High level Communication

https://tesla.o.auroraobjects.eu/Design_Guide_Combined_Charging_System_V3_1_1.pdf
https://www.charin.global/media/pages/home/technical-details-ccs-basic/8573eac41b-
Apurv Kumar Yadav 1645622501/design_guide_combined_charging_system_v7.pdf
EED,IITR 99
100
101
102
 CCS2- HLC
Application
V2G Application Layer message, SDP
OSI Layer 7

ISO/IEC
Presentation
15118-2 XML or EXI
OSI Layer 6
Technical
protocol
Session description and
V2G Session Layer
OSI Layer 5 Open System
ISO/IEC
Interconnection
15118-1
(OSI) Layer
Transport General
requirements TCP, UDP, TLS
OSI Layer 4 Information
And use-case
definition
Network
IP, ICMP
OSI Layer 3

Data Link
OSI Layer 2
ISO/IEC 15118-3 Physical Layer requirements
Physical
OSI Layer 1

https://tesla.o.auroraobjects.eu/Design_Guide_Combined_Charging_System_V3_1_1.pdf
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EED,IITR 103
 CCS2- HLC: OSI Layer1 (Physical)
• Precondition:
• PE & Control Pilot connected
• PWM 3 to 5% Status “B”
• On both sides: compatible Home Plug Green PHY modems
• Task:
• Establish physical link on the PE-CP wires to the opposite side.
• Result:
• PLC module ready for communication with a established frequency band of 1.8 MHz to 30 MHz
• Layer ensures the activation of physical connections (mechanical, electric, functional interfaces) to provide
bidirectional data transfer between EV and DC Supply.
• Standard Ref: ISO/IEC 15118-3; Clause 8 and 9

https://tesla.o.auroraobjects.eu/Design_Guide_Combined_Charging_System_V3_1_1.pdf
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EED,IITR 104
 CCS2- HLC: OSI Layer2 (Datalink)
• Precondition:
• Successful established OSI Layer 1
• Task:
• Configuration of PLC nodes
• Determination of the connected Power Supply PLC module with measurement of signal strength by using the
Signal Level Attenuation Characterization (SLAC) process
• Confirm the “Association process”
• Set-up logical network
• Result:
• Established Link to higher layer entities

• Layer guarantees a error-free data transfer of data frames from one node to another over the physical layer.
• Standard Ref: ISO/IEC 15118-2; 7.5, ISO/IEC 15118-3 Clause 12

https://tesla.o.auroraobjects.eu/Design_Guide_Combined_Charging_System_V3_1_1.pdf
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EED,IITR 105
 CCS2- HLC: OSI Layer3 (Network)
• Precondition:
• Successful established OSI Layer 2
• Task:
• Implement the IPv6 Internet Protocol Standard by using SLAAC (Stateless Address Autoconfiguration)
procedure.
• Ensure unique addresses by using neighbor broadcast protocol
• Implementation of ICMPv6 to send error messages
• Result:
• All nodes retrieves valid IP addresses

• Layer controls the routing and switching of connections deciding which physical path the data should take.
• Standard Ref: ISO/IEC 15118-2; 7.6

https://tesla.o.auroraobjects.eu/Design_Guide_Combined_Charging_System_V3_1_1.pdf
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EED,IITR 106
 CCS2- HLC: OSI Layer4 (Transport)
• Precondition:
• Successful established OSI Layer 3
• Task:
• All entities implement Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
• All entities implement User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
• All entities implement optional Transport Layer Security (TLS)
• Result:
• Establishing reliable (TCP), fast (UDP) and safe (TLS) data connection between entities
• TCP provides flow control and congestion control and provides
• algorithm to handle congestion and influence flow control

• Layer ensures the error-free flow and congestion of the data stream with no losses or duplications.
• Standard Ref: ISO/IEC 15118-2; 7.7

https://tesla.o.auroraobjects.eu/Design_Guide_Combined_Charging_System_V3_1_1.pdf
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EED,IITR 107
 CCS2- HLC: OSI Layer5 (Session)
• Precondition:
• Successful established OSI Layer 4
• Task:
• Entities implement V2G Transfer Protocol (V2GTP)
• Establishes, manages and terminates connections between the entities by using IP addresses and port numbers
• Result:
• Established and identified connections for bidirectional data exchange

• Layer establishes and identifies a connection for bidirectional data exchange.

• Standard Ref: ISO/IEC 15118-2; 7.8

https://tesla.o.auroraobjects.eu/Design_Guide_Combined_Charging_System_V3_1_1.pdf
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EED,IITR 108
 CCS2- HLC: OSI Layer6 (Presentation)
• Precondition:
• Successful established OSI Layer 5
• All entities have to use encoding format according to definition in W3C EXI 1.0
• Task:
• Coding and decoding from application to network format EXI
• Establish between EV and DC Supply an appropriate application layer protocol including its version via
handshake (sending a “supportedAppProtocolReq” and responding a “supportedAppProtocolRes”)
• Implement a message structure with a message header (contains Session ID, Notification, Signature) and message
body (represents the abstract message information)
• Result:
• Enables simplified validity evaluation of exchanged messages
• Compatibility of data exchange between all entities
• Layer transforms system dependent data into an independent shape and enables thereby the syntactically correct data
exchange between different systems. It can be viewed as the translator of the system.
• Standard Ref: ISO/IEC 15118-2; 7.9
https://tesla.o.auroraobjects.eu/Design_Guide_Combined_Charging_System_V3_1_1.pdf
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EED,IITR 109
 CCS2- HLC: OSI Layer7 (Application)
• Precondition:
• Successful established OSI Layer
• Task:
• Establish charging process (i.e. identification, precharge, charge, security check…)
• Result:
• Representing the client-server based massage and the required communication protocol

• Layer is initializing and configuring the charge process of an EV.

• Standard Ref: ISO/IEC 15118-2 7.10

https://tesla.o.auroraobjects.eu/Design_Guide_Combined_Charging_System_V3_1_1.pdf
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EED,IITR 110
 CCS2- HLC

https://tesla.o.auroraobjects.eu/Design_Guide_Combined_Charging_System_V3_1_1.pdf
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EED,IITR 111
112
 CCS2- HLC

https://tesla.o.auroraobjects.eu/Design_Guide_Combined_Charging_System_V3_1_1.pdf
https://www.charin.global/media/pages/home/technical-details-ccs-basic/8573eac41b-
Apurv Kumar Yadav 1645622501/design_guide_combined_charging_system_v7.pdf
EED,IITR 113
 New Directions towards Charging
• Unified Fast Charger for 2-W: Currently, Ola uses its unique charger (hypercharge) plug for its EVs. Ather is using
type-2 based plug. Hence, they go upto only 1.1kW charging, which may not be fast charging the 2-W. It is require
to have same plug across all the EV platform to facilitate fast charging going upto 6.6kW or more.

• Adaptive Charging technologies: An user can choose whether to charge slow or fast depending on the time from the
same charger, as well as they can change the charging type on the go.

Apurv Kumar Yadav

EED,IITR 114
 New Directions towards Charging:
Contactless Charging
• a commercially available CCS2 charger has a cable length of 5 m.
• The cable + charging cords weighs around 3.6 kg, the weight can further go up in case commercial vehicle charging.
• Liquid cooled cables are one of the solutions, but requires frequent maintenance.
• The charging cords suffers from wear and tear, weather, vandalism

https://ocw.tudelft.nl/wp-content/uploads/eCARS2x_Lecture_Notes_L3-3.pdf
Apurv Kumar Yadav
EED,IITR 115
 New Directions towards Charging:
Contactless Charging
• Contactless power transfer is the transmission of electrical power from one point to another without using the solid wire or
conductors.
• Advantages of Contactless power transfer
• Convenience
• Less wear and tear of the connector
• Full autonomy
• No human intervention
• Weather-resistance, vandalism-proof
• One of the ways to achieve contactless power transfer is inductive power transfer (IPT).
• High power contactless charging (in commercial vehicles) requires multi-phase inductive power transfer

https://evchargingsummit.com/blog/everything-you-need-to-know-about-wireless-ev-charging/ https://www.batterytechonline.com/charging/wireless-charging-transforming-electric-bus-efficiency

https://www.mynewsdesk.com/cavotec/blog_posts/worlds-first-combined-induction-transfer-and-automated-mooring-system-successfully-tested-with-hybrid-ferry-61916
Apurv Kumar Yadav
EED,IITR 116
 New Directions towards Charging:
Contactless Charging
• An input AC grid voltage is supplied to an active power factor correction (PFC) circuit, generating an intermediate DC voltage.
• PFC is cascaded with a high frequency DC-AC inverter.
• The receiver side rectifies the high frequency AC voltage to DC, which is used to charge the battery.
• The magnetic couplers used are identical/non-identical in shape and size.
• The main concern portion is the wireless DC-DC stage.

Apurv Kumar Yadav

EED,IITR 117
118
119
 Thank you !!!!
Dr. Apurv Kumar Yadav,
Department of Elect. Engg.,
Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee,
EML: apurv@ee.iitr.ac.in
URL: http://apurv.ee.faculty.iitr.ac.in/index.html