ITBP PUBLIC SCHOOL, DWARKA 16 B

CLASS: 12TH
SUBJECT: PHYSICS
CHAPTER – 1 ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELD

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. A sphere encloses an electric dipole within it. The total flux across the sphere is
(a) Zero
(b) Half that due to a single charge
(c) Double that due to a single charge
(d) Depend on the position of dipole.
2. An electric dipole placed in a non-uniform electric field experiences :
(a) Both, a torque and a net force
(b) Only a force but no torque
(c) Only a torque but no net force
(d) No torque and no net force
3. The number of electrons for one coulomb of charge are:
(a) 6.25 × 1023
(b) 6.25 × 1021
(c) 6.25 × 1018
(d) 6.25 × 1019
4. A hollow insulated conduction sphere is given a positive charge of 10mC. What will be the
electric field (in SI units) at the centre of the sphere if its radius is 2 m?
(a) 8
(b) 5
(c) 20
(d) Zero
5. The constant k in Coulomb’s Law depends upon
(a) Nature of medium
(b) Intensity
(c) Both a and b
(d) None of these
6. Two point charges of 3 C and 4 C repel each other with a force of 10 N. If each is given an
additional charge of - 6 C, then the new force is
 (a) 2N
(b) 4N
(c) 5N
(d) 7.5 N
7. The force per unit charge is known as
(a) Electric Flux
(b)Electric Field
(c)Electric potential
(d)Electric current
8. If the distance between the charge and the observation point is reduced to half then electric field
becomes:
(a) Half
(b) Double
(c) Four times
(d) None of these
9. The electric field ( in SI units ) that can balance a charged particle (charge 4 C) of mass 3.2 kg
is
(a) 8
(b) 0.8
(c) 80
(d) None of these
10. The SI unit of Electric Flux is
(a) V/m
(b) Vm
(c) N/C
(d) None of these
11. A uniform electric field E = 2× 103 N/C is acting along the positive x axis. The flux of this field
(in SI units) through a square of 10 cm on a side whose plane is parallel to the yz plane is
(a) 10
(b) 30
(c) 20
(d) 40
12. An electric dipole is placed at an angle of 30 0 with an electric field of intensity 2× 105 N/C. It
experiences a torque equal to 4 Nm. The charge on the dipole if the dipole length is 2 cm is
(a) 8mC
(b) 4mC
(c) 6mC
 (d) 2mC
13. A point charge +20 µ C is at a distance 6 cm directly above the centre of a square of side 12 cm .
The electric flux through square will be :
(a) 2.5 × 106
(b) 3.8 × 105
(c) 4.2 × 105
(d) 2.9 × 106
14. There is a solid sphere of radius R having uniformly distributed charge through it. The relation
between Electric field E and distance R from the centre (r < R)
(a)E α r -2
(b) E α r -1
(c) E α r
(d) E α r2
15. Two infinite plane parallel sheets separated by a distance d have equal and opposite uniform
charge densities σ. Electric field at a point between the sheets is
(a) σ / 2 ε0
(b) σ / ε0
(c) Zero
(d) Depends on the location of point
16. Electric field at a point varies inversely to r for
(a) Infinitely long linear charge conductor.
(b) Axial line of a dipole.
(c) Infinite sheet of charge.
(d) Point charge.
17. Two charges of equal magnitude exert a force F on each other. If the charges are halved and the
distance is doubled , then the new force acting on each charge is
(a) F/8
(b) F/2
(c) F/4
(d) F/16
18. When 1014 electrons are removed from a neutral metal sphere, the charge on the sphere becomes
(a) 16 C
(b) 16 micro C
(c) 10 Micro c
(d) 1.6 C
19. A force of 2.25 N acts on a charge of 15 × 10-4C. The intensity of electric field (in Si units) at that
point is
 (a) 150
(b) 15
(c) 1500
(d) 1.5
20. Gauss Law will be invalid if :
(a) Coulomb’s force does not obey inverse square law
(b) Gaussian surface is not sphere
(c) Both of these
(d) None of these

VERY SHORT TYPE QUESTIONS

21. What is the cause of charging?
22. Why two electric field lines cannot intersect with each other?
23. Draw electric field lines due to a dipole.
24. A spherical rubber balloon carries a charge which is uniformly distributed over its
surface. If the balloon is inflated further so that its volume becomes eight times its
original volume, how would the electric flux change?
25. Explain how charged glass rod can attract uncharged piece of paper.
26. Define electric flux.
27. Can a charge exist without mass? Justify.
28. What do you mean by quantization of charge?
29. Why is it difficult to perform electrostatic experiments on a humid day?
30. If the distance between two equal point charges is doubled and their individual charges are also
doubled, what would happen to the force between them?
31. Do the electrostatic field lines form closed loops?
32. For a system of two point charges +5µC and – 3µC separated by a distance of d apart , draw
electric lines of forces
33. Define dipole moment of an electric dipole. Is it a scalar or a vector?
34. In which orientation a dipole placed in a uniform electric field is in a) Stable,
b) Unstable Equilibrium?

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

35. Derive an expression for electric field at a point on axis of dipole.

36. What are the dimensions and units of electric field?
37. Define dipole moment write down its significance and S.I unit
38. Force acting between two charges q1 and q 2 placed at a distance “r” is 5 Newton,
Calculate the new force if magnitude of each charges is made double and distance
between charges is reduced to half.
39. Draw electric field lines for a system of two charges q1 and q2 such that
(i) q1q2 > 0; q1 > q2 > 0 (ii) q1 q2 < 0; q1 > |–q2| < 0, |q1| > |–q2|
40. A charge of 5 µC is placed at centre of cube of side 10cm. calculate the flux through one
of its face
41. State two points of difference between charging by induction and charging by
 conduction.
42. An electric dipole is held in uniform electric field
a. Show that no net force acts on it.
b. Derive an expression for the torque acting on it
NUMERICALS PROBLEMS AND LONG ASNWER TYPE QUESTION

43. Derive an expression for electric field at a point due to uniformly charged infinite sheet.
44. State Gauss’s theorem. Using gauss theorems derive an expression for electric field due
to infinitely long uniformly charged wire.
45. Four point charges q1, q 2, q3 and q4 are placed at each corner of a square of a side 10cm.
Each charge is of 2µC. Calculate net force on q1 due to all other charges
46. Charge q is distributed uniformly on a spherical shell of radius R. Using gauss
law derive expression of electric field at a distance r from the centre when (i)r>R
(ii) r=R (iii) r<R
47. Derive expression for electric field at a point on the equatorial axial line of the
dipole. Give the direction of electric field at the point.
48. An infinite line charge produces a field of 9 x 104 N/C at a distance of 2cm. Calculate the
linear charge density.
49. Four point charges qA = 2 μC, qB = –5 μC, qC = 2 μC, and qD = –5 μC are located at the
corners of a square ABCD of side 10 cm. What is the force on a charge of 1 μC placed at
the centre of the square?
50. A point charge causes an electric flux of – 1.0 x 103 Nm2 /C to pass through a spherical
Gaussian surface of 10.0 cm radius with the charge at the centre. What is the value of
point charge?

For questions BELOW, two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and
the other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from
the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false and R is also false
1. Assertion (A): The electrostatics force increases with decrease the distance
between the charges.
Reason (R): The electrostatic force of attraction or repulsion between any two
stationary point charges is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between
them.

Answer: A

2. Assertion(A): The Coulomb force between two points charges depend upon the
dielectric constant of the intervening medium.
Reason(R): Coulomb’s force varies inversely with the dielectric constant of medium.

Answer: A

3. Assertion(A): The charge given to a metallic sphere does not depend on

whether it is hollow or solid
Reason(R): The charge resides only at the surface of conductor.
 Answer: A

4. Assertion (A): A comb run through one’s dry hair attracts small bits of paper.
Reason(R): Molecules in the paper gets polarized by the charged comb resulting in net
force of attraction

Answer: A

5. Assertion(A): A proton is placed in a uniform electric field, it tend to move

along the direction of electric field.
Reason(R): A proton is placed in a uniform electric field it experiences a force.

Answer: B

6. Assertion(A): Electric field at the surface of a charged conductor is always

normal to the surface at every point.
Reason(R): Electric field gives the magnitude & direction of electric force experienced by any
charge placed at any point.
7. Assertion(A): The potential inside a hollow spherical charged
conductor is zero. Reason(R): Inside the hollow spherical
conductor electric field is constant.

Answer: D

8. Assertion(A): Electric filed lines not form closed loops.

Reason(R): Electric filed lines are always normal to the surface of a conductor.

Answer: B

9. Assertion(A): No work is done in moving a test charge from one point to

another over an equipotential surface.
Reason(R): Electric field is always normal to the equipotential surface at every point
Answer: B

10. Assertion(A): No work is done in moving a point charge Q around a circular arc of
radius ′R′at the Centre of which another point charge ′Q′ is located.
Reason(R): No work is done in moving a test charge from one point to another over an
equipotential surface.

Answer: A

11. Assertion(A): A metal plate is introduced between the plates of a charged

parallel plate capacitor, its capacitance increased.
Reason(R): A metal plate is introduced between the plates of a charged parallel plate
capacitor, the effective separation between the plates is decreased.

Answer: A

12. Assertion(A): In the presence of external electric field the net electric field
within the conductor becomes zero.
Reason(R): In the presence of external electric field the free charge carriers move and
charge distribution in the conductor adjusts itself.
 Answer: A

13. Assertion (A): Sensitive instruments can protect from outside electrical
influence by enclosing them in a hollow conductor.
Reason(R): Potential inside the cavity is zero.

Answer: C

14.Assertion(A): Earthing provides a safety measure for

electrical circuits and appliances.
Reason(R): When we bring a charged body in contact with the earth, all
the excess charge on the body disappears by causing a momentary
current to pass to the ground through the connecting conductor.
CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS

When a glass rod is rubbed with silk, the rod acquires one kind of charge and the silk
acquires the second kind of charge. This is true for any pair of objects that are rubbed
to be electrified. Now if the electrified glass rod is brought in contact with silk, with
which it was rubbed, they no longer attract each other. They also do not attract or repel
other light objects as they did on being electrified.
Thus, the charges acquired after rubbing are lost
when the charged bodies are brought in contact. What can you conclude from these
observations? It just tells us that unlike charges acquired by the objects neutralise or
nullify each other’s effect. Therefore, the charges were named as positive and negative
by the American scientist Benjamin Franklin. We know that when we add a positive
number to a negative number of the same magnitude, the sum is zero. This might have
been the philosophy in naming the charges as positive and negative. By convention, the
charge on glass rod or cat’s fur is called positive and that on plastic rod or silk is
termed negative. If an object possesses an electric charge, it is said to be electrified or
charged. When it has no charge it is said to be electrically neutral.
(1) When you charge a balloon by rubbing it on your hair this is an
example of what method of charging?
(a)Friction
(b)Conduction
(c)Grounding
(d)Induction

(2) Neutral atoms contain equal numbers of positive

(a)Electrons and Protons
(b)Protons and Electrons
(c)Neutrons and Electrons
(d)Protons and Neutrons
(3) Which particle in an atom can you physically manipulate?
(a)protons
(b) electrons
(c ) neutrons
(d)you can't manipulate any particle in an atom

(4) If a negatively charged rod touches a conductor, the conductor will

be charged by what method?
(a) Friction
(b) Conduction
(c) Induction
(d) Convection