催生新质生产力。

（11）加强原始创新和关键核心技术攻关。完善新型举国体制，采取超常规措施，全链条推
动集成电路、工业母机、高端仪器、基础软件、先进材料、生物制造等重点领域关键核心技术攻
关取得决定性突破。突出国家战略需求，部署实施一批国家重大科技任务。加强基础研究战
略性、前瞻性、体系化布局，提高基础研究投入比重，加大长期稳定支持。强化科学研究、技术
开发原始创新导向，优化有利于原创性、颠覆性创新的环境，产出更多标志性原创成果。

（12）推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合。统筹国家战略科技力量建设，增强体系化攻关
能力。强化科技基础条件自主保障，统筹科技创新平台基地建设。完善区域创新体系，布局建
设区域科技创新中心和产业科技创新高地，强化国际科技创新中心策源功能。加快重大科技
成果高效转化应用，布局建设概念验证、中试验证平台，加大应用场景建设和开放力度，加强
知识产权保护和运用。营造具有全球竞争力的开放创新生态。支持青年科技人才创新创业。
加强科学技术普及，培育创新文化，弘扬科学家精神。加强科技法治、伦理、诚信、安全建设。

强化企业科技创新主体地位，推动创新资源向企业集聚，支持企业牵头组建创新联合体、
更多承担国家科技攻关任务，鼓励企业加大基础研究投入，促进创新链产业链资金链人才链深
度融合。培育壮大科技领军企业，支持高新技术企业和科技型中小企业发展，提高企业研发费
用加计扣除比例。加大政府采购自主创新产品力度。

（13）一体推进教育科技人才发展。建立健全一体推进的协调机制，强化规划衔接、政策协
同、资源统筹、评价联动，促进科技自主创新和人才自主培养良性互动，建设具有全球影响力
的教育中心、科学中心、人才中心。围绕科技创新、产业发展和国家战略需求协同育人，优化
高校布局、分类推进改革、统筹学科设置，深入推进“双一流”高校和国家交叉学科中心建设，
强化科研机构、创新平台、企业、科技计划人才集聚培养功能，培育拔尖创新人才。加快建设
国家战略人才力量，培养造就更多战略科学家、科技领军人才、卓越工程师、大国工匠、高技
能人才等各类人才。加强人才协作，优化人才结构，促进人才区域协调发展。以创新能力、质
量、实效、贡献为评价导向，深化项目评审、机构评估、人才评价、收入分配改革，畅通高校、
科研院所、企业人才交流通道，激发创新创造动力活力。深化国际交流合作，建立高技术人才
移民制度，引育世界优秀人才。

（14）深入推进数字中国建设。健全数据要素基础制度，建设开放共享安全的全国一体化
数据市场，深化数据资源开发利用。促进实体经济和数字经济深度融合，实施工业互联网创新
发展工程。加快人工智能等数智技术创新，突破基础理论和核心技术，强化算力、算法、数据
等高效供给。全面实施“人工智能+”行动，以人工智能引领科研范式变革，加强人工智能同产
业发展、文化建设、民生保障、社会治理相结合，抢占人工智能产业应用制高点，全方位赋能
千行百业。加强人工智能治理，完善相关法律法规、政策制度、应用规范、伦理准则。完善监
管，推动平台经济创新和健康发展。

五、建设强大国内市场，加快构建新发展格局

强大国内市场是中国式现代化的战略依托。坚持扩大内需这个战略基点，坚持惠民生和促
消费、投资于物和投资于人紧密结合，以新需求引领新供给，以新供给创造新需求，促进消费
和投资、供给和需求良性互动，增强国内大循环内生动力和可靠性。

（15）大力提振消费。深入实施提振消费专项行动。统筹促就业、增收入、稳预期，合理提
高公共服务支出占财政支出比重，增强居民消费能力。扩大优质消费品和服务供给。以放宽准
入、业态融合为重点扩大服务消费，强化品牌引领、标准升级、新技术应用，推动商品消费扩
容升级，打造一批带动面广、显示度高的消费新场景。培育国际消费中心城市，拓展入境消
费。加大直达消费者的普惠政策力度，增加政府资金用于民生保障支出。完善促进消费制度
机制，清理汽车、住房等消费不合理限制性措施，建立健全适应消费新业态新模式新场景的
管理办法，落实带薪错峰休假。强化消费者权益保护。

（16）扩大有效投资。保持投资合理增长，提高投资效益。优化政府投资结构，提高民生类
政府投资比重，高质量推进国家重大战略实施和重点领域安全能力项目建设。适应人口结构
变化和流动趋势，完善基础设施和公共服务设施布局，加强人力资源开发和人的全面发展投
资。统筹用好各类政府投资，在工作基础较好的地方探索编制全口径政府投资计划。加强政府
投资全过程管理。深化投资审批制度改革，进一步明确中央和地方投资方向和重点。加强谋划
论证，实施一批重大标志性工程项目。完善民营企业参与重大项目建设长效机制，发挥政府投
资基金引导带动作用，激发民间投资活力、提高民间投资比重，增强市场主导的有效投资增长
动力。

（17）坚决破除阻碍全国统一大市场建设卡点堵点。统一市场基础制度规则，完善产权保
护、市场准入、信息披露、社会信用、兼并重组、市场退出等制度，消除要素获取、资质认定、
招标投标、政府采购等方面壁垒，规范地方政府经济促进行为，破除地方保护和市场分割。综
合整治“内卷式”竞争。统一市场监管执法，加强质量监管，完善行政裁量权基准制度，强化反垄
断和反不正当竞争执法司法，形成优质优价、良性竞争的市场秩序。健全一体衔接的流通规则
和标准，高标准联通市场设施，降低全社会物流成本。完善有利于统一大市场建设的统计、财
税、考核制度，优化企业总部和分支机构、生产地和消费地利益分享。

六、加快构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制，增强高质量发展动力

高水平社会主义市场经济体制是中国式现代化的重要保障。坚持和完善社会主义基本经
济制度，更好发挥经济体制改革牵引作用，完善宏观经济治理体系，确保高质量发展行稳致
远。

（18）充分激发各类经营主体活力。坚持和落实“两个毫不动摇”，促进各种所有制经济优势
互补、共同发展。深化国资国企改革，做强做优做大国有企业和国有资本，推进国有经济布局
优化和结构调整，增强国有企业核心功能、提升核心竞争力。落实民营经济促进法，从法律和
制度上保障平等使用生产要素、公平参与市场竞争、有效保护合法权益，发展壮大民营经济。
支持中小企业和个体工商户发展，推动大中小企业协同融通发展。强化产权执法司法保护，加
强对查封、扣押、冻结等强制措施的司法监督。完善中国特色现代企业制度，弘扬企业家精神
，加快建设更多世界一流企业。

（19）加快完善要素市场化配置体制机制。促进各类要素资源高效配置，建立健全城乡统
一的建设用地市场、功能完善的资本市场、流动顺畅的劳动力市场、转化高效的技术市场。
编制宏观资产负债表，全面摸清存量资源资产底数，优化资产负债结构。完善并购、破产、置
换等政策，盘活用好低效用地、闲置房产、存量基础设施。完善工商业用地使用权续期法律法
规，依法稳妥推进续期工作。推进全国行政事业单位存量国有资产盘活共享。推动司法判决执
行与破产制度有机衔接，依法有效盘活被查封冻结财产。

（20）提升宏观经济治理效能。强化国家发展规划战略导向作用，加强财政、货币政策协同
，发挥好产业、价格、就业、消费、投资、贸易、区域、环保、监管等政策作用，促进形成更多
由内需主导、消费拉动、内生增长的经济发展模式。强化逆周期和跨周期调节，实施更加积极
的宏观政策，持续稳增长、稳就业、稳预期。增强宏观政策取向一致性，强化政策实施效果评
价，健全预期管理机制，优化高质量发展综合绩效考核。

发挥积极财政政策作用，增强财政可持续性。加强财政科学管理，加强财政资源和预算统
筹，强化国家重大战略任务和基本民生财力保障。深化零基预算改革，统一预算分配权，优化
财政支出结构，加强预算绩效管理。完善地方税、直接税体系，健全经营所得、资本所得、财产
所得税收政策，规范税收优惠政策，保持合理的宏观税负水平。适当加强中央事权、提高中央
财政支出比重。增加地方自主财力。加强财会监督。加快构建同高质量发展相适应的政府债务
管理长效机制。

加快建设金融强国。完善中央银行制度，构建科学稳健的货币政策体系和覆盖全面的宏
观审慎管理体系，畅通货币政策传导机制。大力发展科技金融、绿色金融、普惠金融、养老金
融、数字金融。提高资本市场制度包容性、适应性，健全投资和融资相协调的资本市场功能。积
极发展股权、债券等直接融资，稳步发展期货、衍生品和资产证券化。优化金融机构体系，推
动各类金融机构专注主业、完善治理、错位发展。建设安全高效的金融基础设施。稳步发展数
字人民币。加快建设上海国际金融中心。全面加强金融监管，强化央地监管协同，丰富风险处
置资源和手段，构建风险防范化解体系，保障金融稳健运行。

七、扩大高水平对外开放，开创合作共赢新局面

坚持开放合作、互利共赢是中国式现代化的必然要求。稳步扩大制度型开放，维护多边贸
易体制，拓展国际循环，以开放促改革促发展，与世界各国共享机遇、共同发展。

（21）积极扩大自主开放。对接国际高标准经贸规则，以服务业为重点扩大市场准入和开放
领域，扩大单边开放领域和区域。加快推进区域和双边贸易投资协定进程，扩大高标准自由贸
易区网络。优化区域开放布局，打造形态多样的开放高地。实施自由贸易试验区提升战略，高
标准建设海南自由贸易港。统筹布局建设科技创新、服务贸易、产业发展等重大开放合作平
台。推进人民币国际化，提升资本项目开放水平，建设自主可控的人民币跨境支付体系。推进
全球经济金融治理改革，推动构建和维护公平公正、开放包容、合作共赢的国际经济秩序。

（22）推动贸易创新发展。促进外贸提质增效，加快建设贸易强国。推动市场多元化和内外
贸一体化，优化升级货物贸易，拓展中间品贸易、绿色贸易，推动进出口平衡发展。大力发展服
务贸易，鼓励服务出口，完善跨境服务贸易负面清单管理制度，提升服务贸易标准化水平。创
新发展数字贸易，有序扩大数字领域开放。提升贸易促进平台功能，支持跨境电商等新业态新
模式发展。完善出口管制和安全审查机制。

（23）拓展双向投资合作空间。塑造吸引外资新优势，落实好“准入又准营”，缩减外资准入
负面清单，促进外资境内再投资。健全外商投资服务保障体系，全面落实国民待遇，推进数据
高效便利安全跨境流动，营造透明稳定可预期的制度环境。有效实施对外投资管理，健全海外
综合服务体系，促进贸易投资一体化，引导产业链供应链合理有序跨境布局。

（24）高质量共建“一带一路”。加强与共建国家战略对接，强化合作规划统筹管理。深化基
础设施“硬联通”、规则标准“软联通”、同共建国家人民“心联通”，完善立体互联互通网络布局，
统筹推进重大标志性工程和“小而美”民生项目建设。提升中欧（亚）班列发展水平。加快西部
陆海新通道建设。深化贸易、投资、产业、人文务实合作，拓展绿色发展、人工智能、数字经
济、卫生健康、旅游、农业等领域合作新空间。完善多元化、可持续、风险可控的投融资体
系。加强海外利益保护。

八、加快农业农村现代化，扎实推进乡村全面振兴

农业农村现代化关系中国式现代化全局和成色。坚持把解决好“三农”问题作为全党工作重
中之重，促进城乡融合发展，持续巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果，推动农村基本具备现代生活条件，
加快建设农业强国。

（25）提升农业综合生产能力和质量效益。坚持产量产能、生产生态、增产增收一起抓，统
筹发展科技农业、绿色农业、质量农业、品牌农业，把农业建成现代化大产业。加力实施新
一轮千亿斤粮食产能提升行动，增强粮食等重要农产品供给保障能力。严守耕地红线，严格占
补平衡管理，统筹农用地布局优化。高质量推进高标准农田建设，加强黑土地保护和盐碱地综
合利用，提升耕地质量。深入实施种业振兴行动，推进高端智能、丘陵山区适用农机装备研发
应用，促进良田良种良机良法集成增效。坚持农林牧渔并举，发展现代设施农业，构建多元化
食物供给体系。发展林下经济，壮大林草产业。稳定土地承包关系，稳步推进二轮承包到期后
再延长三十年试点。发展农业适度规模经营，提高新型农业经营主体发展质量，完善便捷高效
的农业社会化服务体系，促进小农户和现代农业发展有机衔接。

（26）推进宜居宜业和美乡村建设。学习运用“千万工程”经验，因地制宜完善乡村建设实施
机制，分类有序、片区化推进乡村振兴，逐步提高农村基础设施完备度、公共服务便利度、人
居环境舒适度。统筹优化村镇布局，推动县域基础设施一体化规划建设管护。协同推进县域国
土空间治理，稳步开展全域土地综合整治，持续整治提升农村人居环境，以钉钉子精神解决好
农村改厕、垃圾围村等问题，加快补齐农村现代生活条件短板，创造乡村优质生活空间。发展
各具特色的县域经济，开发农业多种功能，推动农村一二三产业深度融合，培育壮大乡村特色
产业，完善联农带农机制，促进农民稳定增收。

（27）提高强农惠农富农政策效能。健全财政优先保障、金融重点倾斜、社会积极参与的多
元投入格局，确保乡村振兴投入力度不断增强。保护和调动农民务农种粮积极性，强化价格、
补贴、保险等政策支持和协同。加大粮食主产区利益补偿力度，实施产销区省际横向利益补
偿。加强粮食购销和储备管理。推进农产品进口多元化，促进贸易和生产相协调。推动城乡要
素双向流动，激励各类人才下乡服务和创业就业。节约集约利用农村集体经营性建设用地，依
法盘活用好闲置土地和房屋，分类保障乡村发展用地。支持发展新型农村集体经济。

统筹建立常态化防止返贫致贫机制，坚持精准帮扶，完善兜底式保障，强化开发式帮扶，
增强内生动力，分层分类帮扶欠发达地区，健全乡村振兴重点帮扶县支持政策，确保不发生规
模性返贫致贫。

九、优化区域经济布局，促进区域协调发展

区域协调发展是中国式现代化的内在要求。发挥区域协调发展战略、区域重大战略、主体
功能区战略、新型城镇化战略叠加效应，优化重大生产力布局，发挥重点区域增长极作用，构
建优势互补、高质量发展的区域经济布局和国土空间体系。

（28）增强区域发展协调性。扎实推动西部大开发形成新格局、东北全面振兴取得新突破、
中部地区加快崛起、东部地区加快推进现代化，促进东中西、南北方协调发展。巩固提升京津
冀、长三角、粤港澳大湾区高质量发展动力源作用。持续推进长江经济带发展、黄河流域生态
保护和高质量发展。高标准高质量推进雄安新区建设现代化城市，提升成渝地区双城经济圈发
展能级。鼓励各地发挥比较优势、各展所长，支持经济大省挑大梁，在推进中国式现代化中走
在前作示范。加大差异化政策支持力度，促进革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区等振兴发展。

（29）促进区域联动发展。推进跨区域跨流域大通道建设，强化区域基础设施互联互通。加
强重点城市群协调联动发展，促进区域创新链产业链高效协作。推动长江中游城市群等加快发
展，培育发展若干区域性中心城市，更好发挥跨区域联结型地区支撑带动作用。深化跨行政区
合作，健全区域间规划统筹、产业协作、利益共享等机制，拓展流域经济等模式。

（30）优化国土空间发展格局。强化主体功能区战略实施，保持城市化地区、农产品主产
区、重点生态功能区格局总体稳定，细化明确特殊功能区，完善支持政策和考核评价机制。推
动战略性产业、能源资源基地等布局优化。完善国土空间规划体系，落实优化耕地和永久基本
农田、生态保护红线、城镇开发边界等控制线，分区分类实施差别化、精细化用途管制。赋予
省级政府统筹建设用地更大自主权，探索实施建设用地总量按规划期管控模式，实行统筹存量
和增量综合供地。
 （31）深入推进以人为本的新型城镇化。科学有序推进农业转移人口市民化，推行由常住
地登记户口提供基本公共服务制度。推进超大特大城市治理现代化，加快城市群一体化和都
市圈同城化，优化城市规模结构，促进大中小城市和小城镇协调发展、集约紧凑布局。分类推
进以县城为重要载体的城镇化建设，提升产业支撑能力和公共服务水平。坚持城市内涵式发展
，大力实施城市更新，建设创新、宜居、美丽、韧性、文明、智慧的现代化人民城市。扎实推进
边境城镇建设。

（32）加强海洋开发利用保护。坚持陆海统筹，提高经略海洋能力，推动海洋经济高质量发
展，加快建设海洋强国。加强海洋科技创新，巩固提升海洋装备制造业优势，壮大海洋新兴产
业，发展现代航运服务业。实施海洋调查和观测监测，推进海洋能源资源和海域海岛开发利用
，加强重点海域生态环境保护修复。强化深海极地考察支撑保障体系。坚定维护海洋权益和安
全，提高海上执法和海事司法能力。

十、激发全民族文化创新创造活力，繁荣发展社会主义文化

文化繁荣兴盛是中国式现代化的重要标志。坚持马克思主义在意识形态领域的指导地位，
植根博大精深的中华文明，顺应信息技术发展潮流，发展具有强大思想引领力、精神凝聚力、
价值感召力、国际影响力的新时代中国特色社会主义文化，扎实推进文化强国建设。

（33）弘扬和践行社会主义核心价值观。深化党的创新理论学习和宣传教育，坚持不懈用
习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想凝心铸魂。创新实施马克思主义理论研究和建设工程，加
快构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系。以社会主义核心价值观引领文化建设，发挥文化养
心志、育情操的作用，涵养全民族昂扬奋发的精神气质。弘扬诚信文化、廉洁文化。加强和改
进思想政治工作，推进校园文化建设，用好红色资源，加强青少年理想信念教育。统筹推进城
乡精神文明建设，提升人民文明素养和社会文明程度。加强网络内容建设和管理。提升信息化
条件下文化领域治理能力。

（34）大力繁荣文化事业。营造良好文化生态，提升文化原创能力，推动新闻出版、广播影
视、文学艺术等领域精品创作。培育形成规模宏大、结构合理、锐意创新的高水平文化人才队
伍。广泛开展群众性文化活动，繁荣互联网条件下新大众文艺。深化主流媒体系统性变革，推
进新闻宣传和网络舆论一体化管理，提高主流舆论引导能力。深入实施中华优秀传统文化传承
发展工程，推动文化遗产系统性保护和统一监管督察，加强历史文化名城、街区、村镇有效保
护和活态传承。建好用好国家文化公园。构建中华文明标识体系。坚持文化惠民，实施公共文
化服务提质增效行动。推进书香社会建设。统筹推进群众体育和竞技体育发展，加快建设体
育强国。

（35）加快发展文化产业。完善文化管理体制和生产经营机制。健全文化产业体系和市场
体系，培育优秀文化企业和品牌，实施重大文化产业项目带动战略，实施积极的文化经济政
策。推进文化和科技融合，推动文化建设数智化赋能、信息化转型，发展新型文化业态。引导
规范网络文学、网络游戏、网络视听等健康发展，加强未成年人网络保护。推进旅游强国建设
，丰富高品质旅游产品供给，提高旅游服务质量。提升入境游便利化国际化水平。推进文旅深
度融合，大力发展文化旅游业，以文化赋能经济社会发展。

（36）提升中华文明传播力影响力。完善国际传播体制机制，创新传播载体和方式，加强重
点基地建设，增强主流媒体国际传播能力，全面提升国际话语权，讲好中国故事，展现可信、
可爱、可敬的中国形象。加强区域国别研究，提升国际传播效能。深化文明交流互鉴，广泛开
展国际人文交流合作，鼓励更多文化企业和优秀文化产品走向世界。
 十一、加大保障和改善民生力度，扎实推进全体人民共同富裕

实现人民对美好生活的向往是中国式现代化的出发点和落脚点。坚持尽力而为、量力而
行，加强普惠性、基础性、兜底性民生建设，解决好人民群众急难愁盼问题，畅通社会流动渠
道，提高人民生活品质。

（37）促进高质量充分就业。深入实施就业优先战略，健全就业促进机制，构建就业友好
型发展方式。加强产业和就业协同，积极培育新职业新岗位，支持企业稳岗扩岗。完善人力资
源供需匹配机制，健全终身职业技能培训制度，强化择业和用人观念引导，着力解决结构性就
业矛盾。完善就业支持和公共服务体系，稳定和扩大高校毕业生、农民工、退役军人等重点群
体就业，推动灵活就业、新就业形态健康发展。加大创业支持力度，增强创业带动就业效应。
完善劳动标准体系和劳动关系协商协调机制，加强劳动者权益保障，营造公平有序就业环境。
完善就业影响评估和监测预警，综合应对外部环境变化和新技术发展对就业的影响。

（38）完善收入分配制度。坚持按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存，提高居民收入在国民
收入分配中的比重，提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重。健全各类要素由市场评价贡献、按贡
献决定报酬的初次分配机制，促进多劳者多得、技高者多得、创新者多得。完善劳动者工资决
定、合理增长、支付保障机制，推行工资集体协商制度，健全最低工资标准调整机制，加强企
业工资分配宏观指导。多渠道增加城乡居民财产性收入。加强税收、社会保障、转移支付等再
分配调节。促进和规范公益慈善事业发展。规范收入分配秩序和财富积累机制，支持勤劳创新
合法致富，鼓励先富带后富促共富。实施城乡居民增收计划，有效增加低收入群体收入，稳步
扩大中等收入群体规模，合理调节过高收入，取缔非法收入，推动形成橄榄型分配格局。

（39）办好人民满意的教育。实施新时代立德树人工程，促进思政课堂和社会课堂有效融
合，加强体育、美育、劳动教育，完善教育评价体系。健全与人口变化相适应的教育资源配置
机制，扩大学龄人口净流入城镇的教育资源供给。稳步扩大免费教育范围，探索延长义务教育
年限。推动基础教育扩优提质，统筹义务教育优质均衡发展、学前教育优质普惠发展，扩大普
通高中办学资源，办好特殊教育、专门教育。推动高等教育提质扩容，扩大优质本科教育招生
规模。提升职业学校办学能力，建设特色鲜明高职院校。引导规范民办教育发展。扩大高水平
教育对外开放。弘扬教育家精神，培养造就高水平教师队伍，强化教师待遇保障。健全学校家
庭社会协同育人机制。深入实施教育数字化战略，优化终身学习公共服务。

（40）健全社会保障体系。完善并落实基本养老保险全国统筹制度，加快发展多层次、多支
柱养老保险体系，健全待遇确定和调整机制，逐步提高城乡居民基础养老金。健全多层次医疗
保障体系，推进基本医疗保险省级统筹，优化药品集采、医保支付和结余资金使用政策。扩大
失业、工伤保险覆盖面，建立健全职业伤害保障制度。完善社保关系转移接续政策，提高灵活
就业人员、农民工、新就业形态人员参保率。健全社会保险精算制度，继续划转国有资本充实
社保基金，健全社保基金长效筹集、统筹调剂、保值增值和安全监管机制。发挥各类商业保险
补充保障作用。优化全国统一的社保公共服务平台和经办管理服务。健全社会救助体系。完
善空巢老人、困境儿童、残疾人等群体服务保障体系。建立健全基本殡葬服务制度。坚持男女
平等基本国策，保障妇女儿童合法权益。加强退役军人服务保障。

（41）推动房地产高质量发展。加快构建房地产发展新模式，完善商品房开发、融资、销
售等基础制度。优化保障性住房供给，满足城镇工薪群体和各类困难家庭基本住房需求。因城
施策增加改善性住房供给。建设安全舒适绿色智慧的“好房子”，实施房屋品质提升工程和物
业服务质量提升行动。建立房屋全生命周期安全管理制度。
 （42）加快建设健康中国。实施健康优先发展战略，健全健康促进政策制度体系，提升爱国
卫生运动成效，提高人均预期寿命和人民健康水平。强化公共卫生能力，加强疾控体系建设，
防控重大传染病。健全医疗、医保、医药协同发展和治理机制，促进分级诊疗。以公益性为导
向深化公立医院编制、服务价格、薪酬制度、综合监管改革，加强县区、基层医疗机构运行保
障。优化医疗机构功能定位和布局，实施医疗卫生强基工程，推进全民健康数智化建设。加强
慢性病综合防控，发展防治康管全链条服务。全方位提升急诊急救、血液保障和应急能力。加
强医疗卫生队伍能力和作风建设。推进中医药传承创新，促进中西医结合。支持创新药和医疗
器械发展。加强心理健康和精神卫生服务。

（43）促进人口高质量发展。健全覆盖全人群、全生命周期的人口服务体系。倡导积极婚育
观，优化生育支持政策和激励措施，发挥育儿补贴和个人所得税抵扣政策作用，有效降低家庭
生育养育教育成本。完善生育保险制度，落实生育休假制度，实施早孕关爱行动、孕育和出生
缺陷防治能力提升计划。深入开展托育服务补助示范试点，发展普惠托育和托幼一体化服务，
逐步完善相关制度。加强妇女和儿童健康服务。积极应对人口老龄化，健全养老事业和产业协
同发展政策机制。优化基本养老服务供给，完善城乡养老服务网络，加强公共设施适老化和无
障碍改造。发展医育、医养结合服务。推行长期护理保险，健全失能失智老年人照护体系，扩
大康复护理、安宁疗护服务供给。稳妥实施渐进式延迟法定退休年龄，优化就业、社保等方面
年龄限制政策，积极开发老年人力资源，发展银发经济。

（44）稳步推进基本公共服务均等化。建立基本公共服务均等化评价标准，完善基本公共
服务范围和内容，制定实现基本公共服务均等化的目标、路径、措施，推动更多公共服务向基
层下沉、向农村覆盖、向边远地区和生活困难群众倾斜，健全与常住人口相匹配的公共资源配
置机制。加强县域基本公共服务供给统筹，完善投入保障长效机制。全面深化事业单位改革。

十二、加快经济社会发展全面绿色转型，建设美丽中国

绿色发展是中国式现代化的鲜明底色。牢固树立和践行绿水青山就是金山银山的理念，
以碳达峰碳中和为牵引，协同推进降碳、减污、扩绿、增长，筑牢生态安全屏障，增强绿色发
展动能。

（45）持续深入推进污染防治攻坚和生态系统优化。坚持环保为民，全面落实精准科学依
法治污，更加注重源头治理，强化减污降碳协同、多污染物控制协同、区域治理协同，深入打
好蓝天、碧水、净土保卫战。加快落实以排污许可制为核心的固定污染源监管制度。实施固体
废物综合治理行动。加强环境风险防控，深入推进新污染物治理。完善生态环境标准、监测、
评价和考核制度。

坚持山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和系统治理，统筹推进重要生态系统保护和修复重大工
程。严守生态保护红线，全面推进以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系建设，有序设立新的国
家公园。加强生物多样性保护。开展生态保护修复成效评估。科学开展大规模国土绿化行动，
打好“三北”工程攻坚战。加强青藏高原等地区生态屏障建设。完善多元化生态补偿机制，因地
制宜拓展生态产品价值实现渠道。加强重要江河湖库系统治理和生态保护。实施好长江十年
禁渔。

（46）加快建设新型能源体系。持续提高新能源供给比重，推进化石能源安全可靠有序替
代，着力构建新型电力系统，建设能源强国。坚持风光水核等多能并举，统筹就地消纳和外送
，促进清洁能源高质量发展。加强化石能源清洁高效利用，推进煤电改造升级和散煤替代。全
面提升电力系统互补互济和安全韧性水平，科学布局抽水蓄能，大力发展新型储能，加快智能
电网和微电网建设。提高终端用能电气化水平，推动能源消费绿色化低碳化。加快健全适应新
型能源体系的市场和价格机制。

（47）积极稳妥推进和实现碳达峰。实施碳排放总量和强度双控制度。深入实施节能降碳
改造。推动煤炭和石油消费达峰。完善碳排放统计核算体系，稳步实施地方碳考核、行业碳管
控、企业碳管理、项目碳评价、产品碳足迹等政策制度。发展分布式能源，建设零碳工厂和园
区。扩大全国碳排放权交易市场覆盖范围，加快温室气体自愿减排交易市场建设。建立健全
绿色低碳标准体系，推动引领国际规则标准完善和衔接互认。完善适应气候变化工作体系，提
升应对气候变化特别是极端天气能力。

（48）加快形成绿色生产生活方式。深入推进生态环境分区管控，加强同国土空间规划衔
接，协同优化产业布局。推动工业、城乡建设、交通运输、能源等重点领域绿色低碳转型。完
善资源总量管理和全面节约制度，提高垃圾分类和资源化利用水平，促进循环经济发展。持续
建设国家生态文明试验区，建设美丽中国先行区，打造绿色发展高地。落实促进绿色低碳发展
的财税、金融、投资、价格、科技、环保政策。健全绿色消费激励机制，推广绿色低碳生活方
式。

十三、推进国家安全体系和能力现代化，建设更高水平平安中国

建设平安中国是中国式现代化的重要内容。坚定不移贯彻总体国家安全观，走中国特色
社会主义社会治理之路，确保社会生机勃勃又井然有序。

（49）健全国家安全体系。巩固集中统一、高效权威的国家安全领导体制，加快构建新安全
格局，增强维护和塑造国家安全战略主动。坚持以战略为先导、政策为抓手、法治为保障、风
险防控为落脚点，完善国家安全法治体系、战略体系、政策体系、风险防控体系。强化国家安
全重点领域和重要专项协调机制，提高应急应变效能。落实国家安全责任制，促进全链条全要
素协同联动，形成体系合力。完善涉外国家安全机制，构建海外安全保障体系，加强反制裁、
反干预、反“长臂管辖”斗争，深化国际执法安全合作，推动完善全球安全治理。强化国家安全
教育，筑牢人民防线。

（50）加强重点领域国家安全能力建设。锻造实战实用的国家安全能力，突出保障事关国
家长治久安、经济健康稳定、人民安居乐业的重大安全，把捍卫政治安全摆在首位。夯实国家
安全基础保障，确保粮食、能源资源、重要产业链供应链、重大基础设施安全，加强战略性矿
产资源勘探开发和储备，提高水资源集约安全利用水平，维护战略通道安全，推进国家战略腹
地建设和关键产业备份。加强网络、数据、人工智能、生物、生态、核、太空、深海、极地、低空
等新兴领域国家安全能力建设。提高防范化解重点领域风险能力，统筹推进房地产、地方政
府债务、中小金融机构等风险有序化解，严防系统性风险。

（51）提高公共安全治理水平。完善公共安全体系，推动公共安全治理模式向事前预防转
型。加强气象、水文、地质灾害监测预报预警，提高防灾减灾救灾和重大突发公共事件处置保
障能力，加强应急指挥、安全生产、食品药品安全等工作。提升重要基础设施本质安全水平，
有效遏制重特大事故。深化社会治安整体防控体系和能力建设，落实维护社会稳定责任，发展
壮大群防群治力量，健全扫黑除恶常态化机制，加大预防和打击电信网络诈骗、毒品犯罪等的
力度。推进综治中心规范化建设。深化网络空间安全综合治理，加强个人信息保护。强化未成
年人违法犯罪预防和治理。全面准确贯彻宽严相济刑事政策，依法惩处违法犯罪，提升刑罚执
行质效。
 （52）完善社会治理体系。坚持系统治理、依法治理、综合治理、源头治理，完善共建共治
共享的社会治理制度，推进社会治理现代化。健全社会工作体制机制，完善社会治理政策和法
律法规体系。加强新经济组织、新社会组织、新就业群体党的建设。加强社会组织培育管理，
推动行业协会商会改革发展。加强党建引领基层治理和基层政权建设，全面实施乡镇（街道）履
行职责事项清单，健全村（社区）工作事项准入制度。坚持和发展新时代“枫桥经验”，加强乡村
治理，完善社区治理。发挥人民群众主体作用，引导各方有序参与社会治理。推进网上网下协
同治理。加强基层服务管理力量配置，完善服务设施和经费保障机制。发挥市民公约、村规民
约等作用，加强家庭家教家风建设，推进移风易俗，有效治理婚丧嫁娶中的陋习等问题。

完善凝聚服务群众工作机制，夯实社会治理群众基础。加强思想政治引领，改进各类社
会群体服务管理，健全利益关系协调、合法权益保障制度，关心关爱困难、弱势群体。健全社
会心理服务体系和危机干预机制。强化市民热线等公共服务平台功能，推动“民有所呼、我有
所应”。发展志愿服务，加强志愿服务组织管理。推进信访工作法治化。深入推动矛盾纠纷源头
化解、多元化解、有序化解。加强社会工作者队伍建设，提高专业化服务水平。

十四、如期实现建军一百年奋斗目标，高质量推进国防和军队现代化

巩固国防和强大军队是中国式现代化的战略支撑。贯彻习近平强军思想，贯彻新时代军事
战略方针，坚持党对人民军队绝对领导，贯彻军委主席负责制，按照国防和军队现代化新“三步
走”战略，推进政治建军、改革强军、科技强军、人才强军、依法治军，边斗争、边备战、边建
设，加快机械化信息化智能化融合发展，提高捍卫国家主权、安全、发展利益战略能力。

（53）加快先进战斗力建设。壮大战略威慑力量，维护全球战略平衡和稳定。推进新域新质
作战力量规模化、实战化、体系化发展，加快无人智能作战力量及反制能力建设，加强传统作
战力量升级改造。统筹网络信息体系建设运用，加强数据资源开发利用，构建智能化军事体
系。加快建设现代化后勤。实施国防发展重大工程，加紧国防科技创新和先进技术转化，加快
先进武器装备发展。优化军事人力资源政策制度，提高军队院校办学育人水平，打造高素质专
业化新型军事人才方阵。实施军事理论现代化推进工程。深化战略和作战筹划，扎实推进实战
化军事训练，加强作战能力体系集成，创新战斗力建设和运用模式，增强军事斗争针对性、主
动性、塑造力。

（54）推进军事治理现代化。完善人民军队领导管理体制机制，调整优化联合作战体系。加
强和改进战略管理，深化战建备统筹，强化作战需求牵引，创新管理方法手段，提高军事系统
运行效能和国防资源使用效益。加强重大决策咨询评估和重大项目监管，推进军费预算管理
改革，改进军事采购制度，完善军队建设统计评估体系，全面落实勤俭建军方针，走高效益、低
成本、可持续发展路子。持续深化政治整训，弘扬优良传统，加强重点行业和领域整肃治理。深
入推进军队法治建设，加强法规制度供给和执行监督，完善中国特色军事法治体系。

（55）巩固提高一体化国家战略体系和能力。深化跨军地改革，构建各司其职、紧密协作、
规范有序的跨军地工作格局。加快新兴领域战略能力建设，推动新质生产力同新质战斗力高效
融合、双向拉动。建设先进国防科技工业体系，优化国防科技工业布局，推进军民标准通用
化。加强国防建设军事需求提报和军地对接，推动重大基础设施全面贯彻国防要求，加强国防
战略预制。加快国防动员能力建设，加强后备力量建设，加强现代边海空防建设，推进党政军
警民合力强边固防。深化全民国防教育，巩固军政军民团结。

十五、全党全国各族人民团结起来为实现“十五五”规划而奋斗
 坚持和加强党的全面领导是推进中国式现代化的根本保证。坚持以党的自我革命引领社
会革命，持之以恒推进全面从严治党，增强党的政治领导力、思想引领力、群众组织力、社会
号召力，提高党领导经济社会发展能力和水平，为推进中国式现代化凝聚磅礴力量。

（56）坚持和加强党中央集中统一领导。完善党中央重大决策部署落实机制，确保上下贯
通、执行有力。持续用党的创新理论统一思想、统一意志、统一行动。发展党内民主，健全和落
实民主集中制，坚持科学决策、民主决策、依法决策。坚持正确用人导向，坚持把政治标准放
在首位，树立和践行正确政绩观，完善干部考核评价机制，调整不胜任现职干部，推进领导干
部能上能下常态化。强化教育培训和实践锻炼，提高干部队伍现代化建设本领。严管厚爱结
合、激励约束并重，激发干部队伍内生动力和整体活力。统筹推进各领域基层党组织建设，增
强党组织政治功能和组织功能，发挥党员先锋模范作用。锲而不舍落实中央八项规定精神，狠
刹各种不正之风，推进作风建设常态化长效化。深入开展整治形式主义为基层减负工作。完善
党和国家监督体系，加强对权力配置、运行的规范和监督。保持反腐败永远在路上的清醒坚定
，一体推进不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐，坚决打好反腐败斗争攻坚战、持久战、总体战。营造风
清气正的政治生态。

（57）推进社会主义民主法治建设。坚定不移走中国特色社会主义政治发展道路，坚持党
的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一，发展全过程人民民主，完善中国特色社会主义法
治体系。坚持好、完善好、运行好人民代表大会制度，确保国家机关依法行使权力、履行职责，
确保人民群众民主权利、合法权益得到维护和实现。坚持和完善中国共产党领导的多党合作
和政治协商制度，发挥人民政协作为专门协商机构作用，加强各种协商渠道协同配合，推进协
商民主广泛多层制度化发展。健全基层民主制度，保障人民依法管理基层公共事务和公益事
业。健全吸纳民意、汇集民智工作机制。更好发挥工会、共青团、妇联等群团组织作用，加强
产业工人队伍建设、青少年发展、妇女儿童事业发展政策保障。促进人权事业全面发展。完善
大统战工作格局，巩固和发展最广泛的爱国统一战线。铸牢中华民族共同体意识，推进中华民
族共同体建设。坚持我国宗教中国化方向，加强宗教事务治理法治化。全面贯彻党的侨务政
策，更好凝聚侨心侨力。

坚持全面依法治国，协同推进科学立法、严格执法、公正司法、全民守法。加强宪法法律
实施和监督，完善维护国家法治统一制度机制。加强立法规划和立法审查，提高立法质量。强
化法治政府建设，全面落实行政规范性文件备案审查，完善实质性化解行政争议机制。推进政
法工作数字化平台建设，强化跨部门执法司法协同和监督。规范司法权力运行，完善司法公正
实现和评价机制，提高司法裁判公正性、稳定性、权威性。强化检察监督，加强公益诉讼。依法
保障人身权、财产权、人格权，健全规范涉企执法长效机制，防止和纠正违规异地执法、趋利
性执法。健全国家执行体制，有效解决“执行难”问题。加快涉外法治体系和能力建设，健全国
际商事调解、仲裁、诉讼等机制。加强领导干部依法办事监督检查，完善综合性法治评价工作
机制。推进法治社会建设，营造全社会崇尚法治、恪守规则、尊重契约、维护公正的良好环
境。

（58）促进香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定。坚定不移贯彻“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、
高度自治方针，落实“爱国者治港”、“爱国者治澳”原则，提升港澳依法治理效能，促进港澳经济
社会发展。支持港澳更好融入和服务国家发展大局，加强港澳与内地经贸、科技、人文等合作
，完善便利港澳居民在内地发展和生活政策措施。发挥港澳背靠祖国、联通世界独特优势和重
要作用，巩固提升香港国际金融、航运、贸易中心地位，支持香港建设国际创新科技中心，不
断彰显澳门“一中心、一平台、一基地”作用，推动澳门经济适度多元发展，支持港澳打造国际
高端人才集聚高地。
 （59）推动两岸关系和平发展、推进祖国统一大业。深入贯彻新时代党解决台湾问题的总
体方略，坚决打击“台独”分裂势力，反对外部势力干涉，维护台海和平稳定，牢牢把握两岸关
系主导权主动权。深化两岸交流合作，共同传承弘扬中华文化。高质量推进两岸融合发展示范
区建设，加强产业合作，推动两岸经济合作。落实台湾同胞享受同等待遇政策，为台胞在大陆
学习、工作、生活创造更好条件，增进两岸同胞福祉。

（60）推动构建人类命运共同体。倡导平等有序的世界多极化、普惠包容的经济全球化，拓
展全球伙伴关系网络，推动构建新型国际关系。深化周边发展融合，强化共同安全，巩固战略
互信，构建周边命运共同体。维护大国关系总体稳定，深化同发展中国家团结合作，落实全球
发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议、全球治理倡议，引领国际秩序朝着更加公正合理
的方向发展。支持全球南方联合自强，加大援外力度，提供更多国际公共产品。坚决反对霸权
霸道霸凌行径，捍卫国际公平正义，维护各国人民共同利益。弘扬全人类共同价值，推动建设
持久和平、普遍安全、共同繁荣、开放包容、清洁美丽的世界，为构建人类命运共同体作出中
国贡献。

（61）充分调动全社会投身中国式现代化建设的积极性主动性创造性。按照本次全会精神
，制定国家和地方“十五五”规划纲要及专项规划等，形成定位准确、边界清晰、功能互补、统一
衔接的国家规划体系。强化规划实施监测评估和监督，健全政策协调和工作协同机制，确保党
中央决策部署落到实处。贯彻尊重劳动、尊重知识、尊重人才、尊重创造的方针，激发全社会
干事创业、创新创造活力，形成人尽其才、才尽其用、万众一心、勠力进取的生动局面。

全党全军全国各族人民要更加紧密地团结在以习近平同志为核心的党中央周围，为基本
实现社会主义现代化而共同奋斗，不断开创以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟
业新局面。