LAB MANUAL

Course Code: ICT-321

Course Title: Applications Information and Communication
Technology

Course Instructor: Imran Maqbool

Lab Instructor: Imran Maqbool

Department of Computer Sciences

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Superior College Mian Channu
S.No Name of Experiment

1 Document Formatting and Styling

2
Creating Tables and Lists

Working with Images and Shapes

3
Using Mail Merge for Letters or Labels
4
Creating a Table of Contents and References
5
Data Entry and Basic Formatting
6
Formulas and Functions
7
Data Visualization with Charts
8
Creating and Formatting Slides
9
Working with Images, Shapes, and Media
10
Adding Transitions, Animations, and Hyperlinks
11
File Management and Organization
12
Personalizing the Desktop and Taskbar
13
System Settings and Troubleshooting
14
15 Windows installation, BIOS Settings, Disk Partition

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 Hardware and Software Requirements

For implementing graphics concepts in C-Language:

• Software Requirement:
• Microsoft Office
• Windows Operating System
• Minimum hardware requirements:

• Intel Pentium III800 MHz Processor or higher version

• Intel chipset 810 mother board or higher version
• 14’’ color monitor or greater than that
• Mouse
• Keyboard
• 2GB HDD or greater
• 256 MB RAM or greater

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Practical No. 1
Document Formatting and Styling

• Create a two-page document with a title, headings, subheadings, and body text.
Step 1: Open Microsoft Word
1. Open the Microsoft Word application on your computer.
2. Select "Blank Document" to start a new file.
Step 2: Add a Title
1. Click at the top of the page.
2. Type the title of your document (e.g., "Understanding Computer Graphics and
Information Security").
3. Highlight the title and set its style to "Title" or apply formatting (e.g., bold, center
alignment, and a larger font size).
Step 3: Insert Headings
1. Below the title, press Enter and type your first heading (e.g., "Introduction to
Computer Graphics").
2. Highlight the text and select the "Heading 1" style from the "Styles" group in the
Home tab.
3. Repeat for additional headings, such as "Introduction to Information Security."
Step 4: Add Subheadings
1. Under each heading, type a subheading (e.g., "Key Concepts in Computer Graphics").
2. Highlight the text and select the "Heading 2" or "Heading 3" style, depending on your
preference for subheading hierarchy.
Step 5: Add Body Text
1. Under each heading or subheading, type or paste your content.
2. Use paragraphs or bullet points for better readability.
3. Use the default "Normal" style for the body text or customize it (e.g., font size 12,
Times New Roman, single spacing).
Step 6: Format the Document
1. Adjust margins if needed by going to Layout > Margins.
2. Ensure consistent spacing between sections by using the "Line and Paragraph
Spacing" option in the Home tab.
3. Use Page Breaks to ensure that content spreads evenly across two pages:
- Place the cursor where you want to end a page.
- Go to Insert > Page Break.
Step 7: Review and Save
1. Proofread your document for errors.
2. Save the file:
- Go to File > Save As.
- Choose a location, name your file, and save it as a `.docx` file.
• Apply different font styles, sizes, and colors.
Applying different font styles, sizes, and colors in Microsoft Word is straightforward.
Follow these steps:

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Step 1: Open Microsoft Word
1. Open your Word document or create a new one.
Step 2: Select the Text
1. Highlight the text you want to format by clicking and dragging your cursor over
it.
2. If you want to apply the formatting to all text, press Ctrl + A (Windows) or
Command + A (Mac) to select everything.
Step 3: Change Font Style
1. Go to the Home tab on the ribbon at the top of the screen.
2. In the Font group, click the drop-down arrow next to the font name (e.g.,
Calibri).
3. Scroll through the list and select a new font (e.g., Times New Roman, Arial, or
Verdana).
Step 4: Change Font Size
1. In the Font group, find the box with a number (e.g., 11).
2. Click the drop-down arrow and select a font size (e.g., 12, 16, or 24).
3. Alternatively, type a custom number into the box and press Enter.
Step 5: Change Font Color
1. In the Font group, click the Font Color icon (an "A" with a color bar beneath it).
2. Select a color from the dropdown menu or click More Colors for additional
options.
3. The selected text will change to the chosen color.
Step 6: Apply Font Styles (Bold, Italic, Underline, etc.)
1. Use the following buttons in the Font group:
- Bold: Click the B icon or press Ctrl + B (Windows) or Command + B (Mac).
- Italic: Click the I icon or press Ctrl + I (Windows) or Command + I (Mac).
- Underline: Click the U icon or press Ctrl + U (Windows) or Command + U
(Mac).
- Strikethrough: Click the abc icon to add a line through the text.
- Subscript or Superscript: Use the respective icons for mathematical or
scientific text.
Step 7: Apply Text Effects
1. In the Font group, click Text Effects and Typography (an "A" with a glow).
2. Choose effects like shadows, outlines, glows, or reflections.
Step 8: Preview and Save
1. Review your changes to ensure they look as desired.
2. Save your work by pressing Ctrl + S (Windows) or Command + S (Mac).
• Use paragraph alignment (left, center, right, justify) and line spacing.
Step 1: Open Microsoft Word
a) Open your Word document or create a new one.
Step 2: Select the Paragraph
1. Highlight the paragraph(s) you want to align or adjust for line spacing.
2. If you want to apply changes to the entire document, press Ctrl + A (Windows)
or Command + A (Mac) to select all text.

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Step 3: Apply Paragraph Alignment
1. Go to the Home tab on the ribbon at the top.
2. In the Paragraph group, locate the alignment icons:
- Left Align: Click the Align Left icon (lines aligned to the left) or press Ctrl + L
(Windows) or Command + L (Mac).
- Center Align: Click the Center icon (lines centered) or press Ctrl + E (Windows)
or Command + E (Mac).
- Right Align: Click the Align Right icon (lines aligned to the right) or press Ctrl +
R (Windows) or Command + R (Mac).
- Justify: Click the Justify icon (lines aligned evenly to both margins) or press
Ctrl + J (Windows) or Command + J (Mac).
Step 4: Adjust Line Spacing
1. While still in the Home tab, find the Paragraph group.
2. Click the Line and Paragraph Spacing icon (a stack of lines with up and down arrows).
3. Select a spacing option from the dropdown menu:
- 1.0: Single spacing.
- 1.15: Slightly larger than single spacing (default in newer versions of Word).
- 1.5: One-and-a-half spacing.
- 2.0: Double spacing.
4. For more control, select Line Spacing Options at the bottom of the menu:
- Adjust specific spacing under the Spacing section.
- Use the Before and After fields to add space between paragraphs.
Step 5: Review and Save
1. Review your changes to ensure the alignment and spacing look as desired.
2. Save your work by pressing Ctrl + S (Windows) or Command + S (Mac).
• Add a header and footer with page numbers.
Step 1: Open the Document
1. Open your Word document.
Step 2: Add a Header
1. Go to the Insert tab on the ribbon.
2. Click Header in the Header & Footer group.
3. Choose a header style from the dropdown menu or select Edit Header to create a
custom header.
4. Type the content for your header (e.g., document title, author name, or logo).
Step 3: Add a Footer
1. Go to the Insert tab again.
2. Click Footer in the Header & Footer group.
3. Choose a footer style from the dropdown menu or select Edit Footer to create a
custom footer.
4. Type the content for your footer (e.g., copyright, company name, or additional
details).
Step 4: Insert Page Numbers
1. Go to the Insert tab.
2. Click Page Number in the Header & Footer group.

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 3. Choose the placement for the page numbers:
- Top of Page: Places the page number in the header.
- Bottom of Page: Places the page number in the footer.
- Page Margins: Places the page number on the sides of the page.
- Current Position: Places the page number where your cursor is located.
4. Select a page number style from the menu.
Step 5: Customize Header, Footer, or Page Numbers
1. To customize, double-click the header or footer area to activate it.
2. Use the Header & Footer Tools that appear in the ribbon to:
- Adjust font, size, or color.
- Add different headers or footers for odd/even pages or the first page.
- Align the text or page numbers (left, center, right).
Step 6: Close Header and Footer
1. Once done, click Close Header and Footer in the ribbon or double-click anywhere
outside the header/footer area.

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Practical No. 2
Creating Tables and Lists
• Create a table with at least three columns and five rows (e.g., a schedule or product list).
• Format the table by adjusting row heights, column widths, and cell colors.
• Add bullet points and numbered lists in the document for items or steps.
• Merge and split cells as needed within the table.

1. Create a table with at least three columns and five rows (e.g., a schedule or product
list).

Step 1: Open Microsoft Word

Open Microsoft Word on your computer.

Step 2: Click on the "Insert" Tab

Click on the "Insert" tab in the ribbon.

Step 3: Click on "Table"

Click on the "Table" button in the "Tables" group.

Step 4: Select the Number of Rows and Columns

Select 5 rows and 3 columns from the grid.
Step 5: Create the Table
Click "OK" to create the table.
Step 6: Enter Data into the Table
Enter the following data into the table:

product price Quantity

Apple $1.00 5
Banana $0.50 10
Oranges $1.50 3
Grapes $2.00 2

Step 7: Adjust the Table Properties (Optional)

Adjust the table properties as needed, such as changing the font, alignment, or border
style.

Step 8: Save the Document

Save the document with a suitable file name.
2. Format the table by adjusting row heights, column widths, and cell colors.

Step 1. Adjusting Row Heights

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 1. Select the table: Click on the table to select it.
2. Select the row: Click on the row you want to adjust the height for.
3. Go to the "Layout" tab: Click on the "Layout" tab in the ribbon.
4. Click on "Row Height": Click on the "Row Height" button in the "Cell Size" group.
5. Enter the row height: Enter the desired row height in the "Row Height" dialog box.
6. Click "OK": Click "OK" to apply the changes.

Step 2. Adjusting Column Widths

1. Select the table: Click on the table to select it.

2. Select the column: Click on the column you want to adjust the width for.
3. Go to the "Layout" tab: Click on the "Layout" tab in the ribbon.
4. Click on "Column Width": Click on the "Column Width" button in the "Cell Size" group.
5. Enter the column width: Enter the desired column width in the "Column Width"
dialog box.
6. Click "OK": Click "OK" to apply the changes.

Step 3. Changing Cell Colors

1. Select the cell: Click on the cell you want to change the color for.
2. Go to the "Home" tab: Click on the "Home" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on "Fill Color": Click on the "Fill Color" button in the "Font" group.
4. Select a color: Select a color from the color palette.
5. Click "OK": Click "OK" to apply the changes.

Step 4. Additional Formatting Options

1. Border style: Go to the "Design" tab and click on the "Border" button to change
the border style.
2. Font style: Go to the "Home" tab and click on the "Font" button to change the
font style.
3. Alignment: Go to the "Home" tab and click on the "Alignment" button to change
the text alignment.
3- Add bullet points and numbered lists in the document for items or steps.

Step 1. Adding Bullet Points

1. Select the text: Select the text where you want to add bullet points.
2. Go to the "Home" tab: Click on the "Home" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on the "Bullet Points" button: Click on the "Bullet Points" button in the
"Paragraph" group.
4. Select a bullet point style: Select a bullet point style from the dropdown menu.
5. Type your list: Type your list, and Word will automatically add bullet points.

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Step 2. Adding Numbered Lists

1. Select the text: Select the text where you want to add a numbered list.
2. Go to the "Home" tab: Click on the "Home" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on the "Numbering" button: Click on the "Numbering" button in the "Paragraph"
group.
4. Select a numbering style: Select a numbering style from the dropdown menu.
5. Type your list: Type your list, and Word will automatically add numbers.

Step 3. Customizing Bullet Points and Numbered Lists

1. Right-click on the bullet point or number: Right-click on the bullet point or number to
access the context menu.
2. Select "Adjust List Indents": Select "Adjust List Indents" to adjust the indentation and
spacing of the list.
3. Use the "Define New Bullet" or "Define New Number Format" dialog box: Use the
"Define New Bullet" or "Define New Number Format" dialog box to customize the
appearance of the bullet points or numbers.

4) Merge and split cells as needed within the table.

Step 1. Merging Cells

1. Select the cells: Select the cells you want to merge by clicking and dragging your
mouse over them.
2. Go to the "Layout" tab: Click on the "Layout" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on "Merge Cells": Click on the "Merge Cells" button in the "Merge" group.
4. Select the merge option: Select one of the following merge options:
- Merge to a single cell with no border.
- Merge to a single cell with a border.
5. Click "OK": Click "OK" to merge the cells.

Step 2. Splitting Cells

1. Select the cell: Select the cell you want to split by clicking on it.
2. Go to the "Layout" tab: Click on the "Layout" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on "Split Cells": Click on the "Split Cells" button in the "Merge" group.
4. Select the split option: Select one of the following split options:
- Split the cell into two or more cells horizontally.
- Split the cell into two or more cells vertically.
5. Enter the number of cells: Enter the number of cells you want to split the cell into.
6. Click "OK": Click "OK" to split the cell.

Step 3. Tips and Variations

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1. To merge cells quickly, you can also right-click on the selected cells and choose "Merge
Cells" from the context menu.
2. To split cells quickly, you can also right-click on the selected cell and choose "Split Cells"
from the context menu.
3. You can also use the "Merge" and "Split" buttons in the "Table Tools" tab to merge and
split cells.

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Practical No. 3
Working with Images and Shapes
• Insert an image into the document and use text-wrapping options (e.g., square, tight,
behind text).
• Resize, crop, and position the image.
• Add shapes like arrows, boxes, and lines, and use the drawing tools to change color and
style.
• Create a simple infographic by combining images, text, and shapes.

1. Insert an image into the document and use text-wrapping options (e.g., square, tight,
behind text).

Step 1. Inserting an Image

1. Go to the "Insert" tab: Click on the "Insert" tab in the ribbon.

2. Click on "Pictures": Click on the "Pictures" button in the "Illustrations" group.
3. Select the image file: Select the image file you want to insert from your computer.
4. Click "Insert": Click "Insert" to insert the image into the document.

Step 2. Using Text-Wrapping Options

1. Select the image: Click on the image to select it.

2. Go to the "Format" tab: Click on the "Format" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on "Wrap Text": Click on the "Wrap Text" button in the "Arrange" group.
4. Select a text-wrapping option: Select one of the following text-wrapping options:
- Square: Wraps the text around the image in a square shape.
- Tight: Wraps the text around the image in a tight shape.
- Behind Text: Places the image behind the text.
- In Front of Text: Places the image in front of the text.
5. Adjust the wrapping options: Adjust the wrapping options as needed by clicking on
the "Wrap Text" button and selecting "More Layout Options."

Step 3. Additional Tips

- To resize the image, select it and drag the handles to the desired size.
- To rotate the image, select it and click on the "Rotate" button in the "Format" tab.
- To add a caption to the image, select it and click on the "Caption" button in the
"References" tab.

2. Resize, crop, and position the image.

Step 1. Resizing an Image

1. Select the image: Click on the image to select it.

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 2. Go to the "Format" tab: Click on the "Format" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on "Size": Click on the "Size" button in the "Picture Tools" group.
4. Enter the new size: Enter the new size for the image in the "Width" and "Height"
fields.
5. Click "OK": Click "OK" to apply the changes.

Step 2. Cropping an Image

1. Select the image: Click on the image to select it.

2. Go to the "Format" tab: Click on the "Format" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on "Crop": Click on the "Crop" button in the "Picture Tools" group.
4. Drag the crop handles: Drag the crop handles to select the part of the image you want
to keep.
5. Click "Crop": Click "Crop" to apply the changes.

Step 3. Positioning an Image

1. Select the image: Click on the image to select it.

2. Go to the "Format" tab: Click on the "Format" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on "Position": Click on the "Position" button in the "Picture Tools" group.
4. Select a position: Select a position for the image from the dropdown menu, such as
"Top Left" or "Center".
5. Click "OK": Click "OK" to apply the changes.

Step 4. Additionally, you can also use the following options to position an image:

1. Wrap Text: Wraps the text around the image.

2. Behind Text: Places the image behind the text.
3. In Front of Text: Places the image in front of the text.
4. Align: Aligns the image to the left, center, or right of the page.

4. Add shapes like arrows, boxes, and lines, and use the drawing tools to change color
and style.

Step 1. Adding Shapes

1. Go to the "Insert" tab: Click on the "Insert" tab in the ribbon.

2. Click on "Shapes": Click on the "Shapes" button in the "Illustrations" group.
3. Select a shape: Select a shape from the dropdown menu, such as an arrow, box, or
line.
4. Click and drag to draw the shape: Click and drag the mouse to draw the shape on the
page.

Step 2. Changing Color and Style

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 1. Select the shape: Click on the shape to select it.
2. Go to the "Format" tab: Click on the "Format" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on "Shape Fill": Click on the "Shape Fill" button in the "Shape Styles" group.
4. Select a color: Select a color from the dropdown menu.
5. Click on "Shape Outline": Click on the "Shape Outline" button in the "Shape Styles"
group.
6. Select a line style: Select a line style from the dropdown menu.
7. Click on "Shape Effects": Click on the "Shape Effects" button in the "Shape Styles"
group.
8. Select a shape effect: Select a shape effect from the dropdown menu.
4. Create a simple infographic by combining images, text, and shapes.

Step 1: Plan Your Infographic

1. Decide on the theme and content of your infographic.

2. Sketch out a rough design and layout.
3. Gather images, text, and shapes that you'll need.

Step 2: Create a New Document

- Open Microsoft Word and create a new document.

- Set the page layout to "Landscape" or "Portrait" depending on your design.
- Set the page size to a suitable size for your infographic.

Step 3: Add a Background Image or Color

- Go to the "Design" tab and click on "Page Color".

- Select a background color or image that complements your theme.
- Adjust the transparency and texture of the background as needed.

Step 4: Add Images

- Go to the "Insert" tab and click on "Pictures".

- Select the images you want to add to your infographic.
- Resize and position the images as needed.

Step 5: Add Text

- Go to the "Insert" tab and click on "Text Box".

- Type in your text and adjust the font, size, and color as needed.
- Position the text box as needed.

Step 6: Add Shapes

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 - Go to the "Insert" tab and click on "Shapes".
- Select the shapes you want to add to your infographic, such as arrows, boxes, or
circles.
- Resize and position the shapes as needed.

Step 7: Arrange and Align Elements

- Use the alignment tools to align your images, text, and shapes.
- Use the arrangement tools to move elements forward or backward.

Step 8: Add Final Touches

- Review your infographic for spelling and grammar errors.

- Make any final adjustments to the layout and design.
- Save your infographic as a PDF or image file.

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 Practical No. 4
Using Mail Merge for Letters or Labels
• Set up a basic letter format or label template.
• Use Mail Merge to import data (such as names and addresses) from an Excel file or
Word list.
• Insert merge fields into the document.
• Preview the merged document and complete the mail merge.

1. Set up a basic letter format or label template.

Step 1. Setting Up a Basic Letter Format

1. Open Microsoft Word: Open Microsoft Word and create a new document.
2. Set the Page Layout: Set the page layout to "Portrait" and the page size to "A4" or
"Letter".
3. Set the Margins: Set the margins to 1 inch (2.5 cm) on all sides.
4. Add a Header and Footer: Add a header and footer to include your name, address,
and date.
5. Add a Greeting and Closing: Add a greeting (e.g. "Dear [Name]") and closing (e.g.
"Sincerely, [Your Name]").
6. Add a Date and Address: Add a date and address below the header.
7. Add a Body: Add a body to the letter, leaving space for the content.

Step 2. Setting Up a Label Template

1. Open Microsoft Word: Open Microsoft Word and create a new document.
2. Set the Page Layout: Set the page layout to "Portrait" and the page size to the size of
your labels.
3. Set the Margins: Set the margins to 0.5 inch (1.3 cm) on all sides.
4. Create a Table: Create a table with the same number of rows and columns as your
labels.
5. Merge Cells: Merge the cells in each row to create a single cell for each label.
6. Add Label Content: Add the label content, such as name, address, and title.
7. Adjust Font and Size: Adjust the font and size of the label content as needed.

Step 3. Saving the Template

1. Save the Document: Save the document as a template (.dotx) file.

2. Choose a Location: Choose a location to save the template, such as the "Templates"
folder.
3. Name the Template: Name the template, such as "Basic Letter Format" or "Label
Template".

2. Use Mail Merge to import data (such as names and addresses) from an Excel file or
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 Word list.

Step 1. Using Mail Merge with an Excel File

1. Prepare your Excel file: Make sure your Excel file is organized with the data you want
to merge, such as names and addresses.
2. Open Microsoft Word: Open Microsoft Word and create a new document.
3. Go to the "Mailings" tab: Click on the "Mailings" tab in the ribbon.
4. Click on "Start Mail Merge": Click on "Start Mail Merge" and select "Step-by-Step Mail
Merge Wizard".
5. Select "Use an existing list": Select "Use an existing list" and click "Next".
6. Browse for your Excel file: Browse for your Excel file and select it.
7. Select the worksheet and data range: Select the worksheet and data range you want
to merge.
8. Click "OK": Click "OK" to import the data.
9. Insert merge fields: Insert merge fields into your document, such as «Name» and
«Address».
10. Preview the merge: Preview the merge to ensure the data is being inserted
correctly.
11. Complete the merge: Complete the merge to create a separate document for each
record.

Step 2. Using Mail Merge with a Word List

1. Create a new Word document: Create a new Word document and type in the list of
names and addresses.
2. Save the document: Save the document as a Word file (.docx).
3. Open a new Word document: Open a new Word document and go to the "Mailings"
tab.
4. Click on "Start Mail Merge": Click on "Start Mail Merge" and select "Step-by-Step Mail
Merge Wizard".
5. Select "Use an existing list": Select "Use an existing list" and click "Next".
6. Browse for your Word list: Browse for your Word list and select it.
7. Select the data range: Select the data range you want to merge.
8. Click "OK": Click "OK" to import the data.
9. Insert merge fields: Insert merge fields into your document, such as «Name» and
«Address».
10. Preview the merge: Preview the merge to ensure the data is being inserted
correctly.
11. Complete the merge: Complete the merge to create a separate document for each
record.

3. Insert merge fields into the document.

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Step 1: Open the Document
Open the document where you want to insert the merge fields.

Step 2: Go to the "Mailings" Tab

Click on the "Mailings" tab in the ribbon.

Step 3: Click on "Insert Merge Field"

Click on the "Insert Merge Field" button in the "Write & Insert Fields" group.

Step 4: Select the Merge Field

Select the merge field you want to insert from the dropdown menu. For example, "First
Name", "Last Name", "Address", etc.

Step 5: Insert the Merge Field

Click "Insert" to insert the merge field into the document.

Step 6: Repeat the Process

Repeat steps 3-5 to insert additional merge fields into the document.

Step 7: Preview the Merge

Click on the "Preview Results" button to preview the merge and ensure the data is being
inserted correctly.

Step 8: Complete the Merge

Click on the "Finish & Merge" button to complete the merge and create a separate
document for each record.

4. Preview the merged document and complete the mail merge.

Step 1: Preview the Merged Document

Click on the "Preview Results" button in the "Mailings" tab.

Step 2: Review the Merged Document

Review the merged document to ensure that the data is being inserted correctly and
that there are no errors.

Step 3: Check for Errors

Check for errors such as:
+ Missing data
+ Incorrect data
+ Formatting issues

Step 4: Make Corrections

Make any necessary corrections to the data or the document.

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Step 5: Complete the Mail Merge
Click on the "Finish & Merge" button in the "Mailings" tab.

Step 6: Select the Merge Option

Select one of the following merge options:
+ "Edit Individual Documents"
+ "Print Documents"
+ "Save As"

Step 7: Save the Merged Documents

If you select "Save As", choose a location to save the merged documents and select a file
format (e.g. Word document, PDF).

Step 8: Print the Merged Documents

If you select "Print Documents", select a printer and print the merged documents.

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Practical No. 5
Creating a Table of Contents and References
• Write a document with multiple sections and headings.
• Use "Heading" styles to format section headings consistently.
• Insert a Table of Contents (TOC) at the beginning of the document.
• Insert references, footnotes, and a bibliography using Word’s built-in citation tools.

1. Write a document with multiple sections and headings.

Step 1: Open Microsoft Word

Open Microsoft Word on your computer.

Step 2: Create a New Document

Click on the "File" tab and select "New" to create a new document.

Step 3: Add a Main Heading

Click on the "Home" tab and select the "Heading 1" style.
Type in the main heading title, e.g. "ICT Practical Document".

Step 4: Add Section Headings

Click on the "Home" tab and select the "Heading 2" style.
Type in the section heading title, e.g. "Section 1: Introduction".

Step 5: Add Subheadings

Click on the "Home" tab and select the "Heading 3" style.
Type in the subheading title, e.g. "What is ICT?".

Step 6: Add Content

Type in the content for each section, using the "Body Text" style.
Use paragraphs, bullet points, and other formatting options as needed.

Step 7: Format the Document

Use the "Format" tab to adjust font sizes, colors, and styles.
Use the "Layout" tab to adjust margins, spacing, and alignment.

Step 8: Review and Edit

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 Review the document for content, grammar, and spelling errors.
Edit the document as needed to ensure clarity and accuracy.

Step 9: Save and Share

Save the document to a file location.

Share the document with others as needed, either by printing or sending electronically.

Here is an example of what the document might look like:

ICT Practical Document

Section 1: Introduction

What is ICT?

ICT stands for Information and Communication Technology.

Importance of ICT

ICT is important in today's world because it helps us to communicate and access

information easily.

Section 2: ICT Tools

Microsoft Word

Microsoft Word is a word processing software that allows us to create and edit documents.

Microsoft Excel

Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet software that allows us to create and edit spreadsheets.
2. Use "Heading" styles to format section headings consistently.

Step 1: Open Microsoft Word

Open Microsoft Word on your computer.

Step 2: Select the Text

Select the text that you want to format as a heading.

Step 3: Go to the "Home" Tab

Click on the "Home" tab in the ribbon.

Step 4: Select the Heading Style

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 In the "Styles" group, click on the dropdown arrow next to "Styles".
Select the heading style that you want to apply, such as "Heading 1", "Heading 2", or
"Heading 3".

Step 5: Apply the Heading Style

Click on the heading style to apply it to the selected text.

Step 6: Repeat for Other Headings

Repeat steps 2-5 for other headings in your document.

Step 7: Check Consistency

Review your document to ensure that all headings are formatted consistently.

3. Insert a Table of Contents (TOC) at the beginning of the document.

Step 1: Prepare the Document

Make sure the document is organized with headings and subheadings.

Step 2: Go to the "References" Tab

Click on the "References" tab in the ribbon.

Step 3: Click on "Table of Contents"

In the "Table of Contents" group, click on the "Table of Contents" button.

Step 4: Select the TOC Style

Select the TOC style that you want to use from the dropdown menu.

Step 5: Choose the Headings to Include

Choose the headings that you want to include in the TOC.

Step 6: Click "OK"

Click "OK" to insert the TOC into the document.

Step 7: Review and Update the TOC

Review the TOC to ensure that it is accurate and up-to-date.

Step 8: Update the TOC

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 If necessary, update the TOC by clicking on the "Update Table" button.

Step 9: Save the Document

Save the document to ensure that the TOC is preserved.

4. Insert references, footnotes, and a bibliography using Word’s built-in citation tools.
Inserting References

Step 1. Go to the "References" tab: Click on the "References" tab in the ribbon.
Step 2. Click on "Insert Citation": In the "Citations & Bibliography" group, click on the "Insert
Citation" button.
Step 3. Select the citation style: Select the citation style you want to use (e.g. APA, MLA,
Chicago).
Step 4. Enter the citation details: Enter the details of the source you want to cite (e.g.
author, title, publication date).
Step 5. Insert the citation: Click "OK" to insert the citation into the document.

Inserting Footnotes

Step 1. Go to the "References" tab: Click on the "References" tab in the ribbon.
Step 2. Click on "Insert Footnote": In the "Footnotes" group, click on the "Insert Footnote"
button.
Step 3. Enter the footnote text: Enter the text you want to include in the footnote.
Step 4. Insert the footnote: Click "OK" to insert the footnote into the document.

Creating a Bibliography

Step 1. Go to the "References" tab: Click on the "References" tab in the ribbon.
Step 2. Click on "Bibliography": In the "Citations & Bibliography" group, click on the
"Bibliography" button.
Step 3. Select the bibliography style: Select the bibliography style you want to use (e.g. APA,
MLA, Chicago).
Step 4. Insert the bibliography: Click "OK" to insert the bibliography into the document.

Managing Sources

1. Go to the "References" tab: Click on the "References" tab in the ribbon.

2. Click on "Manage Sources": In the "Citations & Bibliography" group, click on the "Manage
Sources" button.
3. Add or edit sources: Add or edit sources in the "Source Manager" dialog box.
4. Close the dialog box: Click "Close" to close the dialog box.

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Practical No. 6
Data Entry and Basic Formatting
• Create a spreadsheet with columns for "Name," "Department," "Hours Worked," and
"Hourly Rate."
• Enter sample data for at least ten entries.
• Format the cells: adjust font size, cell colors, and borders to make the table visually
organized.
• Use cell alignment options (left, center, right) and format the "Hourly Rate" as currency.

1. Create a spreadsheet with columns for "Name," "Department," "Hours Worked,"

and "Hourly Rate."

Step 1: Open Microsoft Excel

Open Microsoft Excel on your computer.

Step 2: Create a New Spreadsheet

Click on the "File" tab and select "New" to create a new spreadsheet.

Step 3: Create Column Headings

In the first row of the spreadsheet, create column headings by typing the following:
Column A Column B Column C Column D
Name Department Hours worked Hourly rate

Step 4: Format the Columns

Step 5: Enter Sample Data

Enter some sample data into the spreadsheet to test the columns:

Name Department Hours worked Hourly rate

John smith Sales 40.0 25.00
Jane doe Marketing 30.0 30.00
Bob johnson IT 50.0 40.00

Step 6: Save the Spreadsheet

Save the spreadsheet by clicking on the "File" tab and selecting "Save As". Choose a
location and file name for the spreadsheet.

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 2. Enter sample data for at least 6 entries.

Step 1: Open the Spreadsheet

Open the spreadsheet you created earlier.

Step 2: Enter Sample Data

Enter the following sample data into the spreadsheet:
Name Department Hours worked Hourly rate
Aryan Sales 40.0 32.00
Noman Marketing 30.0 35.00
Azan IT 40.0 23.00
Ayan HR 35.0 39.00
Faiz Sales 25.0 40.00
Sami IT 35.0 28.00

Step 3: Review the Data

Review the data to ensure it is accurate and complete.

Step 4: Save the Spreadsheet

Save the spreadsheet by clicking on the "File" tab and selecting "Save".
3. Format the cells: adjust font size, cell colors, and borders to make the table
visually organized.

Adjusting Font Size

1. Select the cells that you want to format.

2. Go to the "Home" tab in the ribbon.
3. In the "Font" group, click on the font size dropdown menu.
4. Select a font size (e.g. 12 or 14).

Changing Cell Colors

1. Select the cells that you want to format.

2. Go to the "Home" tab in the ribbon.
3. In the "Font" group, click on the fill color dropdown menu.
4. Select a fill color (e.g. light blue or yellow).

Adding Borders

1. Select the cells that you want to format.

2. Go to the "Home" tab in the ribbon.
3. In the "Font" group, click on the border dropdown menu.
4. Select a border style (e.g. solid or dashed).

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Formatting the Header Row

1. Select the header row (Row 1).

2. Go to the "Home" tab in the ribbon.
3. In the "Font" group, click on the bold button.
4. In the "Font" group, click on the font size dropdown menu and select a larger font size
(e.g. 16).

Formatting the Table

1. Select the entire table.

2. Go to the "Home" tab in the ribbon.
3. In the "Styles" group, click on the "Format as Table" button.
4. Select a table style (e.g. "Table Style Light 9").

4. Use cell alignment options (left, center, right) and format the "Hourly Rate" as
currency

Cell Alignment Options

1. Select the cells that you want to align (e.g. the "Name" column).
2. Go to the "Home" tab in the ribbon.
3. In the "Alignment" group, click on the alignment button (left, center, or right).
4. Select the desired alignment option (e.g. left align).

Formatting the "Hourly Rate" as Currency

1. Select the cells in the "Hourly Rate" column.

2. Go to the "Home" tab in the ribbon.
3. In the "Number" group, click on the number format dropdown menu.
4. Select "Currency" from the dropdown menu.
5. Choose the desired currency symbol (e.g. $ or £).
6. Click "OK" to apply the currency format.

Applying Alignment and Currency Format to the Entire Table

1. Select the entire table.

2. Go to the "Home" tab in the ribbon.
3. In the "Styles" group, click on the "Format as Table" button.
4. Select a table style that includes alignment and currency formatting options.
5. Click "OK" to apply the table style.

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Practical No. 7
Formulas and Functions
• Using the spreadsheet created above, calculate the "Total Pay" for each entry by
multiplying "Hours Worked" by "Hourly Rate" using a formula.
• Use basic functions like SUM, AVERAGE, MAX, and MIN to summarize data, such as
finding the total and average "Total Pay."
• Experiment with absolute and relative cell references in formulas to understand how
Excel references cells.

1. Using the spreadsheet created above, calculate the "Total Pay" for each entry by
multiplying "Hours Worked" by "Hourly Rate" using a formula.

Step 1: Create a New Column for "Total Pay"

1. Select the column header next to the "Hourly Rate" column.

2. Right-click on the column header and select "Insert" to insert a new column.
3. Type "Total Pay" in the column header.

Step 2: Enter the Formula for "Total Pay"

1. Select the cell in the "Total Pay" column for the first entry (e.g. cell E2).
2. Type the formula =C2*D2 to multiply the "Hours Worked" by the "Hourly Rate".
3. Press Enter to apply the formula.

Step 3: Copy the Formula to Other Cells

1. Select the cell with the formula (e.g. cell E2).

2. Right-click on the cell and select "Copy" to copy the formula.
3. Select the cells in the "Total Pay" column for the remaining entries.
4. Right-click on the selected cells and select "Paste" to paste the formula.

Step 4: Review the Results

1. Review the "Total Pay" column to ensure that the calculations are correct.
2. Check for any errors or inconsistencies.

2. Use basic functions like SUM, AVERAGE, MAX, and MIN to summarize data, such as
finding the total and average "Total Pay."

Step 1: Calculate the Total "Total Pay" using the SUM function

1. Select the cell: Choose the cell where you want to display the total "Total Pay". For
example, cell E15.

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 2. Type the formula: Enter the formula =SUM(E2:E14) to calculate the total "Total Pay".
This formula adds up all the values in the range E2:E14.
3. Press Enter: Press the Enter key to apply the formula.

Step 2: Calculate the Average "Total Pay" using the AVERAGE function

1. Select the cell: Choose the cell where you want to display the average "Total Pay". For
example, cell E16.
2. Type the formula: Enter the formula =AVERAGE(E2:E14) to calculate the average
"Total Pay". This formula calculates the average of all the values in the range E2:E14.
3. Press Enter: Press the Enter key to apply the formula.

Step 3: Find the Maximum "Total Pay" using the MAX function

1. Select the cell: Choose the cell where you want to display the maximum "Total Pay".
For example, cell E17.
2. Type the formula: Enter the formula =MAX(E2:E14) to find the maximum "Total Pay".
This formula returns the largest value in the range E2:E14.
3. Press Enter: Press the Enter key to apply the formula.

Step 4: Find the Minimum "Total Pay" using the MIN function

1. Select the cell: Choose the cell where you want to display the minimum "Total Pay".
For example, cell E18.
2. Type the formula: Enter the formula =MIN(E2:E14) to find the minimum "Total Pay".
This formula returns the smallest value in the range E2:E14.
3. Press Enter: Press the Enter key to apply the formula.

3. Experiment with absolute and relative cell references in formulas to understand

how Excel references cells.

Relative Cell References

1. Select a cell: Choose a cell where you want to enter a formula (e.g. cell A1).
2. Enter a formula: Enter a formula that references a cell (e.g. =B1).
3. Copy the formula: Copy the formula by selecting the cell and pressing Ctrl+C.
4. Paste the formula: Paste the formula into another cell (e.g. cell A2) by pressing Ctrl+V.
5. Observe the result: Observe that the formula in cell A2 references cell B2, not cell B1.

Absolute Cell References

1. Select a cell: Choose a cell where you want to enter a formula (e.g. cell A1).
2. Enter a formula: Enter a formula that references a cell using an absolute reference
(e.g. =$B$1).

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 3. Copy the formula: Copy the formula by selecting the cell and pressing Ctrl+C.
4. Paste the formula: Paste the formula into another cell (e.g. cell A2) by pressing Ctrl+V.
5. Observe the result: Observe that the formula in cell A2 still references cell B1.

Mixed Cell References

1. Select a cell: Choose a cell where you want to enter a formula (e.g. cell A1).
2. Enter a formula: Enter a formula that references a cell using a mixed reference (e.g.
=B$1).
3. Copy the formula: Copy the formula by selecting the cell and pressing Ctrl+C.
4. Paste the formula: Paste the formula into another cell (e.g. cell A2) by pressing Ctrl+V.
5. Observe the result: Observe that the formula in cell A2 references cell B1, but the
column letter is relative.

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Practical No. 8
Data Visualization with Charts
• Create a new dataset (e.g., monthly sales or weekly temperatures).
• Insert a chart to visualize the data, experimenting with different chart types (bar, line,
pie) to see what works best.
• Format the chart by adding titles, labels, and a legend, and adjust colors and styles for
readability.
• Experiment with filters to view subsets of data and see how the chart updates.

1. Create a new dataset (e.g., monthly sales or weekly temperatures).

1. Open a new Excel spreadsheet: Create a new Excel spreadsheet by clicking on the "File"
tab and selecting "New".
2. Enter the dataset: Enter the following dataset into the spreadsheet:

Month Sales
January 1000
February 1200
March 1500
April 1800
May 2000
June 2200
July 3000
August 3500
September 3800
October 2800
November 4000
December 2500

Creating a Chart

1. Select the data: Select the entire dataset by clicking on the top-left cell (A1) and
dragging the cursor to the bottom-right cell (B13).
2. Go to the "Insert" tab: Click on the "Insert" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on the "Chart" button: Click on the "Chart" button in the "Illustrations" group.
4. Select a chart type: Select a chart type (e.g. column chart, line chart, etc.) from the
dropdown menu.
5. Customize the chart: Customize the chart by adding a title, labels, and other elements
as desired.

Types of Charts

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 1. Column chart: A column chart is useful for comparing categorical data.
2. Line chart: A line chart is useful for showing trends over time.
3. Bar chart: A bar chart is useful for comparing categorical data.
4. Pie chart: A pie chart is useful for showing how different categories contribute to a
whole.

Tips and Variations

1. Use multiple series: Use multiple series to compare different datasets.

2. Use different chart types: Use different chart types to visualize different types of data.
3. Customize the chart: Customize the chart by adding labels, titles, and other elements.
4. Use chart tools: Use chart tools (e.g. trendlines, error bars) to add more information
to the chart.

3. Insert a chart to visualize the data, experimenting with different chart types (bar, line,
pie) to see what works best.

Inserting a Chart

1. Select the data: Select the entire dataset by clicking on the top-left cell (A1) and
dragging the cursor to the bottom-right cell (B13).
2. Go to the "Insert" tab: Click on the "Insert" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on the "Chart" button: Click on the "Chart" button in the "Illustrations" group.
4. Select a chart type: Select a chart type (e.g. bar chart, line chart, pie chart) from the
dropdown menu.

Experimenting with Different Chart Types

Bar Chart

1. Select the bar chart option: Click on the "Bar Chart" option in the chart type
dropdown menu.
2. Customize the chart: Customize the chart by adding a title, labels, and other elements
as desired.

Line Chart

1. Select the line chart option: Click on the "Line Chart" option in the chart type
dropdown menu.
2. Customize the chart: Customize the chart by adding a title, labels, and other elements
as desired.

Pie Chart

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 1. Select the pie chart option: Click on the "Pie Chart" option in the chart type dropdown
menu.
2. Customize the chart: Customize the chart by adding a title, labels, and other elements
as desired.

Tips and Variations

1. Use multiple series: Use multiple series to compare different datasets.

2. Use different chart types: Use different chart types to visualize different types of data.
3. Customize the chart: Customize the chart by adding labels, titles, and other elements.
4. Use chart tools: Use chart tools (e.g. trendlines, error bars) to add more information
to the chart.

3. Format the chart by adding titles, labels, and a legend, and adjust colors and styles for
readability.

Adding Titles and Labels

1. Select the chart: Click on the chart to select it.

2. Add a title: Click on the "Chart Title" button in the "Chart Tools" tab.
3. Enter the title: Type in the title of the chart (e.g. "Monthly Sales").
4. Add axis labels: Click on the "Axis Labels" button in the "Chart Tools" tab.
5. Enter the axis labels: Type in the labels for the x-axis (e.g. "Month") and y-axis (e.g.
"Sales").

Adding a Legend

1. Select the chart: Click on the chart to select it.

2. Add a legend: Click on the "Legend" button in the "Chart Tools" tab.
3. Choose a legend position: Select a position for the legend (e.g. "Right").

Adjusting Colors and Styles

1. Select the chart: Click on the chart to select it.

2. Change the chart colors: Click on the "Chart Colors" button in the "Chart Tools" tab.
3. Select a color scheme: Choose a color scheme that is readable and visually appealing.
4. Adjust the chart style: Click on the "Chart Style" button in the "Chart Tools" tab.
5. Select a chart style: Choose a chart style that is readable and visually appealing.

Final Touches

1. Check the chart for errors: Review the chart for any errors or inconsistencies.
2. Make adjustments as needed: Make any necessary adjustments to the chart.

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 3. Save the chart: Save the chart as part of the spreadsheet.

4. Experiment with filters to view subsets of data and see how the chart updates.

Selecting a Range for Filtering

1. Select the data range: Select the entire dataset by clicking on the top-left cell (A1) and
dragging the cursor to the bottom-right cell (B13).
2. Go to the "Data" tab: Click on the "Data" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on "Filter": Click on the "Filter" button in the "Data Tools" group.

Applying Filters

1. Select a column header: Click on the column header for the column you want to filter
(e.g. "Month").
2. Click on the filter dropdown: Click on the filter dropdown arrow in the column header.
3. Select a filter option: Select a filter option (e.g. "January") to view only the data for
that month.

Viewing the Filtered Data

1. Look at the filtered data: Look at the data in the spreadsheet to see only the data for
the selected month.
2. Check the chart: Check the chart to see how it has updated to reflect the filtered data.

Experimenting with Different Filters

1. Try different filter options: Try different filter options (e.g. "February", "March", etc.)
to see how the chart updates.
2. Use multiple filters: Use multiple filters (e.g. "January" and "Sales > 1000") to see how
the chart updates.

Removing Filters

1. Click on the filter dropdown: Click on the filter dropdown arrow in the column header.
2. Select "Clear Filter": Select "Clear Filter" to remove the filter and view all the data
again.

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Practical No. 9
Creating and Formatting Slides

• Create a new presentation with at least five slides.

• Add titles, subtitles, and bullet points to each slide.
• Apply different slide layouts and experiment with text formatting (fonts, sizes, colors).
• Choose a theme or background color and add headers and footers with slide numbers.

1. Create a new presentation with at least five slides.

Step 1: Opening PowerPoint

1. Open PowerPoint: Click on the PowerPoint icon on your computer to open the
application.
2. Click on "Blank Presentation": Click on the "Blank Presentation" option to create a
new presentation.

Step 2: Creating a New Slide

1. Click on "Home" tab: Click on the "Home" tab in the ribbon.
2. Click on "New Slide" button: Click on the "New Slide" button in the "Slides" group.
3. Select a slide layout: Select a slide layout from the available options.

Step 3: Adding Content to a Slide

1. Click on a text placeholder: Click on a text placeholder on the slide.
2. Type in text: Type in the text you want to add to the slide.
3. Add images or other multimedia: Add images or other multimedia elements to the
slide as desired.

Step 4: Creating Additional Slides

1. Repeat steps 2-3: Repeat steps 2-3 to create additional slides.
2. Create at least five slides: Create at least five slides for your presentation.

Step 5: Customizing the Presentation

1. Select a theme: Select a theme for your presentation from the available options.
2. Customize the layout: Customize the layout of your slides as desired.
3. Add transitions and animations: Add transitions and animations to your slides as
desired.

Step 6: Saving the Presentation

1. Click on "File" tab: Click on the "File" tab in the ribbon.
2. Click on "Save As": Click on the "Save As" option.
3. Choose a file format: Choose a file format for your presentation (e.g. .pptx).
4. Save the presentation: Save the presentation to your computer.

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 2. Add titles, subtitles, and bullet points to each slide.

Adding Titles and Subtitles

1. Select the slide: Click on the slide where you want to add a title and subtitle.
2. Click on the title placeholder: Click on the title placeholder on the slide.
3. Type in the title: Type in the title of the slide (e.g. "Introduction").
4. Click on the subtitle placeholder: Click on the subtitle placeholder on the slide.
5. Type in the subtitle: Type in the subtitle of the slide (e.g. "Welcome to Our
Presentation").

Adding Bullet Points

1. Select the slide: Click on the slide where you want to add bullet points.
2. Click on the text placeholder: Click on the text placeholder on the slide.
3. Type in the first bullet point: Type in the first bullet point (e.g. "Point 1").
4. Press Enter: Press Enter to create a new line.
5. Type in additional bullet points: Type in additional bullet points as needed.
6. Use the bullet point button: Use the bullet point button in the "Home" tab to format
the text as bullet points.

Formatting Bullet Points

1. Select the bullet points: Select the bullet points on the slide.
2. Use the font dropdown: Use the font dropdown in the "Home" tab to select a font for
the bullet points.
3. Use the font size dropdown: Use the font size dropdown in the "Home" tab to select a
font size for the bullet points.
4. Use the alignment buttons: Use the alignment buttons in the "Home" tab to align the
bullet points as desired.

3. Apply different slide layouts and experiment with text formatting (fonts, sizes,
colors).

Applying Different Slide Layouts

1. Select the slide: Click on the slide where you want to apply a new layout.
2. Click on the "Home" tab: Click on the "Home" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on the "Layout" button: Click on the "Layout" button in the "Slides" group.
4. Select a new layout: Select a new layout from the available options (e.g. "Title and
Content", "Two Content", etc.).
5. Customize the layout: Customize the layout as needed by adding or removing
placeholders.

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Experimenting with Text Formatting

Fonts

1. Select the text: Select the text you want to format.

2. Click on the "Home" tab: Click on the "Home" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on the "Font" dropdown: Click on the "Font" dropdown in the "Font" group.
4. Select a new font: Select a new font from the available options (e.g. "Arial", "Calibri",
etc.).

Font Sizes

1. Select the text: Select the text you want to format.

2. Click on the "Home" tab: Click on the "Home" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on the "Font Size" dropdown: Click on the "Font Size" dropdown in the "Font"
group.
4. Select a new font size: Select a new font size from the available options (e.g. "12",
"14", etc.).

Colors

1. Select the text: Select the text you want to format.

2. Click on the "Home" tab: Click on the "Home" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on the "Font Color" button: Click on the "Font Color" button in the "Font" group.
4. Select a new color: Select a new color from the available options (e.g. "Red", "Blue",
etc.).

Additional Formatting Options

1. Bold, italic, and underline: Use the "Bold", "Italic", and "Underline" buttons in the
"Font" group to add emphasis to your text.
2. Text alignment: Use the "Align Left", "Align Center", and "Align Right" buttons in the
"Paragraph" group to align your text.
3. Line spacing: Use the "Line Spacing" button in the "Paragraph" group to adjust the
line spacing of your text.

4. Choose a theme or background color and add headers and footers with slide
numbers.

Choosing a Theme or Background Color

1. Open the PowerPoint presentation: Open the PowerPoint presentation you want to
add a theme or background color to.
2. Click on the "Design" tab: Click on the "Design" tab in the ribbon.

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 3. Click on the "Themes" button: Click on the "Themes" button in the "Themes" group.
4. Select a theme: Select a theme from the available options.
5. Click on the "Background" button: Click on the "Background" button in the
"Customize" group.
6. Select a background color: Select a background color from the available options.

Adding Headers and Footers

1. Click on the "Insert" tab: Click on the "Insert" tab in the ribbon.
2. Click on the "Header & Footer" button: Click on the "Header & Footer" button in the
"Text" group.
3. Select the "Slide" tab: Select the "Slide" tab in the "Header and Footer" dialog box.
4. Check the "Slide number" box: Check the "Slide number" box to add slide numbers to
your presentation.
5. Check the "Footer" box: Check the "Footer" box to add a footer to your presentation.
6. Type in the footer text: Type in the footer text you want to add to your presentation.

Customizing the Header and Footer

1. Select the "Header" tab: Select the "Header" tab in the "Header and Footer" dialog
box.
2. Check the "Header" box: Check the "Header" box to add a header to your
presentation.
3. Type in the header text: Type in the header text you want to add to your
presentation.
4. Select the "Footer" tab: Select the "Footer" tab in the "Header and Footer" dialog
box.
5. Check the "Footer" box: Check the "Footer" box to add a footer to your presentation.
6. Type in the footer text: Type in the footer text you want to add to your presentation.

Applying the Header and Footer to All Slides

1. Click on the "Apply" button: Click on the "Apply" button in the "Header and Footer"
dialog box.
2. Select "All slides": Select "All slides" from the dropdown menu.
3. Click on the "OK" button: Click on the "OK" button to apply the header and footer to
all slides.

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Practical No. 10
Working with Images, Shapes, and Media

• Insert images, shapes, and icons on different slides, resizing and positioning them as
needed.
• Add a video clip or audio file to one slide, and explore playback options (e.g., autoplay,
play on click).
• Use image formatting options like cropping, adding borders, and applying artistic effects.
• Combine text and visuals to create an engaging slide layout.

1. Insert images, shapes, and icons on different slides, resizing and positioning them
as needed.

Inserting Images

1. Select the slide: Click on the slide where you want to insert the image.
2. Click on the "Insert" tab: Click on the "Insert" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on the "Picture" button: Click on the "Picture" button in the "Images" group.
4. Select the image file: Select the image file you want to insert from your computer.
5. Click on the "Insert" button: Click on the "Insert" button to insert the image.

Resizing Images

1. Select the image: Click on the image to select it.

2. Drag the handles: Drag the handles on the image to resize it.
3. Use the "Size" group: Use the "Size" group in the "Picture Tools" tab to resize the
image precisely.

Positioning Images

1. Select the image: Click on the image to select it.

2. Drag the image: Drag the image to the desired position on the slide.
3. Use the "Align" group: Use the "Align" group in the "Picture Tools" tab to align the
image with other objects on the slide.

Inserting Shapes

1. Select the slide: Click on the slide where you want to insert the shape.
2. Click on the "Insert" tab: Click on the "Insert" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on the "Shapes" button: Click on the "Shapes" button in the "Illustrations" group.
4. Select the shape: Select the shape you want to insert from the available options.
5. Click and drag to draw the shape: Click and drag to draw the shape on the slide.

Resizing Shapes
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 1. Select the shape: Click on the shape to select it.
2. Drag the handles: Drag the handles on the shape to resize it.
3. Use the "Size" group: Use the "Size" group in the "Drawing Tools" tab to resize the
shape precisely.

Positioning Shapes

1. Select the shape: Click on the shape to select it.

2. Drag the shape: Drag the shape to the desired position on the slide.
3. Use the "Align" group: Use the "Align" group in the "Drawing Tools" tab to align the
shape with other objects on the slide.

Inserting Icons

1. Select the slide: Click on the slide where you want to insert the icon.
2. Click on the "Insert" tab: Click on the "Insert" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on the "Icons" button: Click on the "Icons" button in the "Illustrations" group.
4. Select the icon: Select the icon you want to insert from the available options.
5. Click and drag to insert the icon: Click and drag to insert the icon on the slide.

Resizing Icons

1. Select the icon: Click on the icon to select it.

2. Drag the handles: Drag the handles on the icon to resize it.
3. Use the "Size" group: Use the "Size" group in the "Picture Tools" tab to resize the icon
precisely.

Positioning Icons

1. Select the icon: Click on the icon to select it.

2. Drag the icon: Drag the icon to the desired position on the slide.
3. Use the "Align" group: Use the "Align" group in the "Picture Tools" tab to align the
icon with other objects on the slide.

2. Add a video clip or audio file to one slide, and explore playback options (e.g.,
autoplay, play on click).

Adding a Video Clip or Audio File

1. Select the slide: Click on the slide where you want to add the video clip or audio file.
2. Click on the "Insert" tab: Click on the "Insert" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on the "Video" or "Audio" button: Click on the "Video" or "Audio" button in the
"Media" group.

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 4. Select the video or audio file: Select the video or audio file you want to add from your
computer.
5. Click on the "Insert" button: Click on the "Insert" button to add the video clip or audio
file to the slide.

Exploring Playback Options

1. Select the video or audio file: Click on the video or audio file to select it.
2. Click on the "Playback" tab: Click on the "Playback" tab in the ribbon.
3. Select the playback option: Select the playback option you want to use, such as
"Autoplay" or "Play on Click".
4. Adjust the playback settings: Adjust the playback settings as needed, such as setting
the start time or end time.

Autoplay Option

1. Select the "Autoplay" option: Select the "Autoplay" option in the "Playback" tab.
2. Set the start time: Set the start time for the video clip or audio file.
3. Set the end time: Set the end time for the video clip or audio file.

Play on Click Option

1. Select the "Play on Click" option: Select the "Play on Click" option in the "Playback"
tab.
2. Set the trigger: Set the trigger for the video clip or audio file to play, such as a mouse
click or a key press.

Testing the Playback

1. Click on the "Slide Show" button: Click on the "Slide Show" button to start the slide
show.
2. Test the playback: Test the playback of the video clip or audio file to ensure it works
as expected.
3):-Use image formatting options like cropping, adding borders, and applying artistic
effects.
4):-Combine text and visuals to create an engaging slide layout.

3.Use image formatting options like cropping, adding borders, and applying artistic effects.

Cropping an Image

1. Select the image: Click on the image you want to crop.

2. Click on the "Picture Tools" tab: Click on the "Picture Tools" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on the "Crop" button: Click on the "Crop" button in the "Size" group.

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 4. Drag the crop handles: Drag the crop handles to select the part of the image you want
to keep.
5. Click on the "Crop" button again: Click on the "Crop" button again to apply the crop.

Adding Borders to an Image

1. Select the image: Click on the image you want to add a border to.
2. Click on the "Picture Tools" tab: Click on the "Picture Tools" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on the "Picture Border" button: Click on the "Picture Border" button in the
"Picture Styles" group.
4. Select a border style: Select a border style from the available options.
5. Adjust the border settings: Adjust the border settings as needed, such as the border
width and color.

Applying Artistic Effects to an Image

1. Select the image: Click on the image you want to apply artistic effects to.
2. Click on the "Picture Tools" tab: Click on the "Picture Tools" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on the "Artistic Effects" button: Click on the "Artistic Effects" button in the
"Picture Styles" group.
4. Select an artistic effect: Select an artistic effect from the available options, such as
"Watercolor" or "Pencil Sketch".
5. Adjust the artistic effect settings: Adjust the artistic effect settings as needed, such as
the effect intensity and style.

Additional Image Formatting Options

1. Adjusting image brightness and contrast: Use the "Brightness" and "Contrast" buttons
in the "Picture Tools" tab to adjust the image brightness and contrast.
2. Applying image filters: Use the "Filters" button in the "Picture Tools" tab to apply
image filters, such as "Black and White" or "Sepia".
3. Resizing images: Use the "Size" group in the "Picture Tools" tab to resize images.

5. Combine text and visuals to create an engaging slide layout.

Step 1: Plan Your Slide Layout

1. Determine the purpose of the slide: Identify the main message you want to convey on
the slide.
2. Brainstorm visuals and text: Think about the visuals and text you can use to support
your message.
3. Sketch a rough layout: Sketch a rough layout of your slide to visualize how you can
combine text and visuals.

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Step 2: Add a Visual Element

1. Insert an image or graphic: Click on the "Insert" tab and select an image or graphic
that supports your message.
2. Resize the visual element: Resize the visual element to fit your slide layout.
3. Position the visual element: Position the visual element on the slide to create visual
balance.

Step 3: Add Text Elements

1. Insert a text box: Click on the "Insert" tab and select a text box to add text to your
slide.
2. Type in your text: Type in your text, keeping it concise and focused on your main
message.
3. Format your text: Format your text using headings, bullet points, and font styles to
create visual hierarchy.

Step 4: Combine Text and Visuals

1. Position text and visuals together: Position text and visuals together to create a
cohesive layout.
2. Use white space effectively: Use white space effectively to create visual balance and
guide the viewer's eye.
3. Ensure text and visuals align: Ensure text and visuals align to create a professional-
looking layout.

Step 5: Finalize Your Slide Layout

1. Review your slide layout: Review your slide layout to ensure it effectively
communicates your message.
2. Make adjustments as needed: Make adjustments as needed to improve the layout
and visual flow.
3. Save your slide: Save your slide and move on to creating the next one.

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Practical No. 11
Adding Transitions, Animations, and Hyperlinks
• Apply different transitions between slides to enhance the flow of the presentation.
• Add animations to elements on individual slides, such as making text or images appear,
fade, or fly in.
• Use the Animation Pane to customize timing and sequence.
• Add hyperlinks to text or shapes, linking to a webpage, another slide, or a file.

1. Apply different transitions between slides to enhance the flow of the presentation.

Step 1: Select the Slide Transition

1. Select the slide: Click on the slide where you want to apply a transition.
2. Click on the "Transitions" tab: Click on the "Transitions" tab in the ribbon.
3. Select a transition: Select a transition from the available options, such as "Fade",
"Slide", or "Dissolve".

Step 2: Customize the Transition

1. Adjust the transition duration: Adjust the transition duration by clicking on the
"Duration" dropdown menu and selecting a time.
2. Add a sound effect: Add a sound effect to the transition by clicking on the "Sound"
dropdown menu and selecting a sound.
3. Apply the transition to all slides: Apply the transition to all slides by clicking on the
"Apply To All" button.

Step 3: Preview the Transition

1. Click on the "Preview" button: Click on the "Preview" button to preview the transition.
2. Check the transition: Check the transition to ensure it is working as expected.

Step 4: Apply Different Transitions to Different Slides

1. Select the next slide: Select the next slide where you want to apply a different
transition.
2. Click on the "Transitions" tab: Click on the "Transitions" tab in the ribbon.
3. Select a different transition: Select a different transition from the available options.
4. Repeat the process: Repeat the process for each slide where you want to apply a
different transition.

Step 5: Finalize the Transitions

1. Review the transitions: Review the transitions to ensure they are working as
expected.
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 2. Make adjustments as needed: Make adjustments as needed to the transitions.
3. Save the presentation: Save the presentation to ensure the transitions are saved.

2. Add animations to elements on individual slides, such as making text or images

appear, fade, or fly in.

Adding Animations to Text

1. Select the text: Click on the text you want to animate.

2. Click on the "Animations" tab: Click on the "Animations" tab in the ribbon.
3. Select an animation: Select an animation from the available options, such as "Fade In"
or "Fly In".
4. Customize the animation: Customize the animation by adjusting the animation
duration, delay, and trigger.

Adding Animations to Images

1. Select the image: Click on the image you want to animate.

2. Click on the "Animations" tab: Click on the "Animations" tab in the ribbon.
3. Select an animation: Select an animation from the available options, such as "Fade In"
or "Fly In".
4. Customize the animation: Customize the animation by adjusting the animation
duration, delay, and trigger.

Customizing Animations

1. Adjust the animation duration: Adjust the animation duration by clicking on the
"Duration" dropdown menu and selecting a time.
2. Adjust the animation delay: Adjust the animation delay by clicking on the "Delay"
dropdown menu and selecting a time.
3. Select a trigger: Select a trigger for the animation, such as "On Click" or "After
Previous".
4. Preview the animation: Preview the animation by clicking on the "Preview" button.

Applying Animations to Multiple Elements

1. Select multiple elements: Select multiple elements, such as text and images, that you
want to animate.
2. Click on the "Animations" tab: Click on the "Animations" tab in the ribbon.
3. Select an animation: Select an animation from the available options, such as "Fade In"
or "Fly In".
4. Customize the animation: Customize the animation by adjusting the animation
duration, delay, and trigger.

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Finalizing Animations

1. Review the animations: Review the animations to ensure they are working as
expected.
2. Make adjustments as needed: Make adjustments as needed to the animations.
3. Save the presentation: Save the presentation to ensure the animations are saved.

3. Use the Animation Pane to customize timing and sequence.

Step 1: Open the Animation Pane

1. Select the slide: Click on the slide that contains the animations you want to
customize.
2. Click on the "Animations" tab: Click on the "Animations" tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on the "Animation Pane" button: Click on the "Animation Pane" button in the
"Advanced Animation" group.

Step 2: Customize Animation Timing

1. Select the animation: Click on the animation you want to customize in the Animation
Pane.
2. Adjust the start time: Adjust the start time of the animation by clicking on the "Start"
dropdown menu and selecting a time.
3. Adjust the duration: Adjust the duration of the animation by clicking on the
"Duration" dropdown menu and selecting a time.

Step 3: Customize Animation Sequence

1. Select the animation: Click on the animation you want to customize in the Animation
Pane.
2. Drag and drop to reorder: Drag and drop the animation to reorder it in the sequence.
3. Use the "Move Earlier" and "Move Later" buttons: Use the "Move Earlier" and "Move
Later" buttons to move the animation up or down in the sequence.

Step 4: Add Delays and Triggers

1. Select the animation: Click on the animation you want to customize in the Animation
Pane.
2. Add a delay: Add a delay to the animation by clicking on the "Delay" dropdown menu
and selecting a time.
3. Add a trigger: Add a trigger to the animation by clicking on the "Trigger" dropdown
menu and selecting a trigger.

Step 5: Preview and Refine

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 1. Preview the animation: Preview the animation by clicking on the "Preview" button.
2. Refine the animation: Refine the animation as needed by adjusting the timing,
sequence, and triggers.
3. Save the presentation: Save the presentation to ensure the animations are saved.

4. Add hyperlinks to text or shapes, linking to a webpage, another slide, or a file.

Adding a Hyperlink to Text

1. Select the text: Click on the text you want to add a hyperlink to.
2. Right-click on the text: Right-click on the text and select "Hyperlink" from the context
menu.
3. Click on the "Insert Hyperlink" button: Click on the "Insert Hyperlink" button in the
"Links" group of the "Insert" tab.
4. Enter the hyperlink address: Enter the hyperlink address in the "Address" field. You
can link to a webpage, another slide, or a file.
5. Click on the "OK" button: Click on the "OK" button to create the hyperlink.

Adding a Hyperlink to a Shape

1. Select the shape: Click on the shape you want to add a hyperlink to.
2. Right-click on the shape: Right-click on the shape and select "Hyperlink" from the
context menu.
3. Click on the "Insert Hyperlink" button: Click on the "Insert Hyperlink" button in the
"Links" group of the "Insert" tab.
4. Enter the hyperlink address: Enter the hyperlink address in the "Address" field. You
can link to a webpage, another slide, or a file.
5. Click on the "OK" button: Click on the "OK" button to create the hyperlink.

Linking to Another Slide

1. Select the text or shape: Click on the text or shape you want to add a hyperlink to.
2. Click on the "Insert Hyperlink" button: Click on the "Insert Hyperlink" button in the
"Links" group of the "Insert" tab.
3. Select "Place in This Document": Select "Place in This Document" from the "Link to"
dropdown menu.
4. Select the slide you want to link to: Select the slide you want to link to from the
"Select a place in this document" list.
5. Click on the "OK" button: Click on the "OK" button to create the hyperlink.

Linking to a File

1. Select the text or shape: Click on the text or shape you want to add a hyperlink to.

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2. Click on the "Insert Hyperlink" button: Click on the "Insert Hyperlink" button in the
"Links" group of the "Insert" tab.
3. Select "File": Select "File" from the "Link to" dropdown menu.
4. Browse to the file you want to link to: Browse to the file you want to link to and select
it.
5. Click on the "OK" button: Click on the "OK" button to create the hyperlink.

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Practical No. 12
File Management and Organization
• Create folders within the "Documents" directory, and practice organizing files by
moving, copying, and renaming them.
• Learn to use basic file management shortcuts, like Ctrl + C (copy), Ctrl + V (paste), and
Ctrl + X (cut).
• Explore file properties by right-clicking on a file, viewing its size, date modified, and
permissions.
• Experiment with creating, deleting, and recovering files using the Recycle Bin.

1. Create folders within the "Documents" directory, and practice organizing files by
moving, copying, and renaming them.

Step 1: Open File Explorer

Click on the File Explorer icon on the taskbar or press the Windows key + E.

Step 2: Navigate to the "Documents" Directory

Click on the "Documents" directory in the left pane.

Step 3: Create a New Folder

Right-click on an empty area in the right pane and select "New" > "Folder" from the context
menu.

Step 4: Name the Folder

Type a name for the folder, such as "Work" or "Personal", and press Enter.

Step 5: Create Additional Folders

Repeat steps 3-4 to create additional folders, such as "Projects" or "Reports".

Step 6: Move Files into Folders

Select a file and drag it into the corresponding folder. Alternatively, right-click on the file and
select "Move to" > "Folder name".

Step 7: Copy Files into Folders

Select a file and right-click on it. Select "Copy" from the context menu. Then, navigate to the
destination folder and right-click on an empty area. Select "Paste" from the context menu.

Step 8: Rename Files

Select a file and right-click on it. Select "Rename" from the context menu. Type a new name for
the file and press Enter.

Step 9: Verify File Organization

Verify that files have been moved, copied, and renamed correctly by checking the folder
contents.
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Step 10: Practice File Management
Practice moving, copying, and renaming files to reinforce your understanding of file
management concepts.

2. Learn to use basic file management shortcuts, like Ctrl + C (copy), Ctrl + V (paste), and
Ctrl + X (cut).

Basic File Management Shortcuts

Copying Files (Ctrl + C)

1. Select the file: Click on the file you want to copy.

2. Press Ctrl + C: Press the Ctrl key and the C key simultaneously to copy the file.
3. Navigate to the destination folder: Navigate to the folder where you want to paste
the copied file.
4. Press Ctrl + V: Press the Ctrl key and the V key simultaneously to paste the copied file.

Cutting Files (Ctrl + X)

1. Select the file: Click on the file you want to cut.

2. Press Ctrl + X: Press the Ctrl key and the X key simultaneously to cut the file.
3. Navigate to the destination folder: Navigate to the folder where you want to paste
the cut file.
4. Press Ctrl + V: Press the Ctrl key and the V key simultaneously to paste the cut file.

Pasting Files (Ctrl + V)

1. Select the file: Click on the file you want to paste.

2. Press Ctrl + V: Press the Ctrl key and the V key simultaneously to paste the file.

Additional Shortcuts

1. Ctrl + A: Select all files in the current folder.

2. Ctrl + Z: Undo the last action.
3. Ctrl + Y: Redo the last action.
4. F2: Rename a file.
5. F5: Refresh the current folder.
6. F11: Toggle full-screen mode on and off.

Practice Exercise

1. Create a new folder on your desktop.

2. Create a few files inside the folder (e.g., text documents, images).

49
 3. Practice copying, cutting, and pasting files using the shortcuts above.
4. Practice renaming files using the F2 shortcut.
5. Practice refreshing the folder using the F5 shortcut.

3. Explore file properties by right-clicking on a file, viewing its size, date modified, and
permissions.

Step 1: Locate the File

Locate the file you want to explore on your computer.

Step 2: Right-Click on the File

Right-click on the file to open the context menu.

Step 3: Select Properties

Select "Properties" from the context menu.

Step 4: View File Properties

In the Properties window, you can view the following file properties:

- General: File name, type, size, and location.

- Details: File date created, modified, and accessed.
- Security: File permissions and ownership.
- Previous Versions: List of previous versions of the file (if available).

Step 5: Explore Additional Tabs

Depending on the file type, there may be additional tabs available, such as:

- Summary: File summary information, such as title, author, and comments.

- Custom: Custom file properties, such as tags and ratings.

Step 6: Close the Properties Window

Close the Properties window when you're finished exploring the file properties.

4. Experiment with creating, deleting, and recovering files using the Recycle Bin.
Creating a File

1. Open a text editor: Open a text editor such as Notepad or WordPad.

2. Type some text: Type some text into the document.
3. Save the file: Save the file with a name such as "test.txt" to your desktop or
documents folder.

Deleting a File

1. Locate the file: Locate the file you just created on your desktop or in your documents

50
 folder.
2. Right-click on the file: Right-click on the file and select "Delete" from the context
menu.
3. Confirm deletion: Confirm that you want to delete the file by clicking "Yes" in the
dialog box.

Using the Recycle Bin

1. Open the Recycle Bin: Double-click on the Recycle Bin icon on your desktop to open it.
2. View deleted files: View the list of deleted files in the Recycle Bin.
3. Restore a file: Right-click on the file you deleted earlier and select "Restore" from the
context menu.
4. Confirm restoration: Confirm that you want to restore the file by clicking "Yes" in the
dialog box.

Emptying the Recycle Bin

1. Open the Recycle Bin: Double-click on the Recycle Bin icon on your desktop to open it.
2. Click on "Empty Recycle Bin": Click on the "Empty Recycle Bin" button in the top-left
corner of the window.
3. Confirm emptying: Confirm that you want to empty the Recycle Bin by clicking "Yes"
in the dialog box.

Recovering a File from the Recycle Bin

Note: This step can only be done if you have not emptied the Recycle Bin.

1. Open the Recycle Bin: Double-click on the Recycle Bin icon on your desktop to open it.
2. Locate the file: Locate the file you want to recover in the Recycle Bin.
3. Right-click on the file: Right-click on the file and select "Restore" from the context
menu.
4. Confirm restoration: Confirm that you want to restore the file by clicking "Yes" in the
dialog box.

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Practical No. 13
Personalizing the Desktop and Taskbar
• Customize the desktop background, screen resolution, and theme from the
"Personalization" settings.
• Pin frequently used applications to the Taskbar and create desktop shortcuts for quick
access.
• Practice organizing desktop icons, and adjust the Start Menu by adding or removing
tiles.
• Experiment with taskbar settings, such as hiding/unhiding icons and using the "Task
View" to manage open windows.

1. Customize the desktop background, screen resolution, and theme from the
"Personalization" settings.

Customizing the Desktop Background

1. Click on the Start button: Click on the Start button in the bottom-left corner of the
screen.
2. Select Settings: Select the "Settings" option from the Start menu.
3. Click on Personalization: Click on the "Personalization" option in the Settings window.
4. Select Background: Select the "Background" option from the left menu.
5. Choose a background: Choose a background image from the available options, or click
on "Browse" to select a custom image.
6. Adjust the background settings: Adjust the background settings as desired, such as
choosing a fit option or setting the background to slideshow.

Customizing the Screen Resolution

1. Click on the Start button: Click on the Start button in the bottom-left corner of the
screen.
2. Select Settings: Select the "Settings" option from the Start menu.
3. Click on System: Click on the "System" option in the Settings window.
4. Select Display: Select the "Display" option from the left menu.
5. Click on the dropdown menu: Click on the dropdown menu under "Display resolution"
and select a resolution from the available options.
6. Click on Keep changes: Click on "Keep changes" to save the new resolution settings.

Customizing the Theme

1. Click on the Start button: Click on the Start button in the bottom-left corner of the
screen.
2. Select Settings: Select the "Settings" option from the Start menu.
3. Click on Personalization: Click on the "Personalization" option in the Settings window.
4. Select Themes: Select the "Themes" option from the left menu.
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 5. Choose a theme: Choose a theme from the available options, or click on "Get more
themes in Microsoft Store" to download additional themes.
6. Click on Apply: Click on "Apply" to save the new theme settings.

2. Pin frequently used applications to the Taskbar and create desktop shortcuts for
quick access

Pinning Applications to the Taskbar

1. Open the application: Open the application you want to pin to the Taskbar.
2. Right-click on the application icon: Right-click on the application icon in the Taskbar.
3. Select "Pin to taskbar": Select "Pin to taskbar" from the context menu.
4. Verify the application is pinned: Verify that the application is now pinned to the
Taskbar.

Unpinning Applications from the Taskbar

1. Right-click on the application icon: Right-click on the application icon in the Taskbar.
2. Select "Unpin from taskbar": Select "Unpin from taskbar" from the context menu.
3. Verify the application is unpinned: Verify that the application is no longer pinned to
the Taskbar.

Creating Desktop Shortcuts

1. Right-click on an empty area of the desktop: Right-click on an empty area of the

desktop.
2. Select "New" > "Shortcut": Select "New" > "Shortcut" from the context menu.
3. Enter the location of the application: Enter the location of the application you want to
create a shortcut for.
4. Click "Next": Click "Next" to continue.
5. Enter a name for the shortcut: Enter a name for the shortcut.
6. Click "Finish": Click "Finish" to create the shortcut.
7. Verify the shortcut is created: Verify that the shortcut is created on the desktop.

Renaming Desktop Shortcuts

1. Right-click on the shortcut: Right-click on the shortcut.

2. Select "Rename": Select "Rename" from the context menu.
3. Enter a new name for the shortcut: Enter a new name for the shortcut.
4. Press Enter: Press Enter to save the new name.

Deleting Desktop Shortcuts

1. Right-click on the shortcut: Right-click on the shortcut.

53
 2. Select "Delete": Select "Delete" from the context menu.
3. Confirm deletion: Confirm that you want to delete the shortcut.

3. Practice organizing desktop icons, and adjust the Start Menu by adding or
removing tiles.

Organizing Desktop Icons

1. Right-click on an empty area of the desktop: Right-click on an empty area of the

desktop.
2. Select "View": Select "View" from the context menu.
3. Select "Auto arrange icons": Select "Auto arrange icons" to automatically arrange the
icons on the desktop.
4. Select "Align icons to grid": Select "Align icons to grid" to align the icons to a grid.
5. Drag and drop icons: Drag and drop icons to organize them on the desktop.

Adjusting the Start Menu

Adding Tiles

1. Click on the Start button: Click on the Start button in the bottom-left corner of the
screen.
2. Click on the "All apps" button: Click on the "All apps" button in the top-left corner of
the Start Menu.
3. Find the app you want to add: Find the app you want to add to the Start Menu.
4. Right-click on the app: Right-click on the app and select "Pin to Start" from the
context menu.
5. Drag and drop the tile: Drag and drop the tile to the desired location on the Start
Menu.

Removing Tiles

1. Click on the Start button: Click on the Start button in the bottom-left corner of the
screen.
2. Find the tile you want to remove: Find the tile you want to remove from the Start
Menu.
3. Right-click on the tile: Right-click on the tile and select "Unpin from Start" from the
context menu.
4. Confirm removal: Confirm that you want to remove the tile from the Start Menu.

Resizing Tiles

1. Click on the Start button: Click on the Start button in the bottom-left corner of the
screen.

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 2. Find the tile you want to resize: Find the tile you want to resize on the Start Menu.
3. Right-click on the tile: Right-click on the tile and select "Resize" from the context
menu.
4. Select a new size: Select a new size for the tile from the available options.

4. Experiment with taskbar settings, such as hiding/unhiding icons and using the
"Task View" to manage open windows.

Hiding/Unhiding Icons

1. Right-click on the taskbar: Right-click on an empty area of the taskbar.

2. Select "Taskbar settings": Select "Taskbar settings" from the context menu.
3. Toggle the switch: Toggle the switch next to "Show Cortana button" or "Show Task
View button" to hide or unhide the icon.
4. Repeat for other icons: Repeat the process for other icons, such as the Windows Ink
Workspace button or the Touch Keyboard button.

Using the "Task View"

1. Click on the Task View button: Click on the Task View button on the taskbar.
2. View open windows: View all open windows and applications on your desktop.
3. Select a window: Select a window to switch to it.
4. Create a new desktop: Click on the "New desktop" button to create a new virtual
desktop.
5. Switch between desktops: Switch between desktops by clicking on the desktop
thumbnails.

Customizing Taskbar Settings

1. Right-click on the taskbar: Right-click on an empty area of the taskbar.

2. Select "Taskbar settings": Select "Taskbar settings" from the context menu.
3. Customize settings: Customize settings, such as:
- Locking or unlocking the taskbar
- Hiding or showing the search box
- Hiding or showing the task view button
- Auto-hiding the taskbar
4. Save changes: Save changes by clicking on the "Save" button.

Additional Tips

- Use the Windows key + Tab: Use the Windows key + Tab to cycle through open
windows and applications.
- Use the Windows key + D: Use the Windows key + D to show the desktop.

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- Use the Windows key + Left/Right arrow: Use the Windows key + Left/Right arrow to
move windows between monitors.

56
Practical No. 14
System Settings and Troubleshooting
• Open the "Control Panel" or "Settings" and explore various options, including "System,"
"Devices," "Network & Internet," and "Privacy."
• Check system information such as Windows version, processor, RAM, and available
storage.
• Run the Disk Cleanup utility to free up space and the Task Manager to monitor running
applications and resource usage.
• Use the Windows Update tool to check for and install system updates.\

1. Open the "Control Panel" or "Settings" and explore various options, including
"System," "Devices," "Network & Internet," and "Privacy."

Method 1: Using the Control Panel

1. Click on the Start button: Click on the Start button in the bottom-left corner of the
screen.
2. Type "Control Panel": Type "Control Panel" in the search bar and select the "Control
Panel" result.
3. View the Control Panel categories: View the various categories in the Control Panel,
including:
- System and Security
- Network and Internet
- Hardware and Sound
- Programs
- User Accounts
- Appearance and Personalization
4. Select a category: Select a category to view the available options.
5. Explore the options: Explore the various options within the selected category.

Method 2: Using the Settings App

1. Click on the Start button: Click on the Start button in the bottom-left corner of the
screen.
2. Select the "Settings" app: Select the "Settings" app from the Start menu.
3. View the Settings categories: View the various categories in the Settings app,
including:
- System
- Devices
- Network & Internet
- Personalization
- Accounts
- Time & Language
- Gaming
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 - Accessibility
4. Select a category: Select a category to view the available options.
5. Explore the options: Explore the various options within the selected category.

Exploring Specific Options

1. System: Explore options related to system settings, such as display, sound, and power
settings.
2. Devices: Explore options related to device settings, such as printer, mouse, and
keyboard settings.
3. Network & Internet: Explore options related to network and internet settings, such as
Wi-Fi, Ethernet, and VPN settings.
4. Privacy: Explore options related to privacy settings, such as location, camera, and
microphone settings.

2. Check system information such as Windows version, processor, RAM, and

available storage.

Step 1: Click on the Start Button

Click on the Start button located at the bottom-left corner of the screen.

Step 2: Type "System Information"

Type "System Information" in the search bar and select the "System Information" result.

Step 3: View System Information

View the system information, including:
- Windows version
- Processor
- RAM
- Available storage

Step 4: Expand the System Summary

Expand the "System Summary" section to view more detailed information about the
system.

Step 5: View Processor Information

View the processor information, including the processor name, speed, and number of
cores.

Step 6: View Memory (RAM) Information

View the memory (RAM) information, including the total amount of RAM installed and
the amount of RAM available.

Step 7: View Storage Information

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 View the storage information, including the total amount of storage available and the
amount of free space.

Step 8: Close the System Information Window

Close the System Information window when finished viewing the system information.

3. Run the Disk Cleanup utility to free up space and the Task Manager to monitor
running applications and resource usage.
Running the Disk Cleanup Utility

Step 1: Open the Disk Cleanup Utility

Click on the Start button and type "Disk Cleanup" in the search bar. Select the "Disk
Cleanup" result.

Step 2: Select the Drive to Clean Up

Select the drive you want to clean up from the drop-down menu. Typically, this is the C:
drive.

Step 3: Analyze the Drive

Click on the "OK" button to start analyzing the drive. This may take a few minutes.

Step 4: View the Disk Cleanup Results

Once the analysis is complete, you'll see a list of files and folders that can be deleted to
free up space.

Step 5: Select Files to Delete

Check the boxes next to the files and folders you want to delete.

Step 6: Confirm Deletion

Click on the "OK" button to confirm deletion.

Step 7: Close the Disk Cleanup Utility

Click on the "Close" button to close the Disk Cleanup utility.

Running the Task Manager

Step 1: Open the Task Manager

Press the Ctrl + Shift + Esc keys simultaneously to open the Task Manager.

Step 2: View Running Applications

Click on the "Applications" tab to view a list of running applications.

Step 3: View Resource Usage

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Click on the "Performance" tab to view resource usage, including CPU, memory, and disk
usage.

Step 4: End a Task

Select a task from the list and click on the "End Task" button to close the application.

Step 5: Close the Task Manager

Click on the "X" button to close the Task Manager.

4. Use the Windows Update tool to check for and install system updates.
Step 1: Open the Settings App
Click on the Start button and select the "Settings" app from the Start menu.

Step 2: Click on Update & Security

In the Settings app, click on the "Update & Security" option.

Step 3: Click on Windows Update

In the Update & Security window, click on the "Windows Update" option from the left
menu.

Step 4: Click on Check for Updates

Click on the "Check for updates" button to check for available system updates.

Step 5: View Available Updates

If updates are available, view the list of updates and select the updates you want to
install.

Step 6: Click on Download and Install Now

Click on the "Download and install now" button to start downloading and installing the
selected updates.

Step 7: Wait for the Updates to Install

Wait for the updates to download and install. This may take several minutes or longer,
depending on the size of the updates and your internet connection speed.

Step 8: Restart Your Computer (If Necessary)

If prompted, restart your computer to complete the installation of the updates.

Step 9: Verify the Updates Were Installed

After restarting your computer, verify that the updates were installed successfully by
checking the Windows Update history.

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