Department of Mathematics

Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad

Mathematics-I (MAN11101), Semester-I
Unit-II Partial Derivatives and Taylor’s Theorem
Tutorial Sheet 2
 
x2 +y 2
1. If u = tan−1 x+y , then show that x ∂u ∂u
∂x + y ∂y =
1
2 sin 2u.
  2 2
y
2. If u = x2 tan−1 − y 2 tan−1 x
x > 0, y > 0, then show that x ∂∂xu2 + y ∂x∂y
∂ u ∂u


x y , − ∂x = 0.

dz
3. If z = f (x, y) = x2 + 2x − xy + y 2 , x(t) = t2 + 1, y(t) = t3 − t2 , then find dt at t = 2.

4. If f (x, y) = x2 y, x = r cos θ, y = r sin θ, then show that ∂f 2 2

∂r = 3r cos θ sin θ.
 2  2  2  2
5. If z = f (x, y), x = r cos θ, x = r sin θ, then show that ∂f
∂x + ∂f
∂y = ∂f ∂r + 1
r2
∂f
∂θ .

6. If u, v, w are the roots of the equation in t, (t − x)3 + (t − y)3 + (t − z)3 = 0, then prove that
∂(u,v,z) (x−y)(y−z)(z−x)
∂(x,y,z) = −2 (u−v)(v−w)(w−u) .
∂f ∂f
7. If f (x, y) = x − 2y 2 , x = u − 2v, y = 2u + v, then find ∂u and ∂v .

2
8. If u = ln(x3 + y 3 − x2 y − xy 2 ), then prove that ux + uy = (x+y) . Hence show that uxx + 2uxy + uyy =
4
− (x+y)2.

∂w ∂w
9. Express ∂r and ∂s in terms of r and s if w = x + 2y + z 2 , x = rs , y = r2 + ln s, and z = 2r.

∂z
10. If yz − ln z = x + y, then find ∂x .
p
11. Let f : R2 → R be define by f (x, y) = |xy|.

(a) f is continuous at (0, 0).

(b) Partial derivatives exist at (0, 0).

(c) Directional derivative along u = (u1 , u2 ), u1 u2 ̸= 0 do not exist.

(d) f is not differentiable at (0, 0).

12. Let f : Rn → Rm be a linear map. Then show that f is differentiable for every x ∈ Rn , f ′ (x) = f .

13. If S ⊆ Rn , and f : S → Rm is differentiable at a ∈ S, then show that f is continuous at a.

14. Expand f (x, y) = tan−1 (x/y) by Taylor’s series. Find the approximate value of f (1.1, 0.8) using
linear approximation and quadratic approximation by Taylor’s series.

15. Obtain the linear approximation of the function f (x, y) = 2x2 − xy + y 2 + 3x − 4y + 1 by Taylor’s
series about the point (−1, 1). Find the maximum absolute error in the region |x + 1| < 0.1,
|y − 1| < 0.1.

16. Find an approximate value of tan−1 (0.99).

17. Show that limn→∞ (an + bn )1/n = b if 0 < a < b.

18. Find the relative max/min values of the function f (x, y, z) = x4 + y 4 + z 4 + 4xyz.

19. Expand ex log(1 + y) in power of x and y up to third degree terms.

 y
20. Expand f (x, y) = tan−1


x in power of (x − 1) and (y − 1) up to third degree terms. Hence
compute f (1.1, 0.9) approximately.

21. Discuss the maxima and minima of the function f (x, y) = x3 y 2 (1 − x − y).

22. Examine for maximum and minimum value of sin x + sin y + sin(x + y) and the minimum value of
x2 + y 2 + z 2 , subject to ax + by + cz = p.

23. Find the volume of the largest rectangular parallelopiped that can be inscribed in the ellipsoid
x2 y2 z2
a2 + b2 + c2 = 1.

24. The temperature T at any point (x, y, z) in space is given by T (x, y, z) = kxyz 2 , where k is a
positive constant. Find the highest temperature on the surface of the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = a2 .
3
25. Using Lagrange’s method of multipliers, find the minimum value of x + y + z, where x + y4 + z5 = 6.

26. Using Taylor’s series, expand xy 2 + 2x − 3y in power of (x + 2) and (y − 1) up to third degree term.

27. If u = f (x, y, z) and x = rsinθ cos ϕ, y = rsinθ sin ϕ, z = rcosθ then show that.
 2  2  2  2  2  
∂f ∂f ∂f ∂f 1 ∂f 1 ∂f
+ + = + 2 + 2 2
∂x ∂y ∂z ∂r r ∂θ r sin θ ∂ϕ

28. Find the quadratic Taylor’s series polynomial approximation to the function f (x, y) = 2x3 + 3y 2 −
4x2 y about the point (1, 2). Obtain maximum absolute error in the region |x − 1| < 0.01 and
|y − 2| < 0.1.

29. If u = f (r) where r2 = x2 + y 2 , prove that

∂2u 1
2
= f ′′ (r) + f ′ (r)
∂y r

30. Expand f (x, y) = ex log y in power of x and y up to three degree.

31. Examine the following function for extreme value f (x, y) = x4 + y 4 − 2x2 + 4xy − 2y 2 .

32. If u(x, y) = tan−1 (y 2 /x) than show that

∂2u ∂2u 2
2∂ u
x2 + 2xy + y = − sin2 u. sin 2u
∂x2 ∂x∂y ∂y 2

33. Obtain the Taylor’s series expansion upto second-order terms of the function f (x, y) = cot−1 (x, y)
about the point (−0.5, 2). Hence compute f (−0.4, 2.2) approximately.

34. Find the extreme value of 2x + 3y + z such that x2 + y 2 = 5 and x + y = 1.

35. Show that the function u = 3x + 2y − z, v = x − 2y + z and w = x(x + 2y − z) are functionally

related.
q
x1/3 +y 1/3
36. If u = sin−1 x1/2 +y 1/2
, than show that

13 tan2 u
 
2 2 tan u
x uxx + 2xyuxy + y uyy = +
12 12 12
∂(x,y,z)
37. If xyz − u = 0, x2 + y 2 + z 2 − v = 0, and x + y + z − w = 0 find ∂(u,v,w) .

38. Obtain a quadratic Taylor’s series approximation to the function f (x, y) = cos x cos y about the
point (0, 0). Abo estimate the maximum absolute error in the region |x| < 0.2, |y| < 0.1