Student Management System (PHP) —
Features & Technical Spec
भाषा: हिन्दी + English | Target Stack: PHP 8.x, MySQL 8, Laravel/CodeIgniter या Core
PHP
1) Overview / Scope
यह System एक School/College के लिये end-to-end Student Lifecycle को manage करेगा —
admission से लेकर attendance, fees, exams, timetable, communication, library, transport
और reporting तक। Multi-branch, role-based access और mobile-friendly UI अपेक्षित है।
2) User Roles & Access Control
Super Admin — Global settings, branches, roles, master data.
Admin — Day-to-day operations: admissions, fees, exams, staff, reports.
Teacher — Attendance, grades, assignments, timetable, remarks.
Accountant — Fees, invoices, refunds, discount/scholarship management.
Librarian — Books, issues/returns, fines.
Transport Manager — Routes, vehicles, drivers, stops, fees.
Hostel Warden — Rooms, allotment, mess, complaints.
Parent/Guardian — Child progress, fees/payments, communication.
Student — Dashboard, timetable, assignments, exams, results, dues.
3) Core Modules (MVP + Optional)
A) Admissions & Student Information System (SIS)
Online/Offline admission form (photo, documents upload, previous records)
Unique Student ID, Enrollment No., auto roll number generator
Class/Section/Batch allocation, Subject mapping
Document verification workflow, admission status (Pending/Approved/Rejected)
Bulk import (CSV/Excel) + Bulk update
B) Attendance
Daily class-wise attendance (web + mobile)
Leave requests & approvals
Biometric/RFID integration (optional)
Attendance reports: daily, monthly, defaulters, export (CSV/PDF)
C) Fees & Finance
Fee heads (Tuition, Transport, Hostel, Exam, Library), fee structures by class
Invoices, receipts, partial payments, due tracking, late fee rules
Online payment gateways (Razorpay/Stripe/PayU) with webhooks
Scholarships/Discounts, refunds, ledger & audit trail
Finance reports: collection, outstanding, aging, export
D) Exams, Grades & Result Publishing
Exam terms/sessions, subject-wise marks/grades schemes
Grading formulas, weightage, moderation, remarks
Result sheet generation, printable report cards (PDF)
Online result portal for parents/students
E) Timetable & Academic Planning
Class/Teacher/Room wise timetable with conflicts checker
Substitution management, special classes, holidays/academic calendar
Exam timetable & invigilation
F) Assignments & LMS Lite
Assignments, resources (docs, videos), due dates, submissions
Teacher feedback & grading, plagiarism note (manual)
G) Communication Center
Bulk SMS/Email/WhatsApp templates (integrations via API)
Notices, events, circulars, PTA invites
In-app notifications & push (PWA/Firebase optional)
H) Library Management
Books master (ISBN, authors, categories, copies)
Issue/return, reservations, fines & reminders
Barcode/QR support, stock & usage reports
I) Transport Management
Routes, stops, vehicles, drivers, GPS link (optional)
Student stop mapping, transport fees & attendance
J) Hostel Management (Optional)
Rooms & beds inventory, allotment, check-in/out
Mess planning, complaints register
K) Reports & Analytics
Admissions funnel, attendance trends, fee collection, result analytics
Custom report builder, CSV/Excel/PDF export
L) Settings & Security
Branches, classes, subjects, sessions, holidays
Role-based permissions (RBAC), audit logs, IP/device restrictions (optional)
Backups, environment configs (.env), email/SMS gateways
4) Recommended Tech Stack (PHP)
Backend: PHP 8.2+, Laravel 10/11 (preferred) या CodeIgniter 4 / Core PHP (MVP fast
build)
DB: MySQL 8.x (InnoDB, UTF8MB4), Redis (cache/queue)
Frontend: Blade/TailwindCSS या Bootstrap 5; Alpine.js for interactivity
Auth: Laravel Breeze/Fortify, JWT for APIs (parents app)
Payments: Razorpay/Stripe (webhooks)
SMS/WA: Twilio/MSG91/Gupshup/Meta WhatsApp Cloud API
5) Database Design (Key Tables)
students(id, uid, name, dob, gender, photo, parent_id, address, status)
classes(id, name, section, session_id)
subjects(id, code, name, type, class_id)
enrollments(id, student_id, class_id, roll_no, batch_id)
attendances(id, date, class_id, student_id, status, remark)
fees(id, student_id, fee_head_id, amount, due_date, status)
invoices(id, number, student_id, total, paid, due, status)
payments(id, invoice_id, method, txn_id, amount, paid_at)
exams(id, term, session_id) & marks(id, exam_id, student_id, subject_id, marks, grade)
library_books(id, isbn, title, author, copies) & issues(id, book_id, student_id, due_date,
return_date, fine)
routes(id, name) & vehicle_stops(id, route_id, stop_name, time)
users(id, name, email, password, role) & activity_logs(id, user_id, action, ip, ua)
6) REST API — Sample Endpoints
POST /api/login — JWT auth
GET /api/students?class_id= — list with pagination/filters
POST /api/students — create; PUT /api/students/{id} — update
POST /api/attendance/mark — bulk mark by class/date
GET /api/fees/{student_id}/invoices
POST /api/payments/webhook/razorpay — verify & record payment
GET /api/exams/{exam_id}/results?class_id=
7) Web UI — Key Screens
Dashboards (Admin/Teacher/Parent) with KPIs
Admissions → list + review + approve
Students → list, profile, documents, actions
Attendance → daily/class-wise
Fees → structures, invoices, payments
Exams → setup, marks entry, result publish
Timetable → manage & view
Library/Transport/Hostel → CRUD & reports
Reports → filters + export
Settings → roles, master data
8) Non-Functional Requirements
Performance: <2s TTFB on core pages; caching for lists
Security: OWASP top-10, CSRF, rate limiting, password hashing (Argon2id)
Reliability: daily DB backups, .env based secrets
Accessibility: keyboard navigation, color contrast
Internationalization (optional): i18n strings
Compliance: consent for communications; audit logs
9) Implementation Plan (Milestones)
1. M1 (Week 1–2): Auth, roles, sessions, classes/subjects, admissions MVP
2. M2 (Week 3–4): Students, attendance, timetable
3. M3 (Week 5–6): Fees, invoices, payments gateway
4. M4 (Week 7–8): Exams & results, PDF report cards
5. M5 (Week 9): Library, transport (optional hostel)
6. M6 (Week 10): Reports, dashboards, polishing, backups, docs
10) Future Enhancements
Parent/Student mobile app (Flutter/PWA)
Biometric attendance integration
AI-assisted insights: risk of dropout, fee default prediction
Offline-first kiosk for admissions
