Automated Brain tumor Classification using Customized

CNN Model.
By

Jarin Tasnim Khan

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Submitted to
Arshiana Samir

December 2024
East Delta University
Noman Society, East Nasirabad, Chittagong-4203

Table of Contents
Contents
Table of Contents...........................................................................................................................2
Abstract..........................................................................................................................................3
Introduction 1.................................................................................................................................4
1.1. Background.....................................................................................................................4
1.2 Problem Statement..........................................................................................................4
1.3 Objective:........................................................................................................................5
Methodology 2...............................................................................................................................5
2.1 Data Collection:...............................................................................................................5
2.2 Data Preprocessing:........................................................................................................5
2.3 Model Design:.................................................................................................................6
2.4 Layer Customization:......................................................................................................6
2.5 Model Training:...............................................................................................................6
2.6 Model Evaluation:...........................................................................................................7
2.7 Resources Required........................................................................................................7
Expected Outcomes 4.....................................................................................................................8
Timeline 5.......................................................................................................................................8
Conclusion......................................................................................................................................9

Abstract
The goal of the proposed study is to create a reliable and effective

CNN-based model for automatically detecting and classifying

brain tumors from MRI scans and other medical imaging data. The

model uses a customized design to maximize accuracy, minimize

computing complexity, and enhance practicality. Publicly

accessible datasets will be used to assess the implementation,

which will address issues like inter-class similarity and data

imbalance.

Introduction 1
 1.1. Background

Brain tumors are among the most life-threatening conditions, requiring timely and

accurate diagnosis. Conventional diagnostic methods heavily depend on expert

radiologists, which can lead to delays or inconsistencies. Recent advancements in

machine learning and deep learning have shown significant promise in automating brain

tumor detection, enhancing diagnostic accuracy, and reducing human errors.

1.2 Problem Statement

To tackle this problem, recent advancements in machine learning and deep

learning offer a chance to automate brain tumor detection, thereby improving diagnostic

accuracy and lessening reliance on human expertise. This project seeks to create a

scalable and dependable classification system using machine learning models to identify

brain tumors. Manual examination of MRI scans is time-consuming and prone to inter-

observer variability. Automated solutions based on machine learning have showed

potential, but they face issues such as model overfitting, a lack of generalizability, and

limited interpretability.The system categorizes tumors into four types—glioma,

meningioma, pituitary tumors, and no tumor—utilizing Python-based libraries such as

NumPy, Pandas, and OpenCV, along with visualization tools like Matplotlib and Seaborn

for data analysis and visualization.

solution aims to deliver a user-friendly interface for medical professionals, ensuring

timely and precise tumor detection in clinical environments.

1.3 Objective:

The goal is to create a customized CNN model with high efficiency and

generalizability that can accurately classify brain tumors.

Methodology 2

2.1 Data Collection:

Dataset: The project will utilize publicly available datasets such as Kaggle’s

Brain MRI dataset, which contains labeled grayscale MRI images of brain tumors

(benign and malignant).

2.2 Data Preprocessing:

 Resize all images to a consistent size of (128, 128) pixels for uniformity.

 Convert images to grayscale (if not already in grayscale).

 Normalize the pixel values to the range [0, 1] for better model training.
2.3 Model Design:

Base Architecture:

 The customized CNN will be based on the VGG-16 architecture.

 The first convolutional layer will be modified to accept grayscale images (1

channel) instead of RGB (3 channels).

2.4 Layer Customization:

 The model will include 3-4 convolutional blocks, each consisting of a

convolutional layer followed by a MaxPooling layer to reduce spatial

dimensions.

 Batch Normalization will be applied after each convolution to stabilize and

accelerate training.

 Dropout layers will be introduced, in order to avoid overfitting, especially

during training on smaller datasets.

 The convolutional layers' output will be smoothed before going through

dense, fully linked layers.

 For binary classification (tumor vs. no tumor), a final Sigmoid activation

function will be employed.

2.5 Model Training:

 80% of the dataset will be used for training, 20% for validation, and 20% for

testing.
  Rotation, zooming, and flipping are examples of data augmentation

techniques that will be used to improve model robustness and lessen

overfitting.

 Binary cross-entropy loss and the Adam optimizer will be used to create the

model for binary classification.

 To speed up the training process and optimize hyperparameters, the model

will be trained on a GPU.

2.6 Model Evaluation:

Performance Metrics: The model will be evaluated using metrics such as

accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and AUC-ROC curve.

2.7 Resources Required

 Programming Languages: Python

 Libraries: NumPy, Pandas, OpenCV, Scikit-learn, Matplotlib, Seaborn,

 Framework: Flask for web application

 Visualization Tools: Matplotlib, Seaborn

 Development Environment: Google Colaboratory

 A CNN model designed for brain tumor classification that is both lightweight and

effective.

 Improved robustness and accuracy in comparison to existing generic CNN

architectures.

 Enhanced interpretability to aid in clinical decision-making.

Timeline 5

Week 1: Data collection and preprocessing.

Week 2: Model design and implementation.

Week 3: Model training and testing.

Week 4:Model deployment and final evaluation.

Figure 1 Timeline
 Conclusion 6

The proposal presents a plan to develop a customized CNN model for brain tumor

classification and detection is presented in this proposal. Through tackling contemporary

issues and utilizing cutting-edge deep learning methodologies, the project seeks to

provide a dependable and expandable solution to enhance diagnostic precision and

effectiveness in clinical contexts.