CHAPTER 1- RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. Let R is a relation defined on the set of real numbers such that

 
R  x, y  : x  y  2 is an irrational number . The relation R is
a) reflexive b) symmetric c) transitive d) equivalence

2. Let R be the relation on the set of N given by R {(a,b): a b  2 , b> 6 } then

a) (2,4)R b) (3,8)R c) (6,8)R d) (8,7)R

3. The relation R {(1,1),(2,2),(3,3)} on the set {1,2,3} is

a) reflexive b) symmetric c) transitive d) equivalence

4. Let A  1, 2, 3,......, nand B  a b, then the number of surjections from A to B is
a) 2n b) 2 n  1 c) 2 n  2 d) 2 n  2

5. The function f : R  R given by f ( x)  5  2 sin x is

a) one-one b) onto c) bijective d) neither one-one nor onto

6. The total number of equivalence relations on the set A  1,2,3, is

a) 5 b) 3! c) 3 2 d) 3 3

7. If n A  4 and nB   6 then number of one - one functions from A to B are

a) 6
P4 b) 6 C 4 c) 6 P4  6 C 4 d) 6 C 4  6 P4

8. Consider a non – empty set consisting of children in a family and a relation R defined as aRb if a is
sister of b . Then R , is

a) symmetric and transitive c) neither symmetric nor transitive

b) transitive but not symmetric d) symmetric but not transitive

9. Let L be the set of all lines on the plane and R  l1 .l 2  : l1  l 2 , l1 , l 2  L be a relation on L . If
l1 , l2   R and l 2  5x  7 y  1  0 , then l1  where k  R

a) 7 x  5 y  k  0 b) 7x  5y  k  0 c) 5 x  7 y  k  0 d) 5 x  7 y  k  0

    
10. If A  0, , , ,   and f : A  B , defined as f ( x)  sin 2 x is a surjection, then B is
 4 3 2 
 3  3  3  3
a) 0,1,  b) 0,1,  c) 0,1,  d) 0,1, 
 2   2   2   2 
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11. Let A  a, b, c, then total number of distinct relations in set A are
a) 64 b) 32 c) 256 d) 512

12. If R  x, y  : x  2 y  8 is a relation on N, then range of R is

a) 3 b) 1,2,3 c) 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 d) 1,2

13. Let the function f be defined by f ( x)  5 x 2  2 ,  x  R . Then f is

a) Onto function c) one-one and onto function
b) one-one and into function d) many one and into function
The function f : 0,   R given by f  x  
x
14. is
x 1
a) one-one and onto c) one-one but not onto
b) onto but not one-one d) neither one-one nor onto

15. If f : 2,   B defined by f x   x 2  4 x  5 is one-one and onto function, then B is

a) R b) 1,  c) 4,  d) 5,  

16. Let A  1, 2, 3, B  1, 4, 6, 9 and R is a relation from A to B define by ' x is greater than y '
The range of R is
a) 1, 4, 6, 9 b)  4, 6, 9 c) 1 d)  2, 3

17. If A  1, 2, 3 and let R  1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 3, 3, 2. Then R is
a) reflexive, symmetric but not transitive c) symmetric, transitive but not reflexive
b) reflexive and transitive but not symmetric d) an equivalence relation

18. Let R be a relation defined on Z as follows: a, b   R  a 2  b 2  25, then domain of R is

a)  3, 4, 5 b)  0, 3, 4, 5 c)  0,  3,  4,  5 d)   3,  4,  5

ASSERTION – REASON BASED QUESTIONS

In the following questions, a statement of Assertion ( A ) is followed by a statement of Reason ( R ).
Choose the correct answer out of the following choices:
a) Both assertion ( A ) and reason ( R ) are true and reason ( R ) is the correct explanation of
assertion ( A ).
b) Both assertion ( A ) and reason ( R ) are true and reason ( R ) is not the correct explanation
of assertion ( A ).
c) Assertion ( A ) is true but reason ( R ) is false.
d) Assertion ( A ) is false but reason ( R ) is true.

19. Assertion (A): In set A = {1, 2, 3} a relation R defined as R = {(1, 1), (2, 2)} is reflexive.
Reason (R): A relation R is reflexive in set A if (a, a) ∈ R for all a ∈A.

20. Assertion (A): In set A = {a, b, c} relation R in set A, given as R = {(a, c)} is transitive.
Reason (R): A singleton relation is transitive.

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21. Assertion (A): The function f : R  R , f x   x is not one-one.
Reason (R): The function f : R  R , f x   x is not onto.

CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS

22. Sherlin and Danju are playing Ludo at home during Covid-19. While rolling the dice, Sherlin’s
sister Raji observed and noted that possible outcomes of the throw every time belongs to set {1,
2, 3, 4, 5, 6}. Let A be the set of players while B be the set of all possible outcomes.

A = {S, D}, B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}

(i) Let R: B  B be defined by R = {(x, y): y is divisible by x}. Show that relation R is reflexive
and transitive but not symmetric.
(ii) Let R be a relation on B defined by R = {(1, 2), (2, 2), (1, 3), (3, 4), (3, 1), (4, 3), (5, 5)}.
Then check whether R is an equivalence relation.
(iii) Raji wants to know the number of functions from A to B. How many number of functions
are possible?

23. A general election of Lok Sabha is a gigantic exercise. About 911 million people were eligible to
vote and voter turnout was about 67%, the highest ever

Let I be the set of all citizens of India who were eligible to exercise their voting right in general
election held in 2019. A relation ‘R’ is defined on I as follows:
R = {(V1, V2): V1, V2 ∈I and both use their voting right in general election – 2019}
(i) Two neighbours X and Y  I. X exercised his voting right while Y did not cast her vote in
general election-2019. Check whether X is related to Y or not.
(ii) Mr. ‘X’ and his wife ‘W’ both exercised their voting right in general election-2019. Show
that (X, W)  R and (W, X)  R.
(iii) Three friends F1, F2 and F3 exercised their voting right in general election-2019. Show that

F1 , F2   R, F2 , F3   R and F1 , F3   R

SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

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24. Determine whether each of the following relations are reflexive, symmetric and transitive :
i) The relation R on the set A = { 1, 2. 3, 4, …………., 14 } defined as
R = { ( x, y ) : x, y  A , 3 x  y  0 }

ii) The relation R on the set A = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 } defined as

R = { ( x, y ) : x, y  A , y  x  1 }

iii) The relation R on the set A = { 0, 1, 2, ………., 7 } defined as

R = { ( x, y ) : x, y  A , y  2 x  1 }

iv) Relation R in the set N of all natural numbers defined by

R = { ( x, y ) : y  x  5 , x  4 }

v) The relation R on the set A of human beings in a city defined as

R = { ( x, y ) : x is a husband of y }

25. Let Z be the set of all integers and R be the relation on Z defined as R  {a, b : a  b is divisible by
5}. Prove that R is an equivalence relation. Find the equivalence class of 1 

26. Show that the relation R on the set N  N defined by a, bRc, d   a  d  b  c is an equivalence
relation.

27. Show that the relation R on the set N  N defined by a, bRc, d   ad  bc is an equivalence
relation.

28. Show that the relation R on the set N  N defined by a, bRc, d   ad (b  c)  bc(a  d ) is an
equivalence relation.

29. Check the injectivity and surjectivity of the following functions :

i) f : N  N defined by f ( x)  x 2 iii) f : R  R defined by f ( x)  x 2  1
ii) f : N  N defined by f ( x)  x 3 iv) f : R  R defined by f ( x)  x 4

30. Let f : N  Y be a function defined as f ( x )  4 x  3 , where Y  y  N : y  4 x  3 for some x  N

. Show that f is bijective.
3 5
31. If f : R     R is defined by f ( x)  , find the range of f .
2 2x  3
x2
32. Let A  R  {3} and B  R  {1} . Consider the function defined by f : A  B , f ( x)  . Is
x3
f one-one and onto? Justify your answer.

x
33. Show that the function f : R  (1,1) defined by f ( x)  is one-one onto function.
1 x
34. Let A  x  R : 1  x  1  B . Show that f : A  B given by f ( x)  x x is a bijection.

35. Consider f : R    9,   given by f ( x)  5 x 2  6 x  9 . Prove that f is one-one and onto.

36. Consider f : 0,    5,  given by f ( x)  9 x 2  6 x  5 . Show that f is bijective.

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37. Show that the function f : W  W defined by
 x  1, if x is even
f ( x)   is bijective.
 x  1, if x is odd
38. Show that the function f : N  N defined by f ( x)  3 x  2 is one-one but not onto.

39. Show that the relation S in the set R of real numbers, defined as S = {(a, b): a, b ∈R and a  b 3 }
is neither reflexive, nor symmetric, nor transitive.

40. Let the function f : R  R be defined by f (x) = cos x ∀x ∈R. Show that f is neither one-one nor
onto.

41. Let T be the set of all triangles in a plane with R a relation in T given by R = {(T1, T2): T1 ≅T2}.
Show that R is an equivalence relation.

42. A function f : [12,12]  [0,12] given by f ( x)  144  x 2 . Show that function is surjective but
not an injective. Further find all possible values of 'a' for which f (a)  2 11

43. Prove that the Greatest integer function f : R  R given by f (x) = x is nether one-one nor onto.

44. Consider the function f : [0, ]  [4, ] defined by f ( x)  x 2  4 . Show that f is one-one and onto.
45. Check whether the function f : R  R defined by f x   x  x is one-one and onto.
46. Determine whether the relation K on R of all real numbers as K  {a, b : a, b  R , a 5  b  S ,
where S is the set of all irrational numbers } , is reflexive, symmetric and transitive.
47. Let N be the set of all natural numbers and R be the relation on N  N defined by
(a, b) R (c, d )  ad  bc . Prove that R is an equivalence relation.
48. Determine whether the relation K on R of all real numbers as K  {a, b : a, b  R , a  b  5  S ,
where S is the set of all irrational numbers } , is reflexive, symmetric and transitive

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